Rubratoxins are

hepatotoxic Hepatotoxicity (from ''hepatic toxicity'') implies chemical-driven liver damage. Drug-induced liver injury is a cause of acute and chronic liver disease caused specifically by medications and the most common reason for a drug to be withdrawn f ...

mycotoxin A mycotoxin (from the Greek μύκης , "fungus" and τοξίνη , "toxin") is a toxic secondary metabolite produced by organisms of kingdom Fungi and is capable of causing disease and death in both humans and other animals. The term 'mycotoxin' ...

produced by ''

Penicillium rubrum ''Penicillium rubrum'' is a species of fungus in the genus ''Penicillium'' which produces kojic acid, mitorubrin, mitorubrinol, rubratoxin A, rubratoxin B rubralactone, rubramin and occurs in grain corn and soybeans. ''Penicillium rubrum'' ...

'' and ''

Penicillium purpurogenum ''Penicillium purpurogenum'' is a plant pathogen infecting strawberries. It produces rubratoxin B, a mycotoxin with anticarcinogen An anticarcinogen (also known as a carcinopreventive agent) is a substance that counteracts the effects of a carci ...

.'' Rubratoxin A and rubratoxin B have been known since 1950s, while rubratoxin C was recently reported. Rubratoxins are also known as

protein phosphatase 2A Protein phosphatase 2A may refer to: * Protein phosphatase 2 Protein phosphatase 2 (PP2), also known as PP2A, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''PPP2CA'' gene. The PP2A heterotrimeric protein phosphatase is ubiquitously expressed ...

(PP2A) specific inhibitor. The PP2A inhibitory activity of rubratoxin A is about 100-fold higher than rubratoxin B and rubratoxin A is now used as a chemical probe for PP2A research. File:Rubratoxin A.png, Rubratoxin A File:Rubratoxin B revised.png, Rubratoxin B File:Rubratoxin C.png, Rubratoxin C

References

{{Reflist Mycotoxins Phosphatase inhibitors Acid anhydrides