This is an alphabetical list of named rocks (and

meteorite A meteorite is a solid piece of debris from an object, such as a comet, asteroid, or meteoroid, that originates in outer space and survives its passage through the atmosphere to reach the surface of a planet or Natural satellite, moon. When the ...

s) found on Mars, by mission. This list is a sampling of rocks viewed, and is not an exhaustive listing. A more complete listing may be found on the various NASA mission web sites. This listing does ''not'' include Martian meteorites found on Earth. Names for Mars

rocks In geology, rock (or stone) is any naturally occurring solid mass or aggregate of minerals or mineraloid matter. It is categorized by the minerals included, its chemical composition, and the way in which it is formed. Rocks form the Earth's ...

are largely unofficial designations used for ease of discussion purposes, as the International Astronomical Union's official Martian naming system declares that objects smaller than are not to be given official names. Because of this, some less significant rocks seen in photos returned by Mars rovers have been named more than once, and others have even had their names changed later due to conflicts or even matters of opinion. Often rocks are named after the children or family members of astronauts or NASA employees. The name ''Jazzy'', for example, was taken from a girl named Jazzy who grew up in Grand Junction, CO, USA. Her father worked for NASA and contributed to the findings and naming of the rocks.

1976 – Viking program: ''Viking 1'' and ''Viking 2'' landers

'' Viking 1'' Lander – July 20, 1976; ''Last Earth Contact'' – November 13, 1982.
''Viking 1'' was operational on Mars for sols ( days; ').
Mars landing coordinates:
'' Viking 2'' Lander – September 3, 1976; ''Last Earth Contact'' – April 11, 1980.
''Viking 2'' was operational on Mars for sols ( days; ').
Mars landing coordinates:
''( Raw Images
Camera/Sol
an
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NASA Image Viewer
)'' File:MarsViking1Lander-BigJoeRock-19780211.jpg, Big Joe rock on Mars – viewed by the '' Viking 1'' Lander (February 11, 1978). File:Mars Viking 11h016.png, Big Joe rock on Mars – viewed by the '' Viking 1'' Lander (February 11, 1978). File:PIA00572-MarsRock-BigJoe-19970228.jpg, Big Joe rock on Mars – viewed by the '' Viking 1'' Lander. File:PIA00563-Viking1-FirstColorImage-19760721.jpg, Rocks on Mars – viewed by the ''Viking 1'' Lander (July 21, 1976). File:First Color Image of the Viking Lander 2 Site.jpg, Rocks on Mars – viewed by the '' Viking 2'' Lander (September 5, 1976). File:Vl2 22g144-MarsViking2-19770925.gif, Rocks on Mars – viewed by the ''Viking 2'' Lander (September 25, 1977).

1997 – ''Sojourner'' rover (Mars Pathfinder)

' rover – July 4, 1997; ''Last Earth Contact'' – September 27, 1997.
''Sojourner'' was operational on Mars for sols ( days; ').
Mars landing coordinates:
''( Raw Images
1-Camera/Sol
an

