Rottweil is a
''Landkreis'' (district) in the middle of
Baden-Württemberg
Baden-Württemberg ( ; ), commonly shortened to BW or BaWü, is a states of Germany, German state () in Southwest Germany, east of the Rhine, which forms the southern part of Germany's western border with France. With more than 11.07 million i ...
,
Germany
Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It lies between the Baltic Sea and the North Sea to the north and the Alps to the south. Its sixteen States of Germany, constituent states have a total popu ...
. It is part of the Schwarzwald-Baar-Heuberg region in the
Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald regional district. Neighboring districts are (from north clockwise)
Freudenstadt,
Zollernalbkreis,
Tuttlingen,
Schwarzwald-Baar and
Ortenaukreis.
History
The district dates back to the ''Oberamt Rottweil'', which was created in 1806/08 when the previously free imperial city Rottweil became part of
Württemberg
Württemberg ( ; ) is a historical German territory roughly corresponding to the cultural and linguistic region of Swabia. The main town of the region is Stuttgart.
Together with Baden and Province of Hohenzollern, Hohenzollern, two other histo ...
. In 1934 it was renamed to ''Landkreis'' (district). 1938 the two neighboring districts Sulz and Oberndorf were dissolved, and most of the district Oberndorf and a small part of Sulz was added to the district Rottweil. During
World War II
World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...
, a series of
Nazi concentration camps
From 1933 to 1945, Nazi Germany operated more than a thousand concentration camps (), including subcamp (SS), subcamps on its own territory and in parts of German-occupied Europe.
The first camps were established in March 1933 immediately af ...
, collectively known as KZ Schörzingen-Rottweil-Zepfenhan, were located in the area. In 1973 in another communal reform several municipalities from the districts Horb, Wolfach, Hechingen and Villingendorf were added.
Geography
The district covers part of the mountains of the
Black Forest
The Black Forest ( ) is a large forested mountain range in the States of Germany, state of Baden-Württemberg in southwest Germany, bounded by the Rhine Valley to the west and south and close to the borders with France and Switzerland. It is th ...
and the
Swabian Alb. The
Neckar River bisects the district from south to north as it flows towards the
Rhine River.
Economy
Today, the economy of Rottweil is predominantly
medium-sized.
The town of
Rottweil, the oldest town in Baden-Württemberg, used to be a flourishing
imperial city during the
Middle Ages
In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the 5th to the late 15th centuries, similarly to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire and ...
.
The annual average unemployment rate in Rottweil was 3.4 Percent in 2019.
Coat of arms
The imperial eagle in the coat of arms derives from the coat of arms of the free imperial city Rottweil. Below the eagle is a deer antler, the symbol of Württemberg, as part of the district belonged to the kingdom Württemberg well before Rottweil itself became part of it. The shield on the breast of the eagle show the colors of
Austria
Austria, formally the Republic of Austria, is a landlocked country in Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine Federal states of Austria, states, of which the capital Vienna is the List of largest cities in Aust ...
, symbolizing the area around the city of Oberndorf which was acquired by Austria in 1381.
Towns and municipalities
References
External links
Official website
History and territory of the former Reichsstadt Rottweil
{{coord, 48.17, N, 8.63, E, source:dewiki_region:DE-BW_type:adm2nd, display=title
Freiburg (region)
Districts of Baden-Württemberg