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''Ropalidia'' is a large genus of
Pictorial key to species of the genus ''Ropalidia'' Guérin-Méneville, 1831 (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) from China, with description of one new species
Vespidae (Hymenoptera) of Vietnam 3: Synoptic key to Vietnamese species of the polistine genus ''Ropalidia'', with notes on taxonomy and distribution
Taxonomic notes on the paper wasps of the genus ''Ropalidia'' in the Indian subcontinent (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)
Revision of the mainland African species of the Old World social wasp genus Ropalidia Guérin-Méneville 1831 (Hymenoptera; Vespidae)
''Ropalidia'' is a large genus of eusocial
Eusociality ( Greek 'good' and social) is the highest level of organization of sociality. It is defined by the following characteristics: cooperative brood care (including care of offspring from other individuals), overlapping generations wit ...
paper wasps (Polistinae
The Polistinae is a subfamily of eusocial wasps belonging to the family Vespidae. They are closely related to the wasps (“yellowjackets” as they are called in North America) and true hornets of the subfamily Vespinae, containing four tribes ...
) in the tribe
The term tribe is used in many different contexts to refer to a category of human social group. The predominant worldwide use of the term in English is in the discipline of anthropology. The definition is contested, in part due to conflict ...
Ropalidiini
Ropalidiini is a tribe of social wasps inhabiting the Afrotropical, Indomalayan and Australasian biogeographical regions.
Genera and selected species
*'' Belonogaster''
**'' Belonogaster juncea'' (Fabricius, 1781)
**''Belonogaster petiolata'' ...
distributed throughout the Afrotropical
The Afrotropical realm is one of the Earth's eight biogeographic realms. It includes Sub-Saharan Africa, the southern Arabian Peninsula, the island of Madagascar, and the islands of the western Indian Ocean. It was formerly known as the Ethiopi ...
, Indomalayan
The Indomalayan realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms. It extends across most of South and Southeast Asia and into the southern parts of East Asia.
Also called the Oriental realm by biogeographers, Indomalaya spreads all over the Ind ...
and Australasia
Australasia is a subregion of Oceania, comprising Australia, New Zealand (overlapping with Polynesia), and sometimes including New Guinea and surrounding islands (overlapping with Melanesia). The term is used in a number of different context ...
n biogeographical regions. The genus ''Ropalidia ''is unusual because it contains both independent and swarm-founding species. ''Ropalidia romandi
''Ropalidia romandi'', also known as the yellow brown paper wasp or the yellow paper wasp. is a species of paper wasp found in Northern and Eastern Australia. ''R. romandi ''is a swarm-founding wasp, and manages perennial nests. Its nests are kn ...
'' is one of the swarm founding species, meaning that new nests are founded by a large group of workers with a smaller number of inseminated females (egg-laying foundresses), while '' Ropalidia revolutionalis'' is independent-founding, meaning that each nest is founded by a single foundress.
Description
''Ropalidia'' can be distinguished from other genera in the tribe by: thepronotum
The prothorax is the foremost of the three segments in the thorax of an insect, and bears the first pair of legs. Its principal sclerites (exoskeletal plates) are the pronotum (dorsal), the prosternum (ventral), and the propleuron (lateral) on e ...
having a dorsal carina but lacking a pretegular carina, the first metasoma
The metasoma is the posterior part of the body, or tagma (biology), tagma, of arthropods whose body is composed of three parts, the other two being the prosoma and the mesosoma. In insects, it contains most of the digestive tract, respiratory sy ...
l segment being petiolate but (in dorsal view) not parallel-sided, and the mesepisternum lacking a scrobal sulcus.
Species
* ''Ropalidia aethiopica
''Ropalidia'' is a large genus of eusocial paper wasps (Polistinae) in the tribe Ropalidiini distributed throughout the Afrotropical, Indomalayan and Australasian biogeographical regions. The genus ''Ropalidia ''is unusual because it contains ...