an

an
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an
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NASA Image Viewer
)'' * Anthill * Auto * Baby Otter * Bama * Bambam * Barnacle Bill * Barsoom * Basket * Bebob * Blackhawk * Book Shelf * Booboo * Bosco * Boyle * Brak * Brick * Broken Wall * Bug * Bullwinkle * Bunky * Cabbage Patch * Calvin * Cardiac Hill * Casper * Chimp * Clumk * Contour * Couch * Cradle * Darth Vader * Desert Princess * Dilbert * Dilbert's Boss * Dogbert * Dragon * Duck * Elvis * Ender * Flat Top * Flipper * Flute Top * Frog * Froggy * Garfield * Garibaldi * Garrak * Geordi * Ginger * Goldilocks * Goose * Gosling * Grandma * Grizzly * Grommit * Gumby * Half Dome * Hamster * Hardstop * Hassock * Hedgehog * Hero * Hippo * Hobbs * Homer * Hoppy * Iggie * Iguana * Indiana Jones * Jailhouse * Janeway * Jazzy * Jedi * Jimmy Cricket * Kitten * Lamb * Landon * Little Flat Top * Longhorn * Lookout * Lozenge * Lumpy * Lunchbox * Mafalda * Marvin the Martian * Matterhorn * Mesa * Mini * Mint Julep * Moe * Mohawk * Mouse * Mr. Mole * Nibbles * Nigel * Obelisk * Otter * Pancake * Paz * Penguin * Picnic * Piglet * Pinky * Pinocchio * Piper * Platypus * Pokey * Poohbear * Poptart * Potato * Pumpkin * Pyramid * Pyramid Point * Ratbert * Ren * Rocky * Rolling Stone * Rye Bread * Sandworm * Sardine * Sassafras * Scooby Doo * Scout * Seawolf * Shaggy * Shark * Simba * Sisyphus * Smidgen * Snoopy * Snowy * Snukums * Souffle * Squash * Squeeze * Space Ghost * Spock * Spud * Stack * Stimpy * Stripe * Stump * Sulu * T. Rex * The Dice * Tick * Tigger * Titus * Torres * Troll * Trooper * Turtle * Tweak * Valentine * Warthog * Wedge * Woodie * Yogi * Zaphod * Zorak * Zucchini File:PIA01238.jpg, Rover Map of ''Sojourner's'' route on Mars (Sol 83, 1997)
Archive
. File:Sojourner and Barnacle Bill.jpg, Barnacle Bill rock on Mars – near the ''Sojourner'' rover. File:PIA00819left-MarsRock-BarnacleBill.gif, Barnacle Bill rock on Mars - viewed by the ''Sojourner'' rover. File:Yogi Rock.jpg, Yogi rock (circled) on Mars – near the ''Sojourner'' rover. File:Pathfinder01.jpg, Yogi rock on Mars – analyzed by the ''Sojourner'' rover. File:NASA-MarsRock-Yogi-SuperRes.jpg, Yogi rock on Mars - viewed by the ''Sojourner'' rover.

2004 – ''Spirit'' rover (MER-A)

' Rover – January 4, 2004; ''Last Earth Contact'' – May 25, 2011.
''Spirit'' was operational on Mars for sols ( days; ').
Mars landing coordinates:
''( Raw Images
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NASA Image Viewer
)'' * Aboa * Adirondack * Allan Hills ( iron meteorite) * Arctowski * Belgrand * Bread-Basket * Casey Station * Castilla * ChanCheng * Cheyenne * Clovis * Coba * Cobra Hoods * Concordia * Davis * Druzhnaya * Ebenezer * El Dorado * Esperanza * Faget (geological feature) * Ferraz * Garruchaga * Gueslega * Halley * Home Plate (geological feature) * Humphrey * Juan Carlos * Jubany * King George Island * Kohnen * Korolev * Macquarie * Magic Carpet * Marambio * Mazatzal * Melchior *

Mimi Mimi or MIMI may refer to: People * Mimi (given name), a list of people and fictional characters * Constantin Mimi (1868–1935), Bessarabian politician and winemaker * Mimi (footballer, born 1996), Bissau Guinean footballer * Mohanad Ali (born 2 ...

* Molodezhnaya * Montalva * Oberth (geological feature) * O Higgens * Orcadas * Pot of Gold * Prat * Primero * Riquelme * San Martin * Sashimi * Scott Base * Sejong * Signy * Sobral * Stone Council * Sushi * Tetl * Tor * Tyrone * Vernadsky * Vostok * Wasa * White Boat * Wishstone * Zhong Shan ( iron meteorite) Image:SpiritTraverseMap.jpg, Rover Map of ''Spirit's'' route on Mars (Sol 1509, April 2, 2008)
Archive to Sol 2555, March 15, 2011
. Image:Adirondacksquare.jpg, " Adirondack" rock on Mars – viewed by the ''Spirit'' Rover. Image:PIA09089-RA3-hirise-closeup annotated.png, " Home Plate" rock outcrop on Mars – studied by the ''Spirit'' Rover. Image:Mars rock Mimi by Spirit rover.jpg, "

" rock on Mars – viewed by the ''Spirit'' rover. Image:Pot of gold upclose.jpg, " Pot of Gold" rock on Mars – viewed by the ''Spirit'' rover.

