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Ruby Wax (; born 19 April 1953) is an American-British actress, comedian, writer, television presenter, and mental health campaigner. A classically-trained actress, Wax co-starred on the ITV sitcom '' Girls on Top'' (1985–1986), and came to prominence as a comic interviewer, playing up to British perceptions of the strident American style on television shows including ''The Full Wax'' (1991–1994), ''Ruby Wax Meets...'' (1994–1998), ''
Ruby Ruby is a pinkish-red-to-blood-red-colored gemstone, a variety of the mineral corundum ( aluminium oxide). Ruby is one of the most popular traditional jewelry gems and is very durable. Other varieties of gem-quality corundum are called sapph ...
'' (1997–2000), and ''The Ruby Wax Show'' (2002). She was a script editor for the
BBC The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster headquartered at Broadcasting House in London, England. Originally established in 1922 as the British Broadcasting Company, it evolved into its current sta ...
sitcom '' Absolutely Fabulous'' (1992–2012), also appearing in two episodes. Wax holds both American and British citizenship and has resided in the
United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Northwestern Europe, off the coast of European mainland, the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotlan ...
since the 1970s. In 2013, she gained a
master's degree A master's degree (from Latin ) is a postgraduate academic degree awarded by universities or colleges upon completion of a course of study demonstrating mastery or a high-order overview of a specific field of study or area of professional prac ...
in
mindfulness Mindfulness is the cognitive skill, usually developed through exercises, of sustaining metacognitive awareness towards the contents of one's own mind and bodily sensations in the present moment. The term ''mindfulness'' derives from the Pali ...
-based cognitive therapy from
Kellogg College, Oxford Kellogg College is a graduate-only colleges of the University of Oxford, constituent college of the University of Oxford in England. Founded in 1990 as Rewley House, Kellogg is the university's 36th college and the largest by number of students ...
. In 2015, she was appointed a Visiting Professor in Mental Health Nursing at the
University of Surrey The University of Surrey is a public research university in Guildford, Surrey, England. The university received its Royal Charter, royal charter in 1966, along with a Plate glass university, number of other institutions following recommendations ...
. Wax was appointed an Honorary Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in the 2015 Special Honours for services to mental health. Her memoirs ''How Do You Want Me?'' (2002) and ''Sane New World'' (2013) both reached number one on the ''Sunday Times'' bestseller list.


Early life

Wax was born Ruby Wachs and raised in
Evanston, Illinois Evanston is a city in Cook County, Illinois, United States, situated on the North Shore (Chicago), North Shore along Lake Michigan. A suburb of Chicago, Evanston is north of Chicago Loop, downtown Chicago, bordered by Chicago to the south, Skok ...
, the daughter of Edward and Berthe Wachs (''née'' Goldmann). Her parents were
Austrian Jews The history of the Jews in Austria starts after the Jewish diaspora, exodus of Jews from History of ancient Israel and Judah#Roman occupation, Judea under Roman occupation. There have been Jews in Austria since the 3rd century CE. Over the cour ...
who left
Vienna Vienna ( ; ; ) is the capital city, capital, List of largest cities in Austria, most populous city, and one of Federal states of Austria, nine federal states of Austria. It is Austria's primate city, with just over two million inhabitants. ...
in 1938 because of the
Nazi Nazism (), formally named National Socialism (NS; , ), is the far-right politics, far-right Totalitarianism, totalitarian socio-political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in Germany. During H ...
threat. Her father was a sausage manufacturer and her mother qualified as an accountant. Once settled in
Chicago Chicago is the List of municipalities in Illinois, most populous city in the U.S. state of Illinois and in the Midwestern United States. With a population of 2,746,388, as of the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, it is the List of Unite ...
, her father changed the spelling of the family surname from Wachs to Wax. Wax majored in
psychology Psychology is the scientific study of mind and behavior. Its subject matter includes the behavior of humans and nonhumans, both consciousness, conscious and Unconscious mind, unconscious phenomena, and mental processes such as thoughts, feel ...
at the
University of California, Berkeley The University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley, Berkeley, Cal, or California), is a Public university, public Land-grant university, land-grant research university in Berkeley, California, United States. Founded in 1868 and named after t ...
, leaving after a year without completing her degree.