''
* '' Ropalidia albobalteata''
* '' Ropalidia acuminata''
* '' Ropalidia amabala''
* '' Ropalidia amanhii''
* '' Ropalidia anarchica''
* '' Ropalidia andamanensis''
* '' Ropalidia antennata''
* '' Ropalidia aristocratica''
* '' Ropalidia artifex''
* '' Ropalidia atra''
* ''Ropalidia aulaeum
''Ropalidia'' is a large genus of eusociality, eusocial paper wasps (Polistinae) in the tribe (biology), tribe Ropalidiini distributed throughout the Afrotropical, Indomalayan and Australasian biogeographical regions. The genus ''Ropalidia '' ...
''
* ''Ropalidia australis
''Ropalidia'' is a large genus of eusocial paper wasps (Polistinae) in the tribe Ropalidiini distributed throughout the Afrotropical, Indomalayan and Australasian biogeographical regions. The genus ''Ropalidia ''is unusual because it contains ...
''
* ''Ropalidia baki
''Ropalidia'' is a large genus of eusocial paper wasps (Polistinae) in the tribe Ropalidiini distributed throughout the Afrotropical, Indomalayan and Australasian biogeographical regions. The genus ''Ropalidia ''is unusual because it contains ...
''
* ''Ropalidia bambusae
''Ropalidia'' is a large genus of eusocial paper wasps (Polistinae) in the tribe Ropalidiini distributed throughout the Afrotropical, Indomalayan and Australasian biogeographical regions. The genus ''Ropalidia ''is unusual because it contains ...
''
* '' Ropalidia barbata''
* '' Ropalidia bensoni''
* ''Ropalidia bicincta
''Ropalidia'' is a large genus of eusociality, eusocial paper wasps (Polistinae) in the tribe (biology), tribe Ropalidiini distributed throughout the Afrotropical, Indomalayan and Australasian biogeographical regions. The genus ''Ropalidia '' ...
''
* '' Ropalidia bicolor''
* '' Ropalidia bicolorata''
* '' Ropalidia bidens''
* '' Ropalidia binghami''
* '' Ropalidia bipartita''
* '' Ropalidia bispinosa''
* '' Ropalidia brazzai''
* '' Ropalidia brevita''
* '' Ropalidia brunnea''
* '' Ropalidia caesariata''
* '' Ropalidia canaria''
* '' Ropalidia capensis''
* '' Ropalidia carinata''
* '' Ropalidia catharinae''
* '' Ropalidia cauponae''
* '' Ropalidia celebensis''
* '' Ropalidia chromis''
* '' Ropalidia cincinnata''
* '' Ropalidia cincta''
* '' Ropalidia clavata''
* '' Ropalidia clepsydra''
* '' Ropalidia clypeata''
* '' Ropalidia cocoscola''
* '' Ropalidia colorata''
* '' Ropalidia conservator''
* '' Ropalidia conspicua''
* '' Ropalidia constitutionalis''
* '' Ropalidia copelandi''
* '' Ropalidia copiaria''
* '' Ropalidia crassa''
* '' Ropalidia crassipunctata''
* '' Ropalidia cristata''
* '' Ropalidia curvilineata''
* '' Ropalidia cyathiformis''
* '' Ropalidia darwini''
* '' Ropalidia deceptor''
* '' Ropalidia decorata''
* '' Ropalidia deminutiva''
* '' Ropalidia democratica''
* '' Ropalidia dichroma''
* '' Ropalidia dispila''
* '' Ropalidia distigma''
* '' Ropalidia dondo''
* '' Ropalidia dubia''
* '' Ropalidia ducalis''
* '' Ropalidia duchaussoyi''
* '' Ropalidia eboraca''
* '' Ropalidia elegantula''
* '' Ropalidia erythrospila''
* '' Ropalidia eurostoma''
* '' Ropalidia excavata''
* '' Ropalidia extrema''
* ''Ropalidia fasciata
''Ropalidia fasciata'', a common paper wasp, is a wide-ranging species that is distributed from India to the Lesser Sunda Islands, Palawan, and Ryukyu Islands, occupying the northern edge of ''Ropalidia''s larger distribution. These primitively ...