2004 – ''Opportunity'' rover (MER-B)

' rover – January 25, 2004; Last Earth Contact June 10, 2018.
''Opportunity'' was operational on Mars for sols ( days; ').
Mars landing coordinates:
''( Raw Images
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)'' * Amboy * Berry Bowl * Baltra *

Block Island Block Island is an island in the U.S. state of Rhode Island located in Block Island Sound approximately south of the mainland and east of Montauk Point, Long Island, New York, named after Dutch explorer Adriaen Block. It is part of Washingt ...

('' iron meteorite'') * "Blueberries" *

Bounce Bounce or The Bounce may refer to: * Deflection (physics), the event where an object Collision, collides with and bounces against a plane surface Books * Mr. Bounce, a character from the Mr. Men series of children's books Broadcasting, film and ...

* Bylot * Carousel * Chapeco * Cheyenne * Chocolate Hills * Cookies N Cream * Diamond Jenness * Earhart * El Capitan * Edmund * Ellesmere * Escher * Esperance * Flatrock * Florianopolis * Guadalupe *

Heat Shield In thermodynamics, heat is defined as the form of energy crossing the boundary of a thermodynamic system by virtue of a temperature difference across the boundary. A thermodynamic system does not ''contain'' heat. Nevertheless, the term is al ...

('' iron meteorite'') * Homestake ('' vein'') * Igreja * Ice Cream * Joacaba * Jornada del Muerto * Joseph McCoy * Kalavrita * Kettlestone * Kirkwood * Lamination * Last Chance * Lion Stone *

Mackinac Island Mackinac Island ( ; french: Île Mackinac; oj, Mishimikinaak ᒥᔑᒥᑭᓈᒃ; otw, Michilimackinac) is an island and resort area, covering in land area, in the U.S. state of Michigan. The name of the island in Odawa is Michilimackinac an ...

('' iron meteorite'') * Marquette Island * McKittrick * Meridiani Planum ('' iron meteorite'') *

Oileán Ruaidh Oileán Ruaidh ( ga, red island), anglicised as Island Roy, also called Oileán an Bhráighe ( ga, island of the captive), is a small island in Mulroy Bay, County Donegal, Ireland.

('' iron meteorite'') * Palemop * Pilbara * Pinnacle Island * Puffin * Pyrrho * Razorback * Santa Catarina * Sarah * Sergeant Charles Floyd * Shark Pellets * Shark's Tooth * Shelter Island ('' iron meteorite'') * Shoemaker * Slick * Snout * "Sparkling Spheres" * SpongeBob SquarePants * Steffers * Stone Mountain * Tennessee * The Outcrop * Tipuna * Tubarao * Videira * Wave Ripple * Whitewater River * Wopmay * Xanxer * Yuri Image:MERB Sol2055 1.jpg, Rover Map of ''Opportunity's'' route on Mars (Sol 2055, January 24, 2009)
Archive to Sol 3342, June 21, 2013
. Image:Block Island.jpg, "

on Mars – viewed by the ''Opportunity'' rover (July 31, 2009). Image:Blueberries eagle.gif, "Blueberries" ( hematite spheres) on rock outcrop at

Eagle Crater Eagle is a 22-metre long impact crater located on the Meridiani Planum extraterrestrial plain, situated within the Margaritifer Sinus quadrangle (MC-19) portion of the planet Mars. The Opportunity rover, ''Opportunity'' rover came to rest insid ...