Career


Early career

Wax moved to the UK and studied at the Royal Scottish Academy of Music and Drama in
Glasgow Glasgow is the Cities of Scotland, most populous city in Scotland, located on the banks of the River Clyde in Strathclyde, west central Scotland. It is the List of cities in the United Kingdom, third-most-populous city in the United Kingdom ...
. She started her acting career as a straight actress at the Crucible Theatre,
Sheffield Sheffield is a city in South Yorkshire, England, situated south of Leeds and east of Manchester. The city is the administrative centre of the City of Sheffield. It is historically part of the West Riding of Yorkshire and some of its so ...
, where she began a long-standing writing and directing partnership with
Alan Rickman Alan Sidney Patrick Rickman (21 February 1946 – 14 January 2016) was an English actor and director. Known for his distinctive deep, wikt:languid#Etymology 1, languid voice, he trained at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art in London and b ...
, who later directed many of her stage comedy shows. In 1978, she joined the
Royal Shakespeare Company The Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC) is a major British theatre company, based in Stratford-upon-Avon, Warwickshire, England. The company employs over 1,000 staff and opens around 20 productions a year. The RSC plays regularly in London, Stratf ...
, working alongside
Juliet Stevenson Juliet Anne Virginia Stevenson, (born 30 October 1956) is an English actress of stage and screen. She is known for her role in the film '' Truly, Madly, Deeply'' (1991), for which she was nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Le ...
in ''
Measure for Measure ''Measure for Measure'' is a play by William Shakespeare, believed to have been written in 1603 or 1604 and first performed in 1604. It was published in the First Folio of 1623. The play centers on the despotic and puritan Angelo (Measure for ...
'', as Jaquenetta opposite Michael Hordern in '' Love's Labours Lost'', replacing
Zoë Wanamaker Zoë Wanamaker (born 13 May 1949) is an American-born British actress who has worked extensively with the Royal Shakespeare Company and the National Theatre. Wanamaker was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 2001 by Qu ...
as Jane in '' The Way of the World'' and appearing in the
Howard Brenton Howard John Brenton FRSL (born 13 December 1942) is an English playwright and screenwriter, often ranked alongside contemporaries such as Edward Bond, Caryl Churchill, and David Hare. Early years Brenton was born in Portsmouth, Hampshire, so ...
three-hander ''Sore Throats''. While at the RSC, Wax also met and befriended
Ian Charleson Ian Charleson (11 August 1949 – 6 January 1990) was a Scottish stage and film actor. He is best known internationally for his starring role as Olympic athlete and missionary Eric Liddell in the Academy Award, Oscar-winning 1981 film ''Chariots ...
, and later contributed a chapter to the 1990 book, ''For Ian Charleson: A Tribute''. In 1981, Wax appeared as an American track fan in Charleson's breakthrough film, ''
Chariots of Fire ''Chariots of Fire'' is a 1981 historical drama, historical Sports film, sports drama film directed by Hugh Hudson, written by Colin Welland and produced by David Puttnam. It is based on the true story of two British athletes in the 1924 Summer ...
''. She originally had a much larger role in the film, but it was cut down in editing. Wax made a one-off appearance in a 1980 episode of '' The Professionals'', ''Bloodsports'', playing Lonnie, an American student. In 1981, she appeared in the follow-up to ''
The Rocky Horror Picture Show ''The Rocky Horror Picture Show'' is a 1975 independent musical comedy horror film produced by Lou Adler and Michael White, directed by Jim Sharman, and distributed by 20th Century Fox. The screenplay was written by Sharman and Richard O ...
'', called '' Shock Treatment''. In the film, Wax portrays Betty Hapschatt, who married Ralph Hapschatt in the first film. The same year, she Wax also appeared briefly as a secretary in '' Omen III: The Final Conflict''.


