Romney's House at 5 Holly Bush Hill,

Hampstead Hampstead () is an area in London, England, which lies northwest of Charing Cross, located mainly in the London Borough of Camden, with a small part in the London Borough of Barnet. It borders Highgate and Golders Green to the north, Belsiz ...

, Camden, London was the home of the artist George Romney and then of the architect

Clough Williams-Ellis Sir Bertram Clough Williams-Ellis, Order of the British Empire, CBE, Military Cross, MC (28 May 1883 – 9 April 1978) was a Welsh architect known chiefly as the creator of the Italianate architecture, Italianate village of Portmeirion in North ...

. It is a

Grade I In the United Kingdom, a listed building is a structure of particular architectural or historic interest deserving of special protection. Such buildings are placed on one of the four statutory lists maintained by Historic England in England, H ...

listed building. The house was designed for Romney by Samuel Bunce in 1797–8, as a studio and gallery. It was constructed on the site of the stables of an eighteenth century mansion, No.6 The Mount. Sold by Romney some years before his death, it was then used as The Hampstead Assembly Rooms. In 1929–30, the house was substantially remodelled by Clough Williams-Ellis as his own home and as the office for his practice. The house is now subdivided, part being run as a

public house A pub (short for public house) is in several countries a drinking establishment licensed to serve alcoholic drinks for consumption Licensing laws of the United Kingdom#On-licence, on the premises. The term first appeared in England in the ...

, and part in use as a private residence.

History

18th-19th centuries

The portrait painter George Romney bought the original house in 1796, at the age of 61, having previously lived at 32

Cavendish Square Cavendish Square is a public square, public garden square in Marylebone in the West End of London. It has a double-helix underground commercial car park. Its northern road forms ends of four streets: of Wigmore Street that runs to Portman Square ...

in London. A memoir of Romney was written by his son John and published in 1830, in which John describes dissuading George from buying four acres of land on

Edgware Road Edgware Road is a major road in London, England. The route originated as part of Roman Watling Street and, unusually in London, it runs for in an almost perfectly straight line. Forming part of the modern A5 road, Edgware Road undergoes sever ...

on which to build a house, which John feared would be "attended with more expense than his limited circumstance would allow." Romney was instead persuaded to buy the house on Holly Bush Hill and add a "gallery and painting-room at small expense." The house was bought for some £700 () and his brother remarked that another £500 would have added a gallery to the house which "would have answered all his purposes." John described Romney as being under the influence of "some worthless people, who profited by his imprudence." The original house had at the time of Romney's purchase "a very large garden pleasantly situated, and an excellent stable, coach house ... situated above the garden on top of the hill." Romney demolished the stable, constructed a new stable on adjoining ground, and built a "whimsical structure, consisting chiefly of a picture and statue gallery" and a "wooden arcade for a riding house" and on the site of the old stable. In the course of the building works Romney removed some paintings and put them outside, where some were damaged by frost, and others were stolen. One of the pictures damaged was ''Nature Unveiling Herself to Shakespeare'', which had been mentioned in poetry by

Helen Maria Williams Helen Maria Williams (17 June 1759 – 15 December 1827) was a British novelist, poet, and translator of French-language works. A religious dissenter, she was a supporter of abolitionism and of the ideals of the French Revolution; she was imp ...

. The building works cost Romney £2733 (). The arcade extension later sold for £357 () and the original house for close to the £700 purchase price. Romney sold the house in 1799, three years before his death. In 1807 the house was further enlarged to form the Hampstead Assembly Rooms with a tea room, ballroom and card room. A

London County Council The London County Council (LCC) was the principal local government body for the County of London throughout its existence from 1889 to 1965, and the first London-wide general municipal authority to be directly elected. It covered the area today ...

blue plaque A blue plaque is a permanent sign installed in a public place in the United Kingdom, and certain other countries and territories, to commemorate a link between that location and a famous person, event, or former building on the site, serving a ...

, placed in 1908, commemorates Romney's residence.

20th-21st centuries

In 1929 the house was bought by

for use as his home and as the office for his architectural practice. The English section of an international writers organisation called "For Intellectual Liberty" was hosted by the Williams-Ellises' at the house and Williams-Ellis entertained a number of prominent writers there including

Cecil Day-Lewis Cecil Day-Lewis (or Day Lewis; 27 April 1904 – 22 May 1972), often written as C. Day-Lewis, was an Anglo-Irish poet and Poet Laureate of the United Kingdom from 1968 until his death in 1972. He also wrote mystery stories under the pseudony ...

Goronwy Rees Morgan Goronwy Rees (29 November 1909 – 12 December 1979) was a Welsh journalist, academic and writer. Background Rees was born in Aberystwyth, the son of Apphla Mary James and Richard Jenkyn Rees, a minister of the Tabernacle Calvinistic M ...

and

Rose Macaulay Dame Emilie Rose Macaulay, (1 August 1881 – 30 October 1958) was an English writer, most noted for her award-winning novel ''The Towers of Trebizond'', about a small Anglo-Catholic group crossing Turkey by camel. The story is seen as a spiri ...

. The artist

Ethelbert White Ethelbert White (26 February 1891 - 5 March 1972) was an English artist and wood engraver. He was an early member of the Society of Wood EngraversJoanna Selborne, ‘The Society of Wood Engravers: the early years’ in ''Craft History 1'' (1988) ...

painted a portrait of Romney's House in 1940. The interior of Romney's House was redesigned by 6a architects in 2012. The Assembly Room was divided into two bedrooms, divided by a curving full height partition, and a staircase tower was added to unite the different levels of the house. In July 2012 the house was stormed by armed police after reports that guns had been fired in the area.

Description

The site for Romney's house was the stables of Cloth Hill, "a fine mansion of 1694". The house was designed by Samuel Bunce as a two-storeyed terraced house with a timber frame, weatherboarding and a slate roof. The façade is symmetrical, with three windows and a central door, with a hood and

fanlight A fanlight is a form of lunette window (transom window), often semicircular or semi-elliptical in shape, with glazing (window), glazing bars or tracery sets radiating out like an open Hand fan, fan. It is placed over another window or a doorway, ...

. Romney's stables were extended in the early nineteenth century when the house was converted for use as an assembly rooms. This extension contains a geometrical staircase. When Clough Williams-Ellis bought the house in the early twentieth century, further substantial alterations were undertaken. It was again remodelled in the early twenty-first century when it was re-converted to a private house, and the stables were redesigned as a

. Pevsner describes the building as "picturesque and weatherboarded".

Notes

References

* {{cite book , last1 = Cherry , first1 = Bridget , last2 = Pevsner , first2 = Nikolaus , authorlink2 = Nikolaus Pevsner , year = 1999 , title = London 4: North , series = The Buildings of England , url = https://archive.org/details/london4north0000unse , publisher = Yale University Press , isbn = 978-0-300-09653-8 , url-access = registration

External links

The Romney SocietyEthelbert White's 1940 painting of Romney's House
Houses completed in the 18th century Artists' studios in London Grade I listed buildings in the London Borough of Camden Grade I listed houses Houses in Hampstead