– viewed by the ''Opportunity'' rover (Sol 46 – March, 2004). Image:PIA16139 Puzzling Little Martian Spheres That Don't Taste Like 'Blueberries'.tif, "Blueberries" at "Kirkwood" near Endeavour Crater – ''Opportunity'' rover (September 6, 2012). Image:58606main image feature 167 jwfull.jpg, "

" rock on Mars – viewed by the ''Opportunity'' rover. Image:PIA05457 modest.jpg, " El Capitan" rock outcrop on Mars – studied by the ''Opportunity'' rover. Image:El Capitan sol27 pancam.jpg, " El Capitan" rock outcrop on Mars – studied by the ''Opportunity'' rover. Image:PIA17074-MarsOpportunityRover-EsperanceRock-20130223-fig1.jpg, " Esperance" rock on Mars – viewed by the ''Opportunity'' rover (February 23, 2013). Image:PIA07269-Mars Rover Opportunity-Iron Meteorite.jpg, "

(officially, Meridiani Planum meteorite) on Mars – viewed by the ''Opportunity'' rover (January 6, 2005). Image:PIA16444-MarsOpportunityRover-HomestakeVein-20121112.jpg, "Homestake" vein on Mars – viewed by the ''Opportunity'' rover (November 12, 2012). Image:PIA23245-MarsOpportunityRover-Rock-JornadaDelMuerto-20190604.jpg, "Jornada del Muerto" – rock found in Perseverance Valley (posted June 4, 2019). Image:PIA05482 modest.jpg, " Last Chance" rock outcrop on Mars – viewed by the ''Opportunity'' rover. Image:Mackinac Island.jpg, "

on Mars – viewed by the ''Opportunity'' rover (October 13, 2009). Image:PIA13418 - Oileán Ruaidh meteorite on Mars (false colour).jpg, "

Oileán Ruaidh Oileán Ruaidh ( ga, red island), anglicised as Island Roy, also called Oileán an Bhráighe ( ga, island of the captive), is a small island in Mulroy Bay, County Donegal, Ireland.

on Mars – viewed by the ''Opportunity'' rover (September 24, 2010). Image:PIA17761-MarsOpportunityRover-MysteryRock-Sol3528-Sol3540-color.jpg, " Pinnacle Island" rock - "mysterious" appearance imaged by ''Opportunity'' (January 23, 2014). Image:MarsOpportunityRover-MysteryRock-Sol3528-Sol3540.jpg, " Pinnacle Island" rock - "mysterious" appearance imaged by ''Opportunity'' (January 17, 2014). Image:Mars Pinnacle Rock.png, " Pinnacle Island" rock - microscopic view by ''Opportunity'' (February 1, 2014). Image:PIA17942-MarsOpportunityRover-PinnacleIslandRockMysterySolved-20140204.jpg, " Pinnacle Island" rock - location where rock was dislodged by ''Opportunity'' (February 4, 2014). Image:Shelter Island meteorite cropped, sharpened and straightened.jpg, " Shelter Island"

on Mars – viewed by the ''Opportunity'' Rover (October 3, 2009). Image:391243main-MarsRover-ShelterIslandMeteorite-20091002-crop.jpg, " Shelter Island"

on Mars – viewed by the ''Opportunity'' rover (October 1, 2009). Image:The Mystery of the Sparkling Spheres.jpg, "Sparkling Spheres" embedded in trench wall at Meridiani Planum - viewed by the ''Opportunity'' rover (February, 2004). Image:PIA16445-MarsOpportunityRover-WhitewaterLakeRock-20121112.jpg, "Whitewater River" rock on Mars – viewed by the ''Opportunity'' rover (November 12, 2012).

