Cerenzia is a town, ''

comune A (; : , ) is an administrative division of Italy, roughly equivalent to a township or municipality. It is the third-level administrative division of Italy, after regions () and provinces (). The can also have the City status in Italy, titl ...

'' (municipality), former bishopric and Latin

titular see A titular see in various churches is an episcopal see of a former diocese that no longer functions, sometimes called a "dead diocese". The ordinary or hierarch of such a see may be styled a "titular metropolitan" (highest rank), "titular archbi ...

with a population of 1000 people in the

province of Crotone The province of Crotone () is a province in the Calabria region of Italy. It was formed in 1992 out of a section of the province of Catanzaro. The provincial capital is the city of Crotone. It borders the provinces of Cosenza, Catanzaro, and als ...

, in

Calabria Calabria is a Regions of Italy, region in Southern Italy. It is a peninsula bordered by the region Basilicata to the north, the Ionian Sea to the east, the Strait of Messina to the southwest, which separates it from Sicily, and the Tyrrhenian S ...

region, southernmost peninsular Italy. The modern town is besides the Ancient settlement Acerenthia, now a rural site known as Cerenzia vecchia ('old C.'), which includes the ruins of the cathedral dedicated to Saint Theodorus of Amasea, all abandoned to peasantry by the second half of the Ottocento (19th century).

Ecclesiastical history

Circa 960 was founded a Diocese of Cerenz(i)a (Italian) / Pumentum (Latin) / Cerenza / (Latin adjective), bordering its invariable Metropolitan, the Archdiocese of Santa Severina, as well as the bishoprics of

Umbriatico Umbriatico is a ''comune'' and town in the province of Crotone, in Calabria, southern Italy. As of 2007 Umbriatico had an estimated population of 930. History Umbriatico was founded by the Oenotrians before the arrival of the Greek colonists who fo ...

Rossano Rossano is a town and ''frazione'' of Corigliano-Rossano in the province of Cosenza, Calabria, southern Italy. The city is situated on an eminence from the Gulf of Taranto. The town is known for its marble and alabaster quarry, quarries. The to ...

and

Cosenza Cosenza (; Languages of Calabria#Northern Calabrian (Cosentian), Cosentian: ''Cusenza'', ) is a city located in Calabria, Italy. The city centre has a population of approximately 70,000, while the urban area counts more than 200,000 inhabitants. ...

. Its tiny territory comprised Cerenzia itself, the (now defunct) hamlets of Verzino and Lucrò and the

castrum ''Castra'' () is a Latin language, Latin term used during the Roman Republic and Roman Empire for a military 'camp', and ''castrum'' () for a 'Fortification, fort'. Either could refer to a building or plot of land, used as a fortified milita ...

of Caccuri. It is first documented in the

Notitia Episcopatuum The ''Notitiae Episcopatuum'' (singular: ''Notitia Episcopatuum'') were official documents that furnished for Eastern countries the list and hierarchical rank of the metropolitan and suffragan bishoprics of a church. In the Roman Church (the mos ...

of the

Patriarchate of Constantinople The Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople (, ; ; , "Roman Orthodox Patriarchate, Ecumenical Patriarchate of Istanbul") is one of the fifteen to seventeen autocephalous churches that together compose the Eastern Orthodox Church. It is headed ...

, edited under

Byzantine emperor The foundation of Constantinople in 330 AD marks the conventional start of the Eastern Roman Empire, which Fall of Constantinople, fell to the Ottoman Empire in 1453 AD. Only the emperors who were recognized as legitimate rulers and exercised s ...

Leo VI the Wise Leo VI, also known as Leo the Wise (; 19 September 866 – 11 May 912), was Byzantine Emperor from 886 to 912. The second ruler of the Macedonian dynasty (although his parentage is unclear), he was very well read, leading to his epithet. During ...

(died 912). Until the Norman conquest of Calabria (mid 11th century), it was in the sway of the above patriarchate and used its Greek-language

Byzantine rite The Byzantine Rite, also known as the Greek Rite or the Rite of Constantinople, is a liturgical rite that is identified with the wide range of cultural, devotional, and canonical practices that developed in the Eastern Christianity, Eastern Chri ...

