The Diocese of Aire and Dax (

Latin Latin ( or ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic languages, Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally spoken by the Latins (Italic tribe), Latins in Latium (now known as Lazio), the lower Tiber area aroun ...

'':'' ''Dioecesis Adurensis et Aquae Augustae''; French: ''Diocèse d'Aire et Dax'') is a

Latin Church The Latin Church () is the largest autonomous () particular church within the Catholic Church, whose members constitute the vast majority of the 1.3 billion Catholics. The Latin Church is one of 24 Catholic particular churches and liturgical ...

ecclesiastical territory or

diocese In Ecclesiastical polity, church governance, a diocese or bishopric is the ecclesiastical district under the jurisdiction of a bishop. History In the later organization of the Roman Empire, the increasingly subdivided Roman province, prov ...

of the

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France France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the Atlantic Ocean#North Atlan ...

. It comprises the ''

département In the administrative divisions of France, the department (, ) is one of the three levels of government under the national level (" territorial collectivities"), between the administrative regions and the communes. There are a total of 101 ...

'' of Landes, in the '' région'' of Gascony in

Aquitaine Aquitaine (, ; ; ; ; Poitevin-Saintongeais: ''Aguiéne''), archaic Guyenne or Guienne (), is a historical region of southwestern France and a former Regions of France, administrative region. Since 1 January 2016 it has been part of the administ ...

. It was a

suffragan diocese A suffragan diocese is one of the dioceses other than the metropolitan archdiocese that constitute an ecclesiastical province. It exists in some Christian denominations, in particular the Catholic Church, the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandr ...

of the

Archdiocese of Auch The Archdiocese of Auch-Condom-Lectoure-Lombez (Latin: ''Archidioecesis Auxitana-Condomiensis-Lectoriensis-Lomberiensis''; French: ''Archidiocèse d'Auch-Condom-Lectoure-Lombez''), more commonly known as the Archdiocese of Auch, is a Latin Churc ...

under the

Ancien Régime ''Ancien'' may refer to * the French word for " ancient, old" ** Société des anciens textes français * the French for "former, senior" ** Virelai ancien ** Ancien Régime ** Ancien Régime in France {{disambig ...

, but was not re-established until 1822, when it was again made a suffragan of the re-established Archdiocese of Auch, and was assigned the territory of the former Diocese of Aire and Diocese of Acqs (Dax). It is now a suffragan in the

ecclesiastical province An ecclesiastical province is one of the basic forms of jurisdiction in Christian churches, including those of both Western Christianity and Eastern Christianity, that have traditional hierarchical structures. An ecclesiastical province consist ...

of the metropolitan

Archdiocese of Bordeaux The Archdiocese of Bordeaux (–Bazas) (Latin Latin ( or ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic languages, Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally spoken by the Latins (Italic tribe), Latins in Lati ...

. It has been known since 1857 as the Diocese of Aire and Dax. It is a

co-cathedral A co-cathedral is a cathedral church which shares the function of being a bishop's seat, or ''cathedra'', with another cathedral, often in another city (usually a former see, anchor city of the metropolitan area or the civil capital). Instances o ...

diocese, with

cathedra A ''cathedra'' is the throne of a bishop in the early Christian basilica. When used with this meaning, it may also be called the bishop's throne. With time, the related term ''cathedral'' became synonymous with the "seat", or principa ...

s in the Cathedral St-Jean-Baptiste d' Aire and in Nôtre Dame de Dax. On April 6, 2017, the resignation letter of recent Bishop Herve Gaschignard was officially accepted by Pope Francis following allegations that Gaschignard engaged in inappropriate behavior with young people.

History

The first reference to a bishop of Aire, on the river

Adour The Adour (; ; ) is a river in southwestern France. It rises in High- Bigorre ( Pyrenees), in the commune of Aspin-Aure, and flows into the Atlantic Ocean ( Bay of Biscay) near Bayonne. It is long, of which the uppermost ca. is known as the ' ...

