Roman Catholic Archdiocese Of Eauze
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The former
Roman Catholic The Catholic Church (), also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.27 to 1.41 billion baptized Catholics worldwide as of 2025. It is among the world's oldest and largest international institut ...
Metropolitan Archdiocese of Eauze (Latin Elusa), in
Aquitaine Aquitaine (, ; ; ; ; Poitevin-Saintongeais: ''Aguiéne''), archaic Guyenne or Guienne (), is a historical region of southwestern France and a former Regions of France, administrative region. Since 1 January 2016 it has been part of the administ ...
, south-west
France France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the Atlantic Ocean#North Atlan ...
, existed from circa 300 to 879. Its Ancient cathedral was so utterly destroyed it hasn't even been located. The present
Eauze Cathedral Eauze Cathedral () is a Roman Catholic church located in the town of Eauze, France. The former cathedral A cathedral is a church (building), church that contains the of a bishop, thus serving as the central church of a diocese, Annual conf ...
, dedicated to
St. Luperculus Luperculus (''Lupercus, Lupercius'') (, ) is venerated as a saint by the Roman Catholic Church. Christian tradition states that he was a bishop of Eauze and was martyred by the governor Dacian during the reign of Decius.Sabine Baring-Gould, ''The ...
, was built around 500 and became
co-cathedral A co-cathedral is a cathedral church which shares the function of being a bishop's seat, or ''cathedra'', with another cathedral, often in another city (usually a former see, anchor city of the metropolitan area or the civil capital). Instances o ...
of the successor see
Archdiocese of Auch The Archdiocese of Auch-Condom-Lectoure-Lombez (Latin: ''Archidioecesis Auxitana-Condomiensis-Lectoriensis-Lomberiensis''; French: ''Archidiocèse d'Auch-Condom-Lectoure-Lombez''), more commonly known as the Archdiocese of Auch, is a Latin Churc ...
in 1864.


History

Elusa, capital of the Gallic Late
Roman province The Roman provinces (, pl. ) were the administrative regions of Ancient Rome outside Roman Italy that were controlled by the Romans under the Roman Republic and later the Roman Empire. Each province was ruled by a Roman appointed as Roman g ...
of
Novempopulania Novempopulania (Latin for "country of the nine peoples") was one of the provinces created by Diocletian (Roman emperor from 284 to 305) out of Gallia Aquitania, which was also called ''Aquitania Tertia''. Early Roman period The area of Novemp ...
since Emperor
Diocletian Diocletian ( ; ; ; 242/245 – 311/312), nicknamed Jovius, was Roman emperor from 284 until his abdication in 305. He was born Diocles to a family of low status in the Roman province of Dalmatia (Roman province), Dalmatia. As with other Illyri ...
split if off from
Gallia Aquitania Gallia Aquitania (, ), also known as Aquitaine or Aquitaine Gaul, was a list of Roman provinces, province of the Roman Empire. It lies in present-day southwest France and the Comarques of Catalonia, comarca of Val d'Aran in northeast Spain, wher ...
, was also made its Metropolitan Archbishopric, plausibly soon after. Eauze remained known as '' Elusa'' in the early Middle Ages. Its
suffragan A suffragan bishop is a type of bishop in some Christian denominations. In the Catholic Church, a suffragan bishop leads a diocese within an ecclesiastical province other than the principal diocese, the metropolitan archdiocese; the diocese led ...
sees were, as attested in 506 at a council in Agde :
Diocese of Auch The Archdiocese of Auch-Condom-Lectoure-Lombez (Latin: ''Archidioecesis Auxitana-Condomiensis-Lectoriensis-Lomberiensis''; French: ''Archidiocèse d'Auch-Condom-Lectoure-Lombez''), more commonly known as the Archdiocese of Auch, is a Latin Church ...
,
Diocese of Aire The Diocese of Aire and Dax (Latin'':'' ''Dioecesis Adurensis et Aquae Augustae''; French: ''Diocèse d'Aire et Dax'') is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in France. It comprises the ''département'' o ...
,
Diocese of Bazas The Diocese of Bazas, centred on Bazas in Aquitaine, covered the Bazadais region, known under the Romans as the ''Vasatensis pagus'' after the ancient occupants, the Vasates. In the 2nd century it was part of the Novempopulania, one of the seve ...
,
Diocese of Dax The Diocese of Dax, Landes, Dax or Acqs was a Roman Catholic ecclesiastical territory in Gascony in south-west France. According to tradition it was established in the 5th century. It was suppressed after the French Revolution, by the Concordat ...
,
Diocese of Comminges The former French Catholic diocese of Comminges existed at least from the sixth century, to the French Revolution. The seat of the bishops was at Saint-Bertrand-de-Comminges, now no more than a village, in the modern department of Haute-Garonne i ...
,
Diocese of Couserans The former French Catholic diocese of Couserans existed perhaps from the fifth century to the French Revolution in the late eighteenth century. It covered the former province of Couserans, in south-west France. Its episcopal seat was in Saint-L ...
,
Diocese of Lectoure The former Catholic Diocese of Lectoure was in south-west France. It existed from the fourth century until the time of the French Revolution, when it was suppressed under the Concordat of 1801.atholic-Hierarchy]">Lectoure (Diocese) atholic ...
, Diocese of Lescar">atholic ...
, Diocese of Lescar, Diocese of Oloron and Diocese of Tarbes">Diocese of Lescar, Diocese of Oloron">Diocese of Lescar">atholic ...
, Diocese of Lescar, Diocese of Oloron and Diocese of Tarbes. It 551 the Metropolitan hosted a synod in Euze attended by eight of his suffragans. Historians dispute if the city itself was wrecked by Saracen incursion from Iberia in 721–722 or by 9th century Viking raids, but the bishopric was abandoned by mid 8th century. The see may have been moved for mainly military reasons, around 850.Structurae
Cathédrale Saint-Luperc
retrieved: 2017-01-03.. It was suppressed in 879. The see was moved from Eauze to Auch, the territory becoming part of the diocese of Auch, whose Bishop Airardus was hence promoted and granted the title of Archbishop in 879.