. A

papal bulla A papal bull is a type of public decree, letters patent, or charter issued by the pope of the Catholic Church. It is named after the leaden seal ('' bulla'') traditionally appended to authenticate it. History Papal bulls have been in use at l ...

Pope Lucius III Pope Lucius III ( – 25 November 1185), born Ubaldo Allucingoli, reigned as head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 1 September 1181 to his death in 1185. Born to an aristocratic family in Lucca, prior to being elected p ...

in 1183 explicitly mentions its being a suffragan of Santa Severina. Noted early (late 11th century) bishop Policronius, recuperated the 'Greek' abbey of Santa Maria di Altilia. The bishoprics rich gifts and possessions aroused greed among the local barons, especially Marchisorto, count of Crotone Stefano, tried to impose in 1205 his chaplain, Madio, instead of legitimate bishop Guglielmo, elected by the (cathedral) chapter. The arrival of the Angevine rule spelled the diocese's decline, among more conflict with the feudal lords, requiring appeals to Metropolitan and Pope. Mid Trecento (14th century), the area suffered health problems like malaria and from its poor position, even for drinking water, leading to the city being abandoned and the countryside depopulated by harsh feudal impositions. In 1342 the phrase 'Bishop of Cerenzia and

Cariati Cariati is a town and (municipality) in the province of Cosenza in the Calabria region of southern Italy Italy, officially the Italian Republic, is a country in Southern Europe, Southern and Western Europe, Western Europe. It consists o ...

' was coined, after the new effective seat, and in 1437 Pope Eugenius IV formally erected a Diocese of Cariati, immediately placing it in

personal union A personal union is a combination of two or more monarchical states that have the same monarch while their boundaries, laws, and interests remain distinct. A real union, by contrast, involves the constituent states being to some extent in ...

(''aeque principaliter'') with the old see of Cerenzia. Given the decay of Cerenzia and its episcopal palace, when the

Council of Trento The Council of Trent (), held between 1545 and 1563 in Trento, Trent (or Trento), now in northern Italian Peninsula, Italy, was the 19th ecumenical council of the Catholic Church. Prompted by the Protestant Reformation at the time, it has been ...

imposed on all bishops a fixed residence, Cariati at sea, despite its exposure to Ottoman Turkish raids, was chosen over sickly isolated Cerenzia. A pest epidemic in 1528 caused the town of Cerenzia and its five parishes to be abandoned, losing its diocesan archive. È in questa occasione che andò in gran parte perduto anche l'archivio. Visiting in the late Cinquecento, bishop Properzio Resta described its pitiful state, including cathedral and palace (Pesavento). Bishops' attempts in the

Seicento The Seicento (, ) is Italian history and culture during the 17th century. The Seicento saw the end of the Italian Renaissance, Renaissance movement in Italy and the beginning of the Counter-Reformation and the Baroque era. The word means "six hu ...

and Settecento to restore the cathedral and build a new palace were undone by repeated, demotivating earthquakes. As part of a reorganization of the

diocese In Ecclesiastical polity, church governance, a diocese or bishopric is the ecclesiastical district under the jurisdiction of a bishop. History In the later organization of the Roman Empire, the increasingly subdivided Roman province, prov ...

s of the

Kingdom of the Two Sicilies The Kingdom of the Two Sicilies () was a kingdom in Southern Italy from 1816 to 1861 under the control of the House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, a cadet branch of the House of Bourbon, Bourbons. The kingdom was the largest sovereign state by popula ...

Pope Pius VII Pope Pius VII (; born Barnaba Niccolò Maria Luigi Chiaramonti; 14 August 1742 – 20 August 1823) was head of the Catholic Church from 14 March 1800 to his death in August 1823. He ruled the Papal States from June 1800 to 17 May 1809 and again ...

in 1818 incorporated the already united territory of the diocese of Cerenza into that of the diocese of

, later merged itself into the present Archdiocese of Rossano-Cariati Vincenzio d'Avino, As is customary, the bull referred to the see in adjectival form, and called it , suggesting as the

Latin Latin ( or ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic languages, Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally spoken by the Latins (Italic tribe), Latins in Latium (now known as Lazio), the lower Tiber area aroun ...

substantive (noun) form: . The gives as the Latin substantive form and , rather than , as the Italian form, but indicates as the Latin adjective.