, in history is to Marcellus, represented at the

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, 506. Aire was also the home of St. Philibert; it numbered among its bishops during the second half of the sixteenth century François de Foix, Count of Candale, an illustrious mathematician, who translated

Euclid Euclid (; ; BC) was an ancient Greek mathematician active as a geometer and logician. Considered the "father of geometry", he is chiefly known for the '' Elements'' treatise, which established the foundations of geometry that largely domina ...

and founded a chair of mathematics at the

University of Bordeaux The University of Bordeaux (, ) is a public research university based in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France. It has several campuses in the cities and towns of Bordeaux, Dax, Gradignan, Périgueux, Pessac, and Talence. There are al ...

, though he never visited his diocese. In 1572, on the death of Bishop Christophe de Candale, the Capitular Vicar of Aire submitted a status report (pouillé) to King Charles IX, providing a picture of the diocese at that time. There were two Archdeacons, that of Marsan and that of Chalosse. In addition to the two archdeacons, the Cathedral Chapter was composed of ten Canons and seven Prebendaries, two semi-Prebendaries, the Master of the Children of the Choir, and the Basse-Contre. The Statutes of the Chapter were confirmed by Bishop Tristan d'Aure in 1459 or 1460. Religious establishments included: *the Abbaye du Mas d'Aire (O.S.B.: four religious, a Prior, a Sacristan, a Chamberlain and an Almoner; eleven other positions vacant) *the Abbaye de St-Jean de la Castelle (Premonstratensians: six religious priests, a child servant, and a soldier, though there were places for 18-20 religious and four novices) *the Abbaye of Saint-Loubouer (Collegiate church: Abbot, eight Canons, Cantor) *the Collegiate Church of Pimbo (Abbot, seven Canons and a Cantor) *the Abbaye of Pontaut (Cistercians: Abbot, seven religious and a soldier) *the Convent of Augustine Religious at Geune. *the Priory of Mongaillard (O.S.B.) *the Commanderie of St-Antoine *the Abbaye of Saint-Sever (O.S.B.) (Abbot commendatory: Archbishop of Turin, thirteen religious, a vicar, and a soldier) *the Jacobins, or Frères Prêcheurs de Ste-Ursule (six religious) *the Priory of Nervis *the Collegial Church of Saint-Girons (Abbot and eight Canons) *the Commanderie of the Holy Spirit. *the Priory of Roquefort (O.S.B.) *the Commanderie de Bessaut *the Commanderie de St-Antoine de Gelonies *the Priory of Mont-de-Marsan (O.S.B.) *the Priory of Sen a Labrit.

Bishops

To 1000

*506, 533 : Marcellus *585 : Rusticus *614 : Palladius *ca. 620–630 : Philibaud *ca. 633–675 : Ursus *ca. 788 : Asinarius *ca. 977 : Gombaud

1000 to 1300

*ca. 1017 : Arsius-Racca *1060 : Raymond le Vieux *1060–1092 : Peter I. *1092–1099 : Peter II. *1100–1115 : Wilhelm *1116–1147 : Bonhomme *1148–ca. 1176 : Vital de Saint-Hermes *ca. 1176–1179 : Odon d’Arbéchan * ? : Bertrand de Marsan * ? : Guillaume Bernard *1211 : Vital de Beufmort *1211 : Jourdain * ? : Gauthier *1224–1237 : Auger *1237–1266 : Pierre III. et Raymond de Saint-Martin *1266–1295 : Pierre IV. de Betous *1295–1307 : Martin

1300–1500

*1308–January 1326 : Bernard de Bats *1326–1327 : Anesanche de Toujouse *1327–1349 : Garsias de Fau *1349 – 15 November 1354 : Dauphin de Marquefave *1354 : Bernard *1361–end May 1386 : Jean de Montaut **4 June 1386 – 1390 : Robert Waldeby, O.E.S.A. (nominated by

Urban VI Pope Urban VI (; ; c. 1318 – 15 October 1389), born Bartolomeo Prignano (), was head of the Catholic Church from 8 April 1378 to his death, in October 1389. He was the last pope elected from outside the College of Cardinals. His pontificate be ...