Comedy work

In 1985, she starred as loud-mouthed American actress Shelley DuPont on the British sitcom '' Girls on Top''. In 1987, Wax was given her own comedy chat show, ''Don't Miss Wax'', on
Channel 4 Channel 4 is a British free-to-air public broadcast television channel owned and operated by Channel Four Television Corporation. It is state-owned enterprise, publicly owned but, unlike the BBC, it receives no public funding and is funded en ...
. She was also hired as a radio presenter by the Superstation, an overnight sustaining service for commercial radio in the UK. In December 1989, she appeared in the ''
Red Dwarf A red dwarf is the smallest kind of star on the main sequence. Red dwarfs are by far the most common type of fusing star in the Milky Way, at least in the neighborhood of the Sun. However, due to their low luminosity, individual red dwarfs are ...
'' episode "
Timeslides "Timeslides" is the fifth episode of science fiction sit-com ''Red Dwarf'' Series III, and the seventeenth in the series run. It premiered on the British television channel BBC2 on 12 December 1989. Written by Rob Grant and Doug Naylor, and dir ...
" as the television host Blaize Falconberger of the fictional show "''Lifestyles of the Disgustingly Rich and Famous"''. Wax began working with the
BBC The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster headquartered at Broadcasting House in London, England. Originally established in 1922 as the British Broadcasting Company, it evolved into its current sta ...
in 1991, with the show ''The Full Wax'' (1991–94). In 1994, ''Ruby Wax Meets Madonna'' aired on the
BBC The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster headquartered at Broadcasting House in London, England. Originally established in 1922 as the British Broadcasting Company, it evolved into its current sta ...
, followed by the series ''Ruby Wax Meets...'' (1996–98), in which she interviewed public figures such as
Imelda Marcos Imelda Romualdez Marcos (; born Imelda Remedios Visitación Trinidad Romuáldez; July 2, 1929) is a Filipino politician who was First Lady of the Philippines from 1965 to 1986, wielding significant political power after her husband Ferdinand ...
,
O. J. Simpson Orenthal James Simpson (July 9, 1947 – April 10, 2024), also known by his nickname "the Juice", was an American professional American football, football player, actor, and media personality who played in the National Football League (NFL) ...
, and Pamela Anderson. ''Ruby Wax Meets...'' was nominated for a 1997
BAFTA Award The British Academy Film Awards, more commonly known as the BAFTAs or BAFTA Awards, is an annual film award show hosted by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA) to honour the best British and international contributions to f ...
(credited to Clive Tulloh and Don Boyd), for an interview with
Sarah, Duchess of York Sarah, Duchess of York (born Sarah Margaret Ferguson; 15 October 1959), also known by the nickname Fergie, is a British author, philanthropist, television personality, and member of the extended British royal family. She is the former wife of P ...
, an interview which attracted over 14 million viewers. She also made two guest appearances in '' Absolutely Fabulous'', a programme on which she served as script editor throughout the run of the series. From November 2001 to June 2002, Wax presented a TV quiz show on
BBC One BBC One is a British free-to-air public broadcast television channel owned and operated by the BBC. It is the corporation's oldest and flagship channel, and is known for broadcasting mainstream programming, which includes BBC News television b ...
, '' The Waiting Game''. Her final BBC interview series aired in 2003. In 2005 Wax appeared as a cleaner in the music video to
McFly McFly are a British pop rock band formed in London in 2003. The band took their name from the ''Back to the Future (franchise), Back to the Future'' character Marty McFly. The band consists of Tom Fletcher (lead vocals, guitar, and piano), Da ...
's Comic Relief song '' All About You''.