Residential Ordinaries

:''Incomplete : first incumbent(s?) lacking'' * Policronio (1099? – ?) * Giberto (1198? – ?) * Guglielmo (? – death 1208) * Bernardo,

Cistercian Order The Cistercians (), officially the Order of Cistercians (, abbreviated as OCist or SOCist), are a Catholic religious order of monks and nuns that branched off from the Benedictines and follow the Rule of Saint Benedict, as well as the contri ...

(O. Cist.) (1208 – death 1216) * Nicola (1216 – death 1233?) * Matteo, O. Cist. (1234 – ?) * Nicola (1342.08.13 – ?), also Bishop of

(Italy) (1342.08.13 – ?) * Giovanni Fardini,

Dominican Order The Order of Preachers (, abbreviated OP), commonly known as the Dominican Order, is a Catholic Church, Catholic mendicant order of pontifical right that was founded in France by a Castilians, Castilian priest named Saint Dominic, Dominic de Gu ...

(O.P.) (1372.12.22 – ?) * Jacques de la Chastre, O.P. (1391.02.22 – ?) * Guglielmo (1394.02.13 – ?) * Gerardo (? – 1394.02.13), next Archbishop of

(Italy) (1394.02.13 – 1399.09.27), Metropolitan Archbishop of

Santa Severina Santa Severina () is a town and ''comune'' in the province of Crotone, in the Calabria region of southern Italy. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy"). Name The name derives from ancient Siberine (῾� ...

(Italy) (1399.09.27 – death 1400) * Tommaso Rossi (1420.12.23 – 1429.05.18), next Bishop of

Oppido Mamertina Oppido Mamertina (, ) is a town and ''comune'' of the province of Reggio Calabria in Calabria in southern Italy at about northeast of Reggio Calabria and about southwest of Catanzaro. It is the seat of the Diocese of Oppido Mamertina. The mun ...

(Italy) (1429.05.18 – 1429.12.23), Bishop of

Strongoli Strongoli is a ''comune'' and town with a population of over 6000 people in the province of Crotone, in Calabria, southernmost Italy. History In Antiquity, Strongoli was the site of Petelia, said to have been founded by Philoctetes. It is the ...

(Italy) (1429.12.23 – death 1433) * :TO BE COMPLETED * ... * :''From 1481 (personal union), see the Bishops of Diocese of Cariati.''

Titular see

The diocese was nominally restored in 1968 as Latin

Titular bishopric A titular see in various churches is an episcopal see of a former diocese that no longer functions, sometimes called a "dead diocese". The ordinary or hierarch of such a see may be styled a "titular metropolitan" (highest rank), "titular archbish ...

of Cerenzia (Curiate Italian) / Pumentum (Latin) / Cerenza / (Latin adjective).''Annuario Pontificio 2013'' (Libreria Editrice Vaticana 2013 ), p. 866 It has had the following incumbents, so far of the fitting Episcopal (lowest) rank : * Andrea Bernardo Schierhoff (born USA) (1968.11.11 –death 1986.12.01), first as

Auxiliary Bishop An auxiliary bishop is a bishop assigned to assist the diocesan bishop in meeting the pastoral and administrative needs of the diocese. Auxiliary bishops can also be titular bishops of sees that no longer exist as territorial jurisdictions. ...

of Archdiocese of La Paz (

Bolivia Bolivia, officially the Plurinational State of Bolivia, is a landlocked country located in central South America. The country features diverse geography, including vast Amazonian plains, tropical lowlands, mountains, the Gran Chaco Province, w ...

