José Antonio de Affonseca Rogê Ferreira (January 1, 1922 – June 29, 1991) was a Brazilian

politician A politician is a person who participates in Public policy, policy-making processes, usually holding an elective position in government. Politicians represent the people, make decisions, and influence the formulation of public policy. The roles ...

of progressive and

nationalist Nationalism is an idea or movement that holds that the nation should be congruent with the State (polity), state. As a movement, it presupposes the existence and tends to promote the interests of a particular nation,Anthony D. Smith, Smith, A ...

lineage, having been an exponent of the

Brazilian Socialist Party The Brazilian Socialist Party (, PSB) is a political party in Brazil. It was founded in 1947, before being abolished by the military regime in 1965 and re-organised in 1989 after the re-democratisation of Brazil. It elected six Governors in 201 ...

(PSB) in the period before the military coup of 1964.

Biography

Early years and studies

Born in the city of

São Paulo São Paulo (; ; Portuguese for 'Paul the Apostle, Saint Paul') is the capital of the São Paulo (state), state of São Paulo, as well as the List of cities in Brazil by population, most populous city in Brazil, the List of largest cities in the ...

, he graduated in Law from the

University of São Paulo The Universidade de São Paulo (, USP) is a public research university in the Brazilian state of São Paulo, and the largest public university in Brazil. The university was founded on 25 January 1934, regrouping already existing schools in ...

, at the traditional Largo do São Francisco Law School. In 1948, he became president of the and, soon after, the first president of the (UEE). After his mandate, he became president of the National Union of Students (UNE), the national organization of Brazilian students, in July 1949, with a mandate until July 1950. He resigned three months before the end of his term to pursue his candidacy for state representative for the

(PSB). Elected, he became leader of his party's caucus.

Federal Deputy

In 1954, he was elected to the

Federal deputy A legislator, or lawmaker, is a person who writes and passes laws, especially someone who is a member of a legislature. Legislators are often elected by the people, but they can be appointed, or hereditary. Legislatures may be supra-national ...

for São Paulo, and this time he also took over the leadership of the PSB. In he ran for mayor of São Paulo, finishing fourth. As a member of parliament, he acted in defense of workers, civil liberties and national interests. He was involved in the laws that granted job stability to

pregnant women Pregnancy is the time during which one or more offspring gestates inside a woman's uterus. A multiple pregnancy involves more than one offspring, such as with twins. Conception usually occurs following vaginal intercourse, but can also ...

and union leaders, as well as those that regulated various professions. He was also the author of the law that regulated the profession of librarian in Brazil. In the early hours of April 2, 1964, while the then president

João Goulart João Belchior Marques Goulart (; 1 March 1919 – 6 December 1976), commonly known as Jango, was a Brazilian politician who served as the president of Brazil from 1961 until a military coup d'état deposed him in 1964. He was considered the ...

, besieged by the military uprising, was still in the country, the president of the

Federal Senate A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or chamber of a bicameral legislature. Senate or the Senate may also refer to: * Any one of the national senates in the world, including ** The Australian Senate ** The Brazilian Senate * ...

Auro de Moura Andrade Auro Soares de Moura Andrade (19 September 1915 – 29 May 1982), commonly known as Auro de Moura Andrade or Moura Andrade, was a Brazilian lawyer and politician. He was born into a wealthy family of farmers from the countryside, son of the catt ...

, in an extraordinary session declared the presidency of the Republic vacant and immediately closed the session. As he was leaving, Rogê physically assaulted Andrede with two spits, while his colleague,

Tancredo Neves Tancredo de Almeida Neves () (4 March 1910 – 21 April 1985) was a Brazilian politician, lawyer, and entrepreneur. He served as Ministry of Justice and Public Security (Brazil), Minister of Justice and Internal Affairs from 1953 to 1954, Pri ...

, called Andrade a “scoundrel, scoundrel”'. Shortly after the establishment of the

Brazilian Military Dictatorship The military dictatorship in Brazil (), occasionally referred to as the Fifth Brazilian Republic, was established on 1 April 1964, after a coup d'état by the Brazilian Armed Forces, with support from the United States government, against presi ...

, Rogê Ferreira had his mandate revoked and his political rights suspended by .

Resumption of political activity

After the , he returned to politics in , when he ran for governor of the state of São Paulo for the Democratic Labor Party (PDT), of which he became state president. Despite his good performance in the televised debates between the candidates, he came fifth and last in the election. In the debate promoted by

TV Bandeirantes Rede Bandeirantes (, ''Bandeirantes Network''), or simply known as Band (), is a Brazilian free-to-air television network. It began broadcasting on May 13, 1967 on VHF channel 13 in São Paulo. Its founder was businessman João Saad with t ...

, Rogê questioned the

Workers' Party Workers' Party is a name used by several political parties throughout the world. The name has been used by both organisations on the left and right of the political spectrum. It is currently used by followers of Marxism, Marxism–Leninism, Maoism ...