''
* '' Ropalidia favulorum''
* '' Ropalidia festina''
* '' Ropalidia fita''
* '' Ropalidia flavobrunnea''
* '' Ropalidia flavopicta''
* '' Ropalidia flavoviridis''
* '' Ropalidia flavoscutellata''
* '' Ropalidia fluviatilis''
* '' Ropalidia formosa''
* '' Ropalidia fraterna''
* '' Ropalidia fulvopruinosa''
* '' Ropalidia galimatia''
* '' Ropalidia gemmea''
* ''Ropalidia gracilenta
''Ropalidia'' is a large genus of eusocial paper wasps (Polistinae) in the tribe Ropalidiini distributed throughout the Afrotropical, Indomalayan and Australasian biogeographical regions. The genus ''Ropalidia ''is unusual because it contains ...
''
* '' Ropalidia gracilis''
* '' Ropalidia grandidieri''
* '' Ropalidia granulata''
* '' Ropalidia gregaria''
* '' Ropalidia guttatipennis''
* '' Ropalidia haladaorum''
* '' Ropalidia hastata''
* '' Ropalidia hirsuta''
* '' Ropalidia hongkongensis''
* '' Ropalidia horni''
* '' Ropalidia impetuosa''
* '' Ropalidia incurva''
* '' Ropalidia inquieta''
* '' Ropalidia interjecta''
* '' Ropalidia interrupta''
* '' Ropalidia irrequieta''
* '' Ropalidia irritata''
* '' Ropalidia jacobsoni''
* '' Ropalidia jaculator''
* '' Ropalidia javanica''
* '' Ropalidia jemmae''
* '' Ropalidia kitui''
* '' Ropalidia kojimai''
* '' Ropalidia kuficha''
* '' Ropalidia kurandae''
* '' Ropalidia latebalteata''
* '' Ropalidia latetergum''
* '' Ropalidia laticincta''
* '' Ropalidia lefebvrei''
* '' Ropalidia leopoldi''
* '' Ropalidia lepida''
* '' Ropalidia linearecta''
* '' Ropalidia longipetiolata''
* '' Ropalidia loriana''
* '' Ropalidia luculenta''
* '' Ropalidia lugubris''
* '' Ropalidia luzonensis''
* '' Ropalidia mabawa''
* '' Ropalidia mackayensis''
* '' Ropalidia macloutsie''
* '' Ropalidia maculata''
* '' Ropalidia maculiventris''
* '' Ropalidia makore''
* '' Ropalidia magnanima''
* '' Ropalidia malaisei''
* '' Ropalidia malayana''
* '' Ropalidia mangoflava''
* ''Ropalidia marginata
''Ropalidia marginata'' is an Old World species of paper wasp. It is primitively eusocial, not showing the same bias in brood care seen in other social insects with greater asymmetry in relatedness. The species employs a variety of colony foundi ...
''
* '' Ropalidia mathematica''
* '' Ropalidia melania''
* '' Ropalidia merina''
* '' Ropalidia mimikae''
* '' Ropalidia minor''
* '' Ropalidia modesta''
* '' Ropalidia montana''
* '' Ropalidia mosichi''
* '' Ropalidia mutabilis''
* '' Ropalidia mysterica''
* '' Ropalidia nigerrima''
* '' Ropalidia nigra''
* '' Ropalidia nigrescens''
* '' Ropalidia nigrior''
* '' Ropalidia nigrita''
* '' Ropalidia nigrofemorata''
* '' Ropalidia nigrocerasina''
* '' Ropalidia nilssoni''
* '' Ropalidia nitidula''
* ''Ropalidia nobilis
''Ropalidia'' is a large genus of eusociality, eusocial paper wasps (Polistinae) in the tribe (biology), tribe Ropalidiini distributed throughout the Afrotropical, Indomalayan and Australasian biogeographical regions. The genus ''Ropalidia '' ...
