The Rolls-Royce RB.109 Tyne is a twin-shaft

turboprop A turboprop is a Gas turbine, gas turbine engine that drives an aircraft Propeller (aeronautics), propeller. A turboprop consists of an intake, reduction drive, reduction gearbox, gas compressor, compressor, combustor, turbine, and a propellin ...

engine developed in the mid to late 1950s by

Rolls-Royce Limited Rolls-Royce Limited was a British luxury car and later an aero-engine manufacturing business established in 1904 in Manchester by the partnership of Charles Rolls and Henry Royce. Building on Royce's good reputation established with his Crane ( ...

to a requirement for the Vickers Vanguard airliner. It was first test flown during 1956 in the nose of a modified Avro Lincoln. Following company naming convention for

gas turbine A gas turbine or gas turbine engine is a type of Internal combustion engine#Continuous combustion, continuous flow internal combustion engine. The main parts common to all gas turbine engines form the power-producing part (known as the gas gene ...

engines this turboprop design was named after the

River Tyne The River Tyne is a river in North East England. Its length (excluding tributaries) is . It is formed by the North Tyne and the South Tyne, which converge at Warden, Northumberland, Warden near Hexham in Northumberland at a place dubbed 'The ...

Design and development

Designed in 1954 by a team under Lionel Haworth and intended as a more powerful alternative to the Dart, the RB.109 Tyne was initially designed for a power of 2,500 shp but when first run in April 1955 the engine far exceeded expectations and was soon being type-tested at 4,220 shp. The Tyne was developed primarily for the four-engined Vickers Vanguard airliner, the prototype first flying on 20 January 1959 equipped with four Tyne Mk.506 of 4,985 e.s.h.p. Production deliveries of the engine were made from mid-1959 onwards to power the 43 Vanguards delivered to British European Airways and

Trans-Canada Airlines Trans-Canada Air Lines (also known as TCA in English, and Trans-Canada in French) was a Canadian airline that operated as the country's flag carrier, with corporate headquarters in Montreal, Quebec. Its first president was Gordon McGregor (busin ...

. The engine was further developed with greater power and used in the later twin-engined Dassault- Breguet Atlantique long-range reconnaissance aircraft; also in the Canadair CL-44 and Transall C-160 transport aircraft. A single stage HP turbine drives the nine-stage HP compressor. A three-stage LP turbine drives the six-stage LP compressor and, through a reduction gearbox, the propeller. The

combustor A combustor is a component or area of a gas turbine, ramjet, or scramjet engine where combustion takes place. It is also known as a burner, burner can, combustion chamber or flame holder. In a gas turbine engine, the ''combustor'' or combustion ...

is cannular. The Mark 515 Tyne had a nominal takeoff power output of equivalent power, flat rated to ISA+16.8C. An agreement was signed in 1963 between Hispano-Suiza and Rolls-Royce for the licence production of the Tyne for the Breguet Atlantic and Transall C-160. Each company that was part of the agreement built parts for itself and the partners, Rolls-Royce (United Kingdom) 20%, Hispano-Suiza (France) 44%, MAN (Germany) 28% and FN (Belgium) 8%. The final assembly was undertaken by both MAN and Hispano-Suiza. The first production batch was for 80 engines and 40 spares for the Atlantic.

Variants

;RTy.1: Takeoff power of ; cruise power of at and altitude, with specific fuel consumption (SFC) of ; fitted to Vickers Type 951 Vanguard and Vickers Merchantman ;RTy.11: Takeoff power of with SFC of ; cruise power of at and altitude, with SFC of ; for Vickers Type 952 Vanguard ;RTy.12: for Canadair CL-44 ;RTy.12: Takeoff power of with SFC of ; for

Short Belfast The Short Belfast (or Shorts Belfast)Mondey 1981, p. 228. is a heavy lift turboprop Cargo aircraft, freighter that was built by British manufacturer Short Brothers at Belfast. Only 10 aircraft were constructed, all of which entered service with ...

;RTy.20 Mk 21: for

Breguet 1150 Atlantic Breguet may refer to: * Breguet (watch), watch manufacturer ** Abraham-Louis Breguet (1747–1823), Swiss watchmaker ** Louis-François-Clement Breguet (1804–1883), French physicist, watchmaker, electrical and telegraph work * Breguet Aviati ...

and

Breguet ATL2 Atlantique Breguet may refer to: * Breguet (watch), watch manufacturer ** Abraham-Louis Breguet (1747–1823), Swiss watchmaker ** Louis-François-Clement Breguet (1804–1883), French physicist, watchmaker, electrical and telegraph work * Breguet Aviati ...

;RTy.20 Mk 22: for Transall C-160 ;RTy.20: for Aeritalia G.222T ;RTy.20: for Transall C-160 and

;RTy.22: projected military use engine rated at equivalent ;RTy.32: projected military use engine rated at equivalent ;Mk.101: (RTy.12) ;Mk.506: ;Mk.512: ;Mk.515: ;Mk.515-101W ;Mk 801 ;Mk 45: ;RM1A:Marinised ship powerplant ;RM1C:Essentially similar to the RM1A ;RM3C:Essentially similar to the RM1A

Applications

Aircraft

Rolls-Royce Tyne Avro Lincoln Farnborough 1956

* Aeritalia G.222 * Avro Lincoln (testbed) * Breguet Atlantic * Canadair CL-44 * Conroy Skymonster *

* Transall C-160 * Vickers Vanguard

Ships

The marine version, the Rolls-Royce Tyne RM1A, RM1C and RM3C remained in service as the cruise gas turbines in Royal Navy Type 21 frigates, Type 42 destroyers and Type 22 frigates until the retirement of the 4 Batch 3 Type 22 frigates (2011) and the last remaining Type 42 Destroyer (2013). They were also used in numerous other European ships such as the Tromp and Kortenaer-class frigates.

Engines on display

A Rolls-Royce Tyne is on public display at the Royal Air Force Museum Cosford. * East Midlands Aeropark
Rolls-Royce Heritage Trust
Derby

Specifications (Tyne RTy.20 Mk 21)

References

Notes

Bibliography

* * *

External links

a 1959 ''Flight'' advertisement for the Tyne {{Rolls-Royce aeroengines Tyne 1950s turboprop engines