Writing, academia, corporate training and returns to television and stage

In 2002, Wax became the host of '' Commercial Breakdown''. In that year, Wax published her memoir ''How Do You Want Me?'', which topped ''The Sunday Times'' best-seller list. In March 2003, Wax was one of the celebrity contestants on '' Comic Relief does Fame Academy'', a spin-off from the
BBC The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster headquartered at Broadcasting House in London, England. Originally established in 1922 as the British Broadcasting Company, it evolved into its current sta ...
's '' Fame Academy'', with all proceeds donated to ''
Comic Relief Comic Relief is a British charity, founded in 1986 by the comedy scriptwriter Richard Curtis and comedian Sir Lenny Henry in response to the 1983–1985 famine in Ethiopia. The concept of Comic Relief was to get British comedians to make t ...
''. Although not a good singer, Wax made it to the final, taking runner-up position to Will Mellor. In 2004, the BBC planned to show the cartoon series '' Popetown'', poking fun at the
Catholic Church The Catholic Church (), also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the List of Christian denominations by number of members, largest Christian church, with 1.27 to 1.41 billion baptized Catholics Catholic Church by country, worldwid ...
. Wax portrayed the
Pope The pope is the bishop of Rome and the Head of the Church#Catholic Church, visible head of the worldwide Catholic Church. He is also known as the supreme pontiff, Roman pontiff, or sovereign pontiff. From the 8th century until 1870, the po ...
as a spoiled child. After protests, the BBC did not broadcast the show. In February 2004, Irish broadcaster Patricia Danaher reached an out-of-court settlement with Wax, who had falsely claimed Danaher had made "racist" and "anti-Semitic" remarks about her in an interview for
Ulster Television UTV (formerly Ulster Television, branded on air as ITV1 since 2020) is the ITV (TV network), ITV region covering Northern Ireland, ITV subsidiary and the former on-air name of the free-to-air public broadcast television channel serving the ar ...
. Wax's legal team apologised in court, accepted Danaher had made no racist or anti-Semitic statements, and announced there had been a financial settlement. In November 2005, Wax was criticised by the ''
Daily Mail The ''Daily Mail'' is a British daily Middle-market newspaper, middle-market Tabloid journalism, tabloid conservative newspaper founded in 1896 and published in London. , it has the List of newspapers in the United Kingdom by circulation, h ...
'' columnist Richard Kay for allegedly opposing a proposed disabled-access ramp for the Couper Collection charitable art gallery. The UK Sunday newspaper ''
The Observer ''The Observer'' is a British newspaper published on Sundays. First published in 1791, it is the world's oldest Sunday newspaper. In 1993 it was acquired by Guardian Media Group Limited, and operated as a sister paper to ''The Guardian'' ...
'' also reported the controversy. In 2006, Wax responded to the claims in the London ''
Evening Standard The ''London Standard'', formerly the ''Evening Standard'' (1904–2024) and originally ''The Standard'' (1827–1904), is a long-established regional newspaper published weekly and distributed free newspaper, free of charge in London, Engl ...
'': "Oh no, that's not true. That's so off the wall. Why would I object to a disabled ramp? It wasn't even about that." Wax appeared in a supporting role opposite Olivia Williams and Andie MacDowell in the 2005 film '' Tara Road''. In September and October 2005, she appeared as a celebrity contestant in '' Ant & Dec's Gameshow Marathon'', progressing through to '' Sale of the Century'' before getting knocked out. In summer 2006, she was a celebrity showjumper in the BBC's
Sport Relief ''Sport Relief'' was a wikt:biennial, biennial charity event from Comic Relief, in association with BBC Sport, established in 2002. It was the idea of Kevin Cahill, CBE, who had joined Comic Relief in 1991 to establish a new department as Dire ...
event ''Only Fools on Horses''. She presented '' Cirque de Celebrité'' on Sky One in 2006. Wax also appeared in an episode of ''Jackass'', participating in the Gumball 3000. While the race was stopped at the Latvian border she was wrestled by ''Jackass'' personality
Chris Pontius Chris Pontius (born July 16, 1974) is an American stunt performer and television personality. He is best known as a cast member of the reality comedy show '' Jackass'' and co-host of its spinoff '' Wildboyz'' with fellow cast member Steve-O. ...
. In March 2009, Wax returned to Comic Relief to take part in '' Comic Relief Does The Apprentice''. Wax appeared in the 2011 Comic Relief in ''Comic Relief Does Masterchef'' in which Wax prepared an appetiser for then Prime Minister
David Cameron David William Donald Cameron, Baron Cameron of Chipping Norton (born 9 October 1966) is a British politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 2010 to 2016. Until 2015, he led the first coalition government in the UK s ...
. On 1 April 2009, ''Ruby Wax Goes Dutch'' premiered on Dutch television network NET 5. She was appointed Chancellor of the
University of Southampton The University of Southampton (abbreviated as ''Soton'' in post-nominal letters) is a public university, public research university in Southampton, England. Southampton is a founding member of the Russell Group of research-intensive universit ...
, commencing duties on 1 May 2019. Wax teaches business communication in the public and private sectors. Clients include
Deutsche Bank Deutsche Bank AG (, ) is a Germany, German multinational Investment banking, investment bank and financial services company headquartered in Frankfurt, Germany, and dual-listed on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange and the New York Stock Exchange. ...
, the UK
Home Office The Home Office (HO), also known (especially in official papers and when referred to in Parliament) as the Home Department, is the United Kingdom's interior ministry. It is responsible for public safety and policing, border security, immigr ...
and
Skype Skype () was a proprietary telecommunications application operated by Skype Technologies, a division of Microsoft, best known for IP-based videotelephony, videoconferencing and voice calls. It also had instant messaging, file transfer, ...
. In September 2013, Wax graduated from
Kellogg College, Oxford Kellogg College is a graduate-only colleges of the University of Oxford, constituent college of the University of Oxford in England. Founded in 1990 as Rewley House, Kellogg is the university's 36th college and the largest by number of students ...
, with a master's degree in
mindfulness Mindfulness is the cognitive skill, usually developed through exercises, of sustaining metacognitive awareness towards the contents of one's own mind and bodily sensations in the present moment. The term ''mindfulness'' derives from the Pali ...
-based cognitive therapy. She had previously earned a postgraduate certificate in psychotherapy and counselling from
Regent's College Regent's University London (formerly Regent's College) is a private university located in London, England. It is part of Galileo Global Education, Europe’s largest higher education provider. Regent's University London was established in 1984 ...
in London. In 2016, Wax published her first mindfulness book, ''A Mindfulness Guide For The Frazzled,'' within which she sets out her own six-week mindfulness course with the blessing of Mark Williams, her professor at Oxford and co-creator of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy. After the 2020 lockdown period caused by the
COVID-19 pandemic The COVID-19 pandemic (also known as the coronavirus pandemic and COVID pandemic), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), began with an disease outbreak, outbreak of COVID-19 in Wuhan, China, in December ...
, her book ''And Now for the Good News...'' was published. Still related to
mindfulness Mindfulness is the cognitive skill, usually developed through exercises, of sustaining metacognitive awareness towards the contents of one's own mind and bodily sensations in the present moment. The term ''mindfulness'' derives from the Pali ...
, it discusses her discovery of new ways for
education Education is the transmission of knowledge and skills and the development of character traits. Formal education occurs within a structured institutional framework, such as public schools, following a curriculum. Non-formal education als ...
,
community A community is a social unit (a group of people) with a shared socially-significant characteristic, such as place, set of norms, culture, religion, values, customs, or identity. Communities may share a sense of place situated in a given g ...
, self-sustainability,
business Business is the practice of making one's living or making money by producing or Trade, buying and selling Product (business), products (such as goods and Service (economics), services). It is also "any activity or enterprise entered into for ...
or
volunteering Volunteering is an elective and freely chosen act of an individual or group giving their time and labor, often for community service. Many volunteers are specifically trained in the areas they work, such as medicine, education, or emergenc ...
to improve lives internationally. Her book ''A Mindfulness Guide For Survival'' was published in August 2021. She lectures at
Bangor University Bangor University () is a Public university, public Research university, research university in Bangor, Gwynedd, Wales. It was established by Royal charter, Royal Charter in 1885 as the University College of North Wales (UCNW; ), and in 1893 ...
and in 2022 received an honorary degree from the university.