2008 – ''Phoenix'' lander

'' '' lander – May 25, 2008; Green Valley, Vastitas Borealis − ''Last Earth Contact'' – November 10, 2008.
''Phoenix'' was operational on Mars for sols ( days; ').
Mars landing coordinates: ()
''( Raw Images
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an
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)'' * Baby Bear * Burn Alive * Burn Alive 3 * Dodo * Goldilocks * Lower Cupboard * Mama Bear * Neverland * Papa Bear * Rosy Red 2 * Rosy Red 3 * Runaway * Snow White * Stone Soup * Upper Cupboard

2012 – ''Curiosity'' rover (Mars Science Laboratory)

' rover – August 6, 2012; Gale crater; CURRENTLY ACTIVE.
As of , , ''Curiosity'' has been active for sols ( total days; ').
Mars landing coordinates: ()
''( Raw Images
Camera
an
Sol
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NASA Image Viewer
)'' * Alexander Hills (area) * Amargosa Valley (area) *

Bathurst Inlet Bathurst Inlet, officially Kiluhiqtuq, is a deep inlet located along the northern coast of the Canadian mainland, at the east end of Coronation Gulf, into which the Burnside and Western rivers empty. The name, or its native equivalent ''Kingo ...

* Bonanza King * Book Cliffs (area) * Buckskin * Burwash * Chinle (area) * Confidence Hills (area) * Coronation * Crest * Crestaurum * Cumberland * Darwin Outcrop * Dingo Gap (area) * Discovery Ridge (area) * Egg Rock (meteorite) * Ekwir_1 * Et-Then * Flower-like rock * Garden City (area) * Gator-Back Rocks * Gillespie (area) * Gillespie Lake * Glenelg (area) * Goulburn * Harrison * Hidden Valley (area) * High Dune (area) * Hottah * Ithaca * Jake Matijevic * John Klein-A/B/C * Kimberley (area) * Knorr * Lamoose * Lebanon ('' iron meteorite'') * Link * Little Colonsay * Missoula * Mojave (area) * Mojave 2 * Murray Unit (area) * Namib Dune (area) * Not Bones * Nova * Old Soaker * Pahrump Hills (area) * Panorama Point (area) * Pink Cliffs (area) * Point Lake (area) * Portage * Rapitan * Rocknest (area) * Rocknest 3 * Sayunei * Selwyn * Shaler * Sheepbed * Shoemaker * Snake River * Stimson unit (area) * Strathdon * Sutton Inlier (area) * Telegraph Peak (area) *

Tintina Tintina is a municipality and village in Santiago del Estero in Argentina Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the southern half of South America. Argentina covers an are ...

* Twin Cairns Island (area) * Unnamed-20120902 * Unnamed-20180102 * Vera Rubin Ridge (area) * Waypoint 1 (area) * Wernecke * Whale * Whimsical * Wildrose * Windjana * Winnipesaukee * Yellowjacket * Yellowknife Bay (area) Image:PIA17085-MarsCuriosityRover-TraverseMap-Sol351-20130801.jpg, First-Year and first-mil
Traverse Map
of the ''Curiosity'' rover on Mars (August 1, 2013
3-D
. Image:PIA19066-MarsCuriosityRover-AlexanderHillsRock-20141123-Fig1.jpg, "Alexander Hills"

bedrock In geology, bedrock is solid Rock (geology), rock that lies under loose material (regolith) within the crust (geology), crust of Earth or another terrestrial planet. Definition Bedrock is the solid rock that underlies looser surface mater ...

on Mars - viewed by ''Curiosity'' (November 23, 2014). Image:PIA14762-MarsCuriosityRover-BathurstInletRock.jpg, "

" rock on Mars – as viewed by the

MAHLI The Mahli are a community in the Indian states of Jharkhand, Odisha Odisha (English: , ), formerly Orissa ( the official name until 2011), is an Indian state located in Eastern India. It is the 8th largest state by area, and the 11th ...