(PT) candidate, Lula, “Lula, after all, are you a

socialist Socialism is an economic ideology, economic and political philosophy encompassing diverse Economic system, economic and social systems characterised by social ownership of the means of production, as opposed to private ownership. It describes ...

, a

communist Communism () is a sociopolitical, philosophical, and economic ideology within the socialist movement, whose goal is the creation of a communist society, a socioeconomic order centered on common ownership of the means of production, di ...

or a

worker Worker may refer to: * Worker, a person who performs work for a living * Laborer, a person who performs unskilled physical labour, especially in construction * Worker, a member of the working class * Worker, a member of the workforce ** Designati ...

?” and Lula replied “I'm a lathe operator”. In these elections, despite being an opponent, he maintained good relations with the winning candidate,

Franco Montoro André Franco Montoro (; 14 July 1916 – 16 July 1999) was a Brazilian politician and lawyer. He was born in São Paulo as the son of André de Blois Montoro and Tomásia Alijostes. He was a senator and governor of São Paulo, winning against S ...

of the

Brazilian Democratic Movement Party The Brazilian Democratic Movement (, MDB) is a Brazilian political party. It is considered a " big tent party" and it is one of the parties with the greatest representation throughout the national territory, with the most numbers of senators, ...

(PMDB). In , he returned to his old party, the Brazilian Socialist Party, which had just been refunded with the end of the military dictatorship. At the end of that year, he ran for mayor of São Paulo; however, during the televised campaign, he withdrew from the race in favor of

Fernando Henrique Cardoso Fernando Henrique Cardoso (; born 18 June 1931), also known by his initials FHC (), is a Brazilian sociologist, professor, and politician who served as the 34th president of Brazil from 1 January 1995 to 1 January 2003. He was the first Brazi ...

(PMDB), who would be defeated by former president

Jânio Quadros Jânio da Silva Quadros (; 25 January 1917 – 16 February 1992) was a Brazilian lawyer and politician who served as the 22nd president of Brazil from 31 January to 25 August 1961, when he resigned from office. He also served as the 24th a ...

( PTB). The following year he tried to return to the Federal Chamber, whose new legislature would form the National Constituent Assembly. Despite his excellent voting record – after receiving 72,538 votes, one of the twenty-five largest in the state and one of the ten largest in the capital – he didn't get elected because the PSB didn't reach the

hare quota The Hare quota (sometimes called the simple, ideal, or Hamilton quota) is the number of voters represented by each legislator in an idealized system of proportional representation where every vote is used to elect someone. The Hare quota is eq ...

. From that election onwards, which would be his last, he led the regional alignment of his party, the PSB, with the São Paulo PMDB, then led by

Orestes Quércia Orestes Quércia (; 18 August 1938 – 24 December 2010) was a Brazilian politician who served as the 28th governor of São Paulo State. Early life and education The son of Octavio Quércia and Isaura Roque Quércia, Orestes Quércia lived in Pe ...

, who was elected governor. During the Quércia administration, Rogê took over the presidency of the state-owned ; in return, as president of the PSB's regional office, he announced his support for , Quércia's candidate in the . As a result, the PSB's regional office in São Paulo suffered an intervention from the PSB's national office, which had decided to support the PT's candidate,

Luiza Erundina Luiza Erundina de Sousa (; November 30, 1934) is a Brazilian politician, born in Uiraúna, a small city in the interior of the Brazilian state of Paraíba. Political history From 1980 to 1997, she was affiliated with the Workers' Party (Brazil ...

Death

Rogê died at the age of 69, after three weeks hospitalized in the UniCor Hospital in the Morumbi neighborhood of São Paulo, from a

lung infection Lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) is a term often used as a synonym for pneumonia but can also be applied to other types of infection including lung abscess and acute bronchitis. Symptoms include shortness of breath, weakness, fever, cou ...

that triggered

septicemia Sepsis is a potentially life-threatening condition that arises when the body's response to infection causes injury to its own tissues and organs. This initial stage of sepsis is followed by suppression of the immune system. Common signs and s ...

. In his honor, a school in the Jaraguá district of São Paulo bears his name. In the city of

Campinas Campinas (, ''Plains'' or ''Meadows'') is a Brazilian Municipalities of Brazil, municipality in São Paulo (state), São Paulo State, part of the country's Southeast Region, Brazil, Southeast Region. According to the 2020 estimate, the city's popul ...

, in the interior of the state of São Paulo, a multi-sports court bears his name.

Sports

Rogê Ferreira was also active in sport, serving on the board of

Sport Club Corinthians Paulista Sport Club Corinthians Paulista () is a Brazilian professional sports club based in São Paulo, in the district of Tatuapé. Although it competes in multiple sports modalities, it is best known for its professional men's Association football, f ...

. He was also president of the .

References

{{Reflist 1922 births 1991 deaths Politicians from São Paulo University of São Paulo alumni 20th-century Brazilian lawyers Democratic Labour Party (Brazil) politicians Brazilian Socialist Party politicians Members of the Legislative Assembly of São Paulo Members of the Chamber of Deputies (Brazil) from São Paulo Brazilian socialists Deaths from sepsis