The Romanian Constitution (Article 62) provides seats in the

Chamber of Deputies The chamber of deputies is the lower house in many bicameral legislatures and the sole house in some unicameral legislatures. Description Historically, French Chamber of Deputies was the lower house of the French Parliament during the Bourb ...

for representatives of

ethnic minorities in Romania About 9.3% of Romania's population is represented by minorities (the rest of 77.7% being Romanians), and 13% unknown or undisclosed according to 2021 census. The principal minorities in Romania are Romani people, and Hungarians ( Szeklers, Csan ...

(with the limitation that each national minority is to be represented by one organization only). Minority organizations are exempt from the electoral threshold, and are guaranteed a seat so long as they earn at least 10% of the vote that was required for the last party eligible to earn a seat through the threshold. The representatives elected in this manner sit in the Parliamentary Group of National Minorities () in the Chamber of Deputies; the Group traditionally give

confidence and supply In parliamentary system, parliamentary democracies based on the Westminster system, confidence and supply is an arrangement under which a minority government (one which does not control a majority in the legislature) receives the support of one ...

to the government."Minoritățile nu participă la viitoarea guvernare" ("Minorities Will Not Participate in the Next Government")
''Ziarul Financiar'', 5 December 2008; accessed October 15, 2009 The number of seats awarded to ethnic minorities varied from 10 in

1990 Important events of 1990 include the Reunification of Germany and the unification of Yemen, the formal beginning of the Human Genome Project (finished in 2003), the launch of the Hubble Space Telescope, the separation of Namibia from South ...

to 19 since

2024 The year saw the list of ongoing armed conflicts, continuation of major armed conflicts, including the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the Myanmar civil war (2021–present), Myanmar civil war, the Sudanese civil war (2023–present), Sudane ...

onwards.

List of parties

The following are members of the National Minority Parliamentary Group which hold or formerly held a seat in the

. Beyond the groups sitting in Parliament based on the minority party exemption, the

Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania The Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania (DAHR; , RMDSZ ; , UDMR) is a political party in Romania which aims to represent the significant Hungarian minority of Romania. Officially considering itself a federation of minority interests ra ...

(, , RMDSZ) is a centre-right party representing the much larger Hungarian community. It has been represented in both the Chamber of Deputies and Senate continuously since 1990 competing as an ordinary party. Previously, a number of political parties represented Romania's ethnic minorities—particularly

Hungarians Hungarians, also known as Magyars, are an Ethnicity, ethnic group native to Hungary (), who share a common Culture of Hungary, culture, Hungarian language, language and History of Hungary, history. They also have a notable presence in former pa ...

Germans Germans (, ) are the natives or inhabitants of Germany, or sometimes more broadly any people who are of German descent or native speakers of the German language. The Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany, constitution of Germany, imple ...

, and

Jews Jews (, , ), or the Jewish people, are an ethnoreligious group and nation, originating from the Israelites of History of ancient Israel and Judah, ancient Israel and Judah. They also traditionally adhere to Judaism. Jewish ethnicity, rel ...

—until the suppression of all political parties other than the ruling

National Renaissance Front The National Renaissance Front (, FRN; also translated as ''Front of National Regeneration'', ''Front of National Rebirth'', ''Front of National Resurrection'', or ''Front of National Renaissance'') was a Romanian political party created by King Ca ...

in 1938. Some minority organizations allied to the

Romanian Communist Party The Romanian Communist Party ( ; PCR) was a communist party in Romania. The successor to the pro-Bolshevik wing of the Socialist Party of Romania, it gave an ideological endorsement to a communist revolution that would replace the social system ...

, such as the

Hungarian People's Union The Hungarian People's Union (, MNSZ; , UPM) was a left-wing political party active in Romania between 1934 and 1953 that claimed to represent the Hungarian minority in Romania, Hungarian community. Until 1944, it was called the Union of Hungarian ...

and

Jewish Democratic Committee The Jewish Democratic Committee or Democratic Jewish Committee (, CDE, also ''Comitetul Democrat Evreesc'', ''Comitetul Democratic Evreiesc''; ; , DZSK) was a left-wing political party which sought to represent History of the Jews in Romania, Jewis ...

, survived until their suppression in 1953.

Active

* Association of Italians of Romania (held 1 seat since 2004 election) *

Association of Macedonians of Romania The Association of Macedonians of Romania (, AMR; , DMR) is an Romanian ethnic minorities parties, ethnic minority political party in Romania representing the Macedonians of Romania, Macedonian community. History The party was created in 2000. I ...