camera on the ''Curiosity'' rover (September 30, 2012). Image:PIA18477-MarsCuriosityRover-BonanzaKingRock-Drill-20140911.jpg, "Bonanza King" rock on Mars - dusted and initially drilled (September 11, 2014). Image:PIA18478-MarsCuriosityRover-Bonanz-KingRock-Drill-LightColorVein-20140911.jpg, "Bonanza King" rock on Mars - drilling stopped due to loose rock (September 11, 2014). Image:PIA19804-MarsCuriosityRover-Missoula-BuckskinRock-Drilling-20150701.jpg, "Buckskin" rock on Mars – ''Curiosity'' drilling site
(July 30, 2015). Image:PIA16237-MarsCuriosityRover-BurwashRock-20121029.jpg, "Burwash" rock on Mars – as viewed by the

camera on the ''Curiosity'' rover (October 29, 2012). Image:PIA18609 - First Sampling Hole in Mount Sharp .jpg, "Confidence Hills" rock on Mars - ''Curiosity'' first target at Mount Sharp (September 24, 2014). Image:Mars Curiosity Rover-Coronation Rock-N165.jpg, " Coronation" rock on Mars – first target of the ChemCam laser analyzer on the ''Curiosity'' rover (August 17, 2012). Image:MarsCuriosityRover-CoronationRock-N165-20120817-crop.jpg, " Coronation" rock on Mars – close-up - viewed by the ''Curiosity'' rover (August 17, 2012). Image:PIA16234-MarsCuriosityRover-CrestaurumSand-20121025.gif, "Crestaurum" sand patch on Mars – before/after ChemCam laser hits – as viewed by ''Curiosity'' (October 20, 2012). Image:PIA16927-MarsCuriosityRover-CumberlandBedrock-20130219.jpg, "Cumberland"

on Mars - ''Curiosity'' second

drilling Drilling is a cutting process where a drill bit is spun to cut a hole of circular cross-section in solid materials. The drill bit is usually a rotary cutting tool, often multi-point. The bit is pressed against the work-piece and rotated at ra ...

site (Yellowknife Bay; February 19, 2013; white balanced). Image:PIA16935-MarsCuriosityRover-CumberlandBedrock-20130519.gif, "Cumberland"

on Mars - ''Curiosity'' second

site - before/after (Yellowknife Bay; May 19, 2013). Image:PIA17481-MarsCuriosityRover-DarwinRock-20130910.jpg, "Darwin" rock outcrop on Mars - viewed by ''Curiosity'' (Waypoint 1; September 10, 2013; overview). Image:PIA17361-MarsCuriosityRover-Darwin-Closeup-Waypoint1-20130921.jpg, "Darwin" rock outcrop ridge - viewed by ''Curiosity'' (Waypoint1; September 21, 2013; context). Image:PIA17362-MarsCuriosityRover-Sandstone-Waypoint1-20130921.jpg, "Darwin" sandstone on Mars - viewed by the ''Curiosity'' rover (Waypoint 1; September 21, 2013; closeup). Image:PIA21134-MarsCuriosityRoverFindsMeteorite-EggRockContext-20161027.jpg, "Egg Rock"

on Mars - viewed by ''Curiosity'' (Murray formation; October 27, 2016; context). Image:PIA21133 Iron-Nickel Meteorite Zapped by Mars Rover's Laser, Figure 1.jpg, "Egg Rock"

on Mars - viewed by ''Curiosity'' (Murray formation; October 27, 2016; closeup). Image:PIA16619-MarsCuriosityRover-Ekwir1-CleanDRT-20130106.gif, "Ekwir_1" rock on Mars – cleaned with ''Curiosity'' " Dust Removal Tool" (DRT) (January 6, 2013
closeup
. Image:PIA16236-MarsCuriosityRover-EtThenRock-20121029.jpg, "Et-Then" rock on Mars – as viewed by the

camera on the ''Curiosity'' rover (October 29, 2012). Image:PIA25077-MarsCuriosityRover-RockFlower-20220224.jpg, "Flower"-like rock – as viewed by the ''Curiosity'' rover (February 24, 2022) Image:PIA19161-MarsCuriosityRover-GardenCityArea-20150318.jpg, "Garden City" rock – as viewed by the ''Curiosity'' rover (March 18, 2015). Image:PIA19162-MarsCuriosityRover-GardenCityArea-20150325.jpg, "Garden City" rock − closeup – as viewed by the