Mental health campaigning

Wax has been open about her struggles with
bipolar disorder Bipolar disorder (BD), previously known as manic depression, is a mental disorder characterized by periods of Depression (mood), depression and periods of abnormally elevated Mood (psychology), mood that each last from days to weeks, and in ...
and depression. She made an online series on mental health issues for the BBC and has worked with mental health charities. Wax's 2010 stand-up show ''Losing It'' dealt with her mental health, including time she spent in a psychiatric clinic. Wax founded the mental health website (which is now part of the SANE mental health charity) in 2011 in response to the audience reaction from her theatre show. In 2013, Wax published ''Sane New World'', which became a number-one best-seller. It was followed in January 2016 by ''A Mindfulness Guide for the Frazzled''. In 2018 her third book on the subject of mental health came out: ''How to Be Human: The Manual'', written with the help of a
neuroscientist A neuroscientist (or neurobiologist) is a scientist specializing in neuroscience that deals with the anatomy and function of neurons, Biological neural network, neural circuits, and glia, and their Behavior, behavioral, biological, and psycholo ...
and a monk. In June 2015, Wax was appointed visiting professor in Mental Health Nursing at the
University of Surrey The University of Surrey is a public research university in Guildford, Surrey, England. The university received its Royal Charter, royal charter in 1966, along with a Plate glass university, number of other institutions following recommendations ...
. In the 2015 Special Honours, she was appointed an Honorary Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) for her services to mental health. In May 2023, Wax released her new book and accompanying audiobook ''I’m Not As Well As I Thought I Was'', which details her recent life including further time spent receiving psychiatric treatment and battles against depression. She toured a one-woman show based on the book.