Bulgarian Union of Banat–Romania The Bulgarian Union of Banat–Romania (, UBB-R; , BSB-R) is an ethnic minority political party in Romania representing the Bulgarian community. History The UBB-R contested the 1990 general elections, and despite receiving only 3,451 votes (0. ...

(held 1 seat since 1990 election) *

Community of the Lipovan Russians in Romania The Community of the Lipovan Russians in Romania (, CRL; , ORL) is an ethnic minority political party in Romania representing the Lipovan community. History Established on 14 January 1990, the CRLR took part in the May 1990 general elections. ...

(held 1 seat since 1990 election) *

Cultural Union of Ruthenians of Romania The Cultural Union of Ruthenians of Romania (, UCRR; , KTRR) is an ethnic minority political party in Romania representing the Rusyn community. History The AIR was established in 2000. It contested the 2000 general elections, and despite recei ...

Democratic Forum of Germans in Romania The Democratic Forum of Germans in Romania (, DFDR; , FDGR; in short or ) is a political party (legally recognized as an association of public utility according to the governmental decision HG 599 as per 4 June 2008) organised on ethnic criteria ...

(held 1 seat since 1990 election) * Democratic Turkish Union of Romania (held 1 seat since 1990 election) *

Democratic Union of Slovaks and Czechs of Romania The Democratic Union of Slovaks and Czechs of Romania (, UDSCR; , DSSCR; , DZSCR) is an ethnic minority political party in Romania representing the Czech and Slovak communities. History Established on 4 January 1990 in Nădlac, the UDSCR contes ...

* Democratic Union of Turkic-Muslim Tatars of Romania *

Federation of the Jewish Communities in Romania The Federation of the Jewish Communities in Romania (, FCER) is a cultural association in Romania representing the Jewish community. The FCER has right to one seat in the Chamber of Deputies. History The organisation was originally founded as the ...

(held 1 seat since 1996 election) *

Forum of Czechs in Romania Forum or The Forum may refer to: Common uses *Forum (legal), designated space for public expression in the United States *Forum (Roman), open public space within a Roman city **Roman Forum, most famous example * Internet forum, discussion board ...

Hellenic Union of Romania The Hellenic Union of Romania (, UER; , EER) is an ethnic minority political party in Romania representing the Greek community. History The UER contested the 1990 general elections, and despite receiving only 0.04% of the vote, it won a singl ...

(held 1 seat since 1990 election) *

League of Albanians of Romania The League of Albanians of Romania (, ALAR; , LSR) is an ethnic minority political party in Romania representing the Albanian community. History The ALAR was established on 30 June 1999. In the 2000 general elections it defeated the Cultural ...

Party of the Roma The Party of the Roma (, PRPE; ), known until 2008 as Social Democratic Party of the Roma (, PRS-D), is a political party in Romania representing the Romani minority. Its leader is Nicolae Păun, and it currently has one reserved seat in the ...

(held 1 seat since 1992 election) *

Union of Armenians of Romania The Union of Armenians of Romania (, UAR; , RHM) is an ethnic minority political party in Romania representing the Armenian community. History The UAR contested the 1990 general elections, and despite receiving only 399 votes (0.003%),< ...

* Union of Croatians of Romania *

Union of Poles of Romania The Union of Poles of Romania (, UPR; ), or Dom Polski, is an ethnic minority political party in Romania representing the Polish community. History The UPR was registered on 16 March 1990. Xenia Grabska-Stoica was the first president of ...

(held 1 seat since 1990 election) *

Union of Serbs of Romania The Union of Serbs of Romania (, SSR; , USR) is a political party representing the Serbian minority in Romania. It was founded in 1989 by a Romanian-Serbian writer, Slavomir Gvozdenovici. The party used to be known as Democratic Union of Serbs in ...

(held 1 seat since 1990 election) *

Union of the Ukrainians of Romania The Union of the Ukrainians of Romania (, UUR; , SUR) is an ethnic minority political party in Romania representing the Ukrainian community. History The UUR contested the 1990 general elections, and despite receiving only 16,179 votes (0.1 ...

Defunct

* Bratstvo Community of Bulgarians in Romania (defunct) 1996-2000 * Cultural Union of Albanians of Romania (defunct) 1996-2000

Gallery

References

Political parties A political party is an organization that coordinates candidates to compete in a particular area's elections. It is common for the members of a party to hold similar ideas about politics, and parties may promote specific ideological or p ...

{{Romania-party-stub

List of parties

Active

Defunct

Gallery

See also

References