camera on the ''Curiosity'' rover (March 2, 2015). Image:PIA25175-MarsCuriosityRover-GatorBackRocks-Closeup-20220315.jpg, "Gator-Back" rocks − closeup as viewed by the ''Curiosity'' rover (March 15, 2022). Image:PIA16618 fig1-MarsCuriosityRover-GillespieRock-Texture.jpg, "Gillespie Lake" rock texture – as viewed by the

camera on the ''Curiosity'' rover (December 19, 2012). Image:PIA16187-MarsCuriosityRover-Goulburn-20120819.jpg, " Goulburn" rock outcrop on Mars – ancient

streambed A stream bed or streambed is the bottom of a stream or river (bathymetry) or the physical confine of the normal water flow (channel). The lateral confines or channel margins are known as the stream banks or river banks, during all but flood st ...

viewed by ''Curiosity'' (August 17, 2012). Image:PIA16187-MarsCuriosityRover-GoulburnRock-20120817-crop.jpg, " Goulburn" rock outcrop on Mars – close-up viewed by ''Curiosity'' (August 17, 2012). Image:PIA17768-MarsCuriosityRover-HarrisonRock-20140115.jpg, "Harrison" rock (and crystals) on Mars – viewed by the ''Curiosity'' rover (January 15, 2014). Image:PIA18590-MarsCuriosityRover-HiddenValleyTracks-20140804.jpg, " Hidden Valley" sand - ''Curiosity'' tracks (August 4, 2014). Image:PIA19074-MarsCuriosityRover-HiddenValley-SedimentaryDepositLakebedRocks-20140807.jpg, " Hidden Valley" water-related

sedimentary deposits Superficial deposits (or surficial deposits) refer to geological deposits typically of Quaternary age (less than 2.6 million years old). These geologically recent unconsolidated sediments may include stream channel and floodplain deposits, beach ...

on Mars – '' Curiosity'' rover (August 7, 2014). Image:PIA20171-MarsCuriosityRover-HighDune-Sand-Closeup-20151205.jpg, "High Dune" sand (undisturbed) on Mars – ''Curiosity'' rover (December 5, 2015). Image:PIA17062-MarsCuriosityRover-HottahRockOutcrop-20120915.jpg, " Hottah" rock outcrop on Mars – ancient

viewed by ''Curiosity'' (September 12, 2012
closeup3-D
. Image:PIA17592-MarsCuriosityRover-IthacaRock-20131030.jpg, "Ithaca" rock on Mars – target of the ChemCam laser analyzer on ''Curiosity'' (October 30, 2013
closeup
. Image:Mars16.jpg, " Jake Matijevic" rock on Mars – a prime test target of the ''Curiosity'' rover (September 19, 2012). Image:PIA16192-MarsCuriosityRover-Target-JakeRock-20120927.jpg, Jake Matijevic rock on Mars – target of APSX & ChemCam on ''Curiosity'' (September 22, 2012). Image:PIA16568-MarsCuriosityRover-JohnKleinSiteRocks.jpg, "John Klein" A/B/C

mudstone Mudstone, a type of mudrock, is a fine-grained sedimentary rock whose original constituents were clays or muds. Mudstone is distinguished from '' shale'' by its lack of fissility (parallel layering).Blatt, H., and R.J. Tracy, 1996, ''Petrology. ...

on Mars – near ''Curiosity'' first

site (December 25, 2012). Image:PIA16762-MarsCuriosityRover-DrilledHole-20130206.gif, "John Klein"

- results of ''Curiosity'' first

tests (Yellowknife Bay; February 6, 2013). Image:PIA17594-MarsCuriosityRover-JohKleinMudstoneDrillHole-20130510.jpg, "John Klein"