Personal life

During her six years at the Royal Scottish Academy of Music and Drama,
Alan Rickman Alan Sidney Patrick Rickman (21 February 1946 – 14 January 2016) was an English actor and director. Known for his distinctive deep, wikt:languid#Etymology 1, languid voice, he trained at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art in London and b ...
, her flatmate and best friend, directed comedy shows written by Wax, casting
Zoe Wanamaker Zoe or variants may refer to: People * Zoe (name), including a list of people and fictional characters with the name ** Zoë (British singer) (Zoë Pollock, born 1969) ** Zoë (Austrian singer) (Zoë Straub, born 1996) Arts and entertainment ...
, David Suchet, Richard Griffiths, and
Jonathan Pryce Sir Jonathan Pryce (born John Price; 1 June 1947) is a Welsh actor. He is known for his performances on stage and in film and television. He has received numerous awards, including two Tony Awards and two Laurence Olivier Awards as well as nom ...
.
I made him laugh, and he made me think,...If I could make him laugh, it was a triumph. In fact, the only reason I went into comedy was to make Alan laugh
Wax is married to television producer and director Ed Bye. They have three children: Max (born 1988), Madeleine (born 1990), and Marina (born 1993). In an episode of the BBC's '' Who Do You Think You Are?'' in 2017, Wax revealed her great-grandmother and great-aunt had been committed to mental asylums in
Brno Brno ( , ; ) is a Statutory city (Czech Republic), city in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. Located at the confluence of the Svitava (river), Svitava and Svratka (river), Svratka rivers, Brno has about 403,000 inhabitants, making ...
and
Vienna Vienna ( ; ; ) is the capital city, capital, List of largest cities in Austria, most populous city, and one of Federal states of Austria, nine federal states of Austria. It is Austria's primate city, with just over two million inhabitants. ...
as they were incurably "agitated". In 2019, Wax fell off a horse while on holiday, severely injuring her back. She had to cancel her show ''How to Be Human'' at the
Edinburgh Festival Fringe The Edinburgh Festival Fringe (also referred to as the Edinburgh Fringe, the Fringe or the Edinburgh Fringe Festival) is the world's largest performance arts festival, which in 2024 spanned 25 days, sold more than 2.6 million tickets and featur ...
as a result of her injuries. Wax has been a naturalised British citizen since the 1970s, while retaining her American citizenship.


Filmography


Film


Television


Stage


Bibliography

* ''How Do You Want Me?'' (2002) * ''Sane New World'' (2013) * ''A Mindfulness Guide for the Frazzled'' (2016) * ''How to Be Human: The Manual'' (2018) * ''And Now for the Good News...: The Much-needed Tonic for Our Frazzled World'' (2020) * ''Mindfulness Guide for Survival'' (2021) * ''I’m Not As Well As I Thought I Was '' (2023)


References


External links

* – official site * * * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Wax, Ruby Living people 1953 births Academics of the University of Surrey Actresses from Evanston, Illinois Alumni of Regent's University London Alumni of the Royal Conservatoire of Scotland Alumni of Kellogg College, Oxford American emigrants to England American people of Austrian-Jewish descent American women comedians American television show creators British television show creators British actresses Comedians from Evanston, Illinois British women comedians Chancellors of the University of Southampton Evanston Township High School alumni Jewish American actresses Jewish American comedians Jewish women comedians Jewish British comedians Naturalised citizens of the United Kingdom Royal Shakespeare Company members UC Berkeley College of Letters and Science alumni Honorary officers of the Order of the British Empire