''Oxynotus'' is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

shark Sharks are a group of elasmobranch cartilaginous fish characterized by a ribless endoskeleton, dermal denticles, five to seven gill slits on each side, and pectoral fins that are not fused to the head. Modern sharks are classified within the ...

s in the order

Squaliformes The Squaliformes are an order of sharks that includes about 126 species in seven families. Members of the order have two dorsal fins, which usually possess spines, they usually have a sharp head, no anal fin or nictitating membrane, and fi ...

, commonly known as the rough sharks. It is the only extant genus in the family Oxynotidae. They live in deep waters in the

Atlantic The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest of the world's five oceanic divisions, with an area of about . It covers approximately 17% of Earth's surface and about 24% of its water surface area. During the Age of Discovery, it was known for se ...

and western

Pacific Ocean The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five Borders of the oceans, oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean, or, depending on the definition, to Antarctica in the south, and is ...

s. Rough sharks are small to medium in size, ranging from in adult body length, depending on species. Their bodies are compressed, giving them a triangular cross-section. They have two large

dorsal fin A dorsal fin is a fin on the back of most marine and freshwater vertebrates. Dorsal fins have evolved independently several times through convergent evolution adapting to marine environments, so the fins are not all homologous. They are found ...

s, each with a sharp spine, and with the first fin placed far forward above the head. Even more so than their relatives, the dogfishes, they have rough and prickly skin. Unusually among sharks, they also possess a luminous organ.

Species

* ''

Oxynotus bruniensis The prickly dogfish (''Oxynotus bruniensis'') is a poorly known species of dogfish shark in the family Oxynotidae, inhabiting temperate Australian and New Zealand waters. Reaching a length of , this brown to gray shark has a very thick body wit ...

'' Ogilby, 1893 (prickly dogfish) * ''

Oxynotus caribbaeus The Caribbean roughshark (''Oxynotus caribbaeus'') is a rough shark of the family Oxynotidae, found on the upper continental slopes of the Caribbean Sea, at depths between . It reaches a length around . ''Oxynotus caribbaeus'' is thought to be ...

'' Cervigón, 1961 (Caribbean roughshark) * ''

Oxynotus crochardi ''Oxynotus'' is a genus of sharks in the order Squaliformes, commonly known as the rough sharks. It is the only extant genus in the family Oxynotidae. They live in deep waters in the Atlantic and western Pacific Oceans. Rough sharks are small ...

'' * ''

Oxynotus centrina The angular roughshark (''Oxynotus centrina'') is a rough shark of the family (biology), family Oxynotidae. Taxonomy Biologist Carl Linnaeus described the angular roughshark, ''O. centrina'', in 1758. This name was finalized and accepted by ...

Linnaeus Carl Linnaeus (23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné,#Blunt, Blunt (2004), p. 171. was a Swedish biologist and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the modern system of naming o ...

1758 Events January–March * January 1 – Swedish biologist Carl Linnaeus (Carl von Linné) publishes in Stockholm the first volume (''Animalia'') of the 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'', the starting point of modern zoologic ...

(angular roughshark) * ''

Oxynotus japonicus The Japanese roughshark (''Oxynotus japonicus'') is a rare species of shark in the family Oxynotidae, known only from a handful of specimens recovered from Suruga Bay and the Enshunada Sea off Japan. It is a benthic species that occurs at a dep ...

'' Ka. Yano & Murofushi, 1985 (Japanese roughshark) * ''

Oxynotus paradoxus ''Oxynotus'' is a genus of sharks in the order Squaliformes, commonly known as the rough sharks. It is the monotypic, only extant genus in the family Oxynotidae. They live in deep waters in the Atlantic and western Pacific Oceans. Rough sharks ...

'' Frade, 1929 (sailfin roughshark)

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q731529 Aquitanian genus first appearances Extant Miocene first appearances Marine fish genera Shark genera Taxa named by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque

Species

See also

References