''
* '' Ropalidia novaeguinaea''
* '' Ropalidia novissima''
* '' Ropalidia nubila''
* '' Ropalidia nursei''
* '' Ropalidia obscura''
* '' Ropalidia obscurior''
* '' Ropalidia ochracea''
* '' Ropalidia ophuzi''
* '' Ropalidia opifex''
* '' Ropalidia opulenta''
* '' Ropalidia ornaticeps''
* '' Ropalidia palawana''
* '' Ropalidia papuana''
* '' Ropalidia pendula''
* '' Ropalidia perovici''
* '' Ropalidia perplexa''
* '' Ropalidia petulans''
* '' Ropalidia phalansterica''
* '' Ropalidia philippinensis''
* '' Ropalidia pilosa''
* '' Ropalidia plebeja''
* ''Ropalidia plebeiana
''Ropalidia plebeiana'' is a eusocial temperate paper wasp. It is unique, as it is the only temperate wasp in the typically tropical Ropalidia genus. ''R. plebeiana'' is widely distributed in eastern Australia, and recently have been found ma ...
''
* '' Ropalidia politica''
* '' Ropalidia prasina''
* '' Ropalidia principalis''
* '' Ropalidia proletaria''
* '' Ropalidia pseudomalayana''
* '' Ropalidia pulchella''
* '' Ropalidia ranavali''
* '' Ropalidia reactionalis''
* '' Ropalidia regina''
* '' Ropalidia revolutionalis''
* '' Ropalidia retromaculata''
* ''Ropalidia romandi
''Ropalidia romandi'', also known as the yellow brown paper wasp or the yellow paper wasp. is a species of paper wasp found in Northern and Eastern Australia. ''R. romandi ''is a swarm-founding wasp, and manages perennial nests. Its nests are kn ...
''
* '' Ropalidia rosae''
* '' Ropalidia rufocollaris''
* '' Ropalidia rufoplagiata''
* '' Ropalidia sakalava''
* '' Ropalidia salebrosa''
* '' Ropalidia sandamara''
* '' Ropalidia santoshae''
* '' Ropalidia saussurei''
* '' Ropalidia schulthessi''
* '' Ropalidia scitula''
* '' Ropalidia scottiana''
* '' Ropalidia sculpturata''
* '' Ropalidia semihyalineata''
* '' Ropalidia sericea''
* '' Ropalidia sexmaculata''
* '' Ropalidia shestakowi''
* '' Ropalidia socialis''
* '' Ropalidia socialistica''
* '' Ropalidia soikae''
* '' Ropalidia spatulata''
* '' Ropalidia spilostoma''
* '' Ropalidia stigma''
* '' Ropalidia subclavata''
* '' Ropalidia sumatrae''
* '' Ropalidia taiwana''
* '' Ropalidia tajiri''
* '' Ropalidia tenebrica''
* '' Ropalidia tenuipilosa''
* '' Ropalidia thailandia''
* '' Ropalidia timida''
* '' Ropalidia tomentosa''
* '' Ropalidia trichophthalma''
* '' Ropalidia trimaculata''
* '' Ropalidia turneri''
* '' Ropalidia unicolor''
* '' Ropalidia unidentata''
* '' Ropalidia valentula''
* '' Ropalidia variabilis''
* '' Ropalidia variegata''
* '' Ropalidia velutina''
* '' Ropalidia venustula''
* '' Ropalidia vietnama''
* '' Ropalidia vitripennis''
* '' Ropalidia wollastoni''
* '' Ropalidia zonata''
Identification
Pictorial key to species of the genus ''Ropalidia'' Guérin-Méneville, 1831 (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) from China, with description of one new species
Vespidae (Hymenoptera) of Vietnam 3: Synoptic key to Vietnamese species of the polistine genus ''Ropalidia'', with notes on taxonomy and distribution
Taxonomic notes on the paper wasps of the genus ''Ropalidia'' in the Indian subcontinent (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)
Revision of the mainland African species of the Old World social wasp genus Ropalidia Guérin-Méneville 1831 (Hymenoptera; Vespidae)
References
{{Authority control Vespidae Hymenoptera genera Taxa named by Félix Édouard Guérin-Méneville