Residential Archbishops

The first historical mention of an (anonymous) bishop of Eauze is at the
Council of Arles (314) Arles (ancient Arelate) in the south of Roman Gaul (modern France) hosted several councils or synods referred to as ''Concilium Arelatense'' in the history of the early Christian church. Council of Arles in 314 The first council of Arles"Arles, S ...
. Tradition assigns its foundation to a Saint Paternus, consecrated by Saint Saturninus, the apostle of the present Gers department. His four alleged successors (Saint Servandus, Saint Optatus, Saint Pompidianus and Taurinus) are only known from an AD 1106 document from the church of Auch (its successor), which claims the last transferred the see to Auch after the
Vandals The Vandals were a Germanic people who were first reported in the written records as inhabitants of what is now Poland, during the period of the Roman Empire. Much later, in the fifth century, a group of Vandals led by kings established Vand ...
would have wrecked the city and ignores the later Metropolitans (except perhaps confounding Taurinus). Apart from those, the Metropolitans and their (often disputed) historical record dates are : * Mamertinus recorded in 314 * Clarus in 506 * Leontius in 511 * Saint Aspasius first in 533 - last in 551 * Labanus first in 573 - death circa 585 * Desiderius = Désidère (circa 585 – ?614) * Leodomundus in 614 * Senoc(us) first term until 622 * Palladius in 626 * Sidocus (if not identical to Senoc) in 627 * Senoc(us) (or Sidocus) in 627, presumably second term until death 660 * Scupilius = Scupilio in 673/675) * Paterne = Paternus (? – 722) * Taurin(us) (? – 829?) would have translated the see to - and become Bishop of Auch (836? – ?).


See also

*
List of Catholic dioceses in France The Catholic Church in France mainly comprises a Metropolitan Latin Church hierarchy, joint in a national episcopal conference, consisting of * fifteen ecclesiastical provinces, each under a Metropolitan Archdiocese (15) ** with a total of 80 suf ...
*
Catholic Church in France The Catholic Church in France, Gallican Church, or French Catholic Church, is part of the worldwide Catholic Church in communion with the Pope in Rome. Established in the 2nd century in unbroken communion with the bishop of Rome, it was sometim ...


References


Sources and external links


GCatholic


Bibliography - Reference works

* (Use with caution; obsolete) * (in Latin) * (in Latin) * * * *


Bibliography - Studies

* * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Eauze, Roman Catholic Archdiocese Former Roman Catholic dioceses in France 879 disestablishments 9th-century establishments in France