) (1968.11.11 – 1982.12.17), then as Apostolic Vicar of Pando (Bolivia) (1982.12.17 – 1986.12.01) * José María Arancibia (1987.02.26 – 1993.02.13) as Auxiliary Bishop of Archdiocese of Córdoba (Argentina) (1987.02.26 – 1993.02.13); later

Coadjutor Archbishop The term "coadjutor" (literally "co-assister" in Latin) is a title qualifier indicating that the holder shares the office with another person, with powers equal to the other in all but formal order of precedence. These include: * Coadjutor bishop ...

of Mendoza (Argentina) (1993.02.13 – 1996.03.25), succeeding as Metropolitan Archbishop of Mendoza (1996.03.25 – retired 2012.11.10) * Pere Tena Garriga (1993.06.09 – death 2014.02.10) as Auxiliary Bishop of

Archdiocese of Barcelona The Archdiocese of Barcelona () is a Latin Church, Latin Metropolitan bishop, metropolitan archbishopric of the Catholic Church in northeastern Spain's Catalonia region. The cathedral archiepiscopal see is a Minor basilica: Catedral Basílica ...

(Catalonia, Spain) (1993.06.09 – 2004.06.15) and on emeritate; previously Undersecretary of

Congregation for Divine Worship The Dicastery for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments () is the dicastery (from , from δικαστής, 'judge, juror') of the Roman Curia that handles most affairs relating to liturgical practices of the Latin Church as distin ...

(1987.07.29 – 1988.06.28) and Undersecretary of

Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments The Dicastery for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments () is the dicastery (from , from δικαστής, 'judge, juror') of the Roman Curia that handles most affairs relating to liturgical practices of the Latin Church as distin ...

(1988.06.28 – 1993.06.09) * José Trinidad Fernández Angulo (2014.04.17 – ...), as Auxiliary Bishop of

Archdiocese of Caracas The Roman Catholic Metropolitan Archdiocese of Caracas is an ecclesiastical territory of the Roman Catholic Church in Venezuela. It was founded as the Diocese of Caracas on June 20, 1637, and was later elevated to the rank of a metropolitan see ...

(

Venezuela Venezuela, officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many Federal Dependencies of Venezuela, islands and islets in the Caribbean Sea. It com ...

) (2014.04.17 – ...).

Economy

Cerenzia relies on the production of oil, wine, cereals,

citrus ''Citrus'' is a genus of flowering trees and shrubs in the family Rutaceae. Plants in the genus produce citrus fruits, including important crops such as oranges, mandarins, lemons, grapefruits, pomelos, and limes. ''Citrus'' is nativ ...

es and the intense breeding of the cattle.

References

Sources and external links

GCatholic – (former &) titular see
; Bibliography – ecclesiastical * Ferdinando Ughelli, ''Italia sacra, vol. IX'', second edition, Venice 1721, coll. 498–505 * Vincenzio d'Avino, ''Cenni storici sulle chiese arcivescovili, vescovili e prelatizie (nullius) del Regno delle Due Sicilie'', Napels 1848, pp. 138–139 * Giuseppe Cappelletti, ''Le Chiese d'Italia dalla loro origine sino ai giorni nostri'', vol. XXI, Venice 1870, pp. 258–259 * Domenico Taccone-Gallucci, ''Regesti dei Romani Pontefici per le chiese della Calabria'', Rome 1902, p. 444 * Andrea Pesavento, ''La cattedrale rovinata di San Teodoro a Cerenzia Vecchia'', in ''La Provincia KR'' nr. 21-23/1998 * Paul Fridolin Kehr, ''Italia Pontificia'', X, Berlin 1975, p. 129 * Norbert Kamp, ''Kirche und Monarchie im staufischen Königreich Sizilien, vol 2, Prosopographische Grundlegung: Bistümer und Bischöfe des Königreichs 1194 – 1266; Apulien und Kalabrien'', Münich 1975, pp. 897–904 * Pius Bonifacius Gams, ''Series episcoporum Ecclesiae Catholicae'', Leipzig 1931, p. 869 * Konrad Eubel, ''Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi'', vol. 1, p. 261; vol. 2, p. 158 * Papal bulla 'De utiliori', in ''Bullarii romani continuatio'', vol. XV, Rome 1853, pp. 56–61 {{authority control Cities and towns in Calabria

Ecclesiastical history

Residential Ordinaries

Titular see

Economy

See also

References

Sources and external links