of the Roman Obedience) **14 November 1390 – 1393 : Maurice Usk, O.P. (appointed by Boniface IX of the Roman Obedience) **1393–1418 : Arnaud-Guillaume de Lescun (appointed by Boniface IX of the Roman Obedience) *1386–1397 : Garsias-Arnaud de Navailles (appointed by Avignon Pope Clement VII) *1397–1418 : Bernard de Brun, O.P. (appointed by Benedict XIII of the Avignon Obedience) *1423–1440 : Roger de Castelbon (appointed by Martin V) *1440–1445 : Pierre de Gachefret *16 January 1445 to 30 July 1460 : Louis d'Albret (Administrator, 1445–1449; then Bishop) *1460–1475 : Tristan d'Aure (

Bishop of Couserans The former French Catholic diocese of Couserans existed perhaps from the fifth century to the French Revolution in the late eighteenth century. It covered the former province of Couserans, in south-west France. Its episcopal seat was in Saint-Lizi ...

, 1444–1460) *1475–1484 : Pierre de Foix *1484–1485 : Mathieu de Nargassie *15 February 1486 – 1512 : Bernard d'Abbadie

1500 to 1800

*1512–1516 : Antoine du Monastey *1516 – 22 December 1521 : Arnaud-Guillaume d’Aydie *24 April 1523 – 1530 : Charles de Gramont *9 March 1530 – 6 February 1538 : Gabriel de Saluces *1538–1560 : Jacques de Saint-Julien *1560–4 September 1570 : Christophe de Foix-Candale *1576–5 February 1594 : François de Foix-Candale (never consecrated) * ''Vacant'' *4 December 1606 – 1621 : Philippe Cospéan *1621 – 17 January 1625 : Sébastien Bouthilier *1625–1649 : Gilles Boutault *1650–1657 : Charles-François de Bourlemont *1657 – 12 October 1672 - Bernard de Sariac *12 January 1673 – 18 December 1684 : Jean-Louis de Fromentières *1693 – 29 March 1698 : Armand Bazin de Bezons *1698–1706 : Louis-Gaston Fleuriau d’Armenonville *1706 – 30 June 1710 : François-Gaspard de la Mer de Matha *1710–1723 : Joseph-Gaspard de Montmorin de Saint-Hérem *1723–1734 : Gilbert de Montmorin de Saint-Hérem *1735–1757 : François de Sarret de Gaujac *1758–1783 : Playcard (or Playcourt) de Raigecourt *1783–1801 : Sébastien-Charles-Philibert de Cahuzac de Caux

From 1800 — Bishops of Aire and Dax

*1823–1827 : Jean-François-Marie Le Pappe de Trévern (also

Archbishop of Strasbourg Archbishops

*Charles Amarin Brand (16 July 1984 – 23 October 1997) (with rank of archbishop from 1988) *Joseph Doré (23 October 1997 – 25 August 2006) *Jean-Pierre Grallet (21 April 2007 – 18 February 2017) *Luc Ravel (18 February 2017 ...

) *1827–1839 : Dominique-Marie Savy *1839 – 30 June 1856 : François-Adélaïde-Adolphe Lanneluc *15 December 1856 – 6 June 1859 : Prosper-Michel-Armand HiraboureHis accident, death, and obituary: *26 September 1859 – 23 July 1876 : Louis-Marie-Olivier Épivent *18 December 1876 – 7 August 1905 : Victor-Jean-Baptiste-Paulin Delannoy *21 February 1906 – 1911 : François Touzet *1911–1930 : Maurice Charles Alfred de Cormont *1930–1963 : Clément Mathieu *1963–1978 : Fernand Pierre Robert Bézac des Martinies *1978–2002 : Robert Pierre Sarrabère *2002–2012 : Philippe Breton *2012–2017 : Hervé Gaschignard ( fr) *2017–present: Nicolas Jean-Marie Souchu

References

Sources

Reference works

* p. 72. (in Latin) * p. 80. * * * *

Studies

* * * * * ''Instrumenta'', pp. 181–185.

External links

* Centre national des Archives de l'Église de France
''L’Épiscopat francais depuis 1919''
, retrieved: 2016-12-24. *Cheney, David M., ''Catholic-Hierarchy:''

Retrieved: 2016-08-05 {{DEFAULTSORT:Aire and Dax, Roman Catholic Diocese of Aire Aire Aire 1822 establishments in France