- drill hole () made by ''Curiosity'' (Yellowknife Bay; May 10, 2013). Image:PIA16792-MarsCuriosityRover-KnorrRock-20121220.jpg, "Knorr" sedimentary rock on Mars – as viewed by the MastCam on ''Curiosity'' (December 20, 2012). Image:PIA19828-MarsCuriosityRover-LamooseRock-20150711.jpg, "Lamoose" rock (high silica levels) – viewed by ''Curiosity'' (July 11, 2015). Image:PIA18387-MarsCuriosityRover-Lebanon-IronMeteorite-20140525.jpg, "Lebanon"

on Mars – viewed by ''Curiosity'' (May 25, 2014). Image:NASA Curiosity rover - Link to a Watery Past (692149main Williams-2pia16188-43).jpg, " Link" rock outcrop on Mars – ancient

viewed by ''Curiosity'' (September 2, 2012). Image:NASA-MarsCurioistyRover-ViewsShinyObject-20181126.png, "Little Colonsay" possible meteorite – viewed by ''Curiosity'' (November 26, 2018). Image:PIA19829-MarsCuriosityRover-MissoulaRockOutcrop-20150701-crop.jpg, "Missoula" rock outcrop on Mars – viewed by ''Curiosity'' (July 1, 2015). Image:PIA19804-MarsCuriosityRover-Missoula-BuckskinRock-Drilling-20150701.jpg, "Missoula" rock outcrop – "Buckskin" drilling site (July 1, 2015). Image:PIA19115-MarsCuriosityRover-DrillingMojave2Rock-20150131.jpg, "Mojave 2" rock on Mars –

site - viewed by ''Curiosity'' (December 31, 2015). Image:PIA20322-MarsCuriosityRover-ErosionResistantNodules-MountSharp-20160309.jpg, "Murray Unit" sandstone nodules – viewed by ''Curiosity'' (March 9, 2016). Image:PIA20317-MarsCuriosityRover-NamibDune-Sand-NightCloseup-20160122.jpg, "Namib Dune" sand on Mars (at night) – (''Curiosity'' rover; January 22, 2016). Image:MarsCuriosityRover-NotBones-20140821.jpg, "Not Bones" on Mars - viewed by ''Curiosity'' (August 21, 2014). Image:PIA18401-MarsCuriosityRover-NovaRock-LaserSpark-20140712.jpg, "Nova" rock on Mars – 1st laser spark imaged (''Curiosity'' rover; July 12, 2014
video (01:07)
. Image:PIA18388-MarsCuriosityRover-NovaRock-ChemCam-20140712.jpg, "Nova" rock on Mars – ChemCam spectra (''Curiosity'' rover; July 12, 2014). Image:PIA21262-MarsCuriosityRover-PossibleMudCracks-OldSoaker-20161220.jpg, "Old Soaker" rock slab on Mars – Possible mud cracks (''Curiosity'' rover; December 20, 2016). Image:PIA18610-MarsCuriosityRover-PahrumpHillsOutcrop-Mahli-Sol758-20140923.jpg, "Pahrump Hills" rock outcrop on Mars – viewed by ''Curiosity'' (September 23, 2014). Image:PIA18881-MarsCuriosityRover-PahrumpHillsBedrock-20141109.tif, "Pahrump Hills"

on Mars - viewed by ''Curiosity'' (November 9, 2014). Image:PIA18883-MarsCuriosityRover-PahrumpHills-Sand-20141113.jpg, "Pahrump Hills" sand - viewed by ''Curiosity'' (November 13, 2014). Image:PIA18882-MarsCuriosityRover-PahrumpHillsSand-WheelTrack-20141107.tif, "Pahrump Hills" sand - ''Curiosity'' tracks (November 7, 2014). Image:PIA18880-MarsCuriosityRover-PinkCliffs-20141007.jpg, "Pink Cliffs" rock outcrop on Mars - viewed by ''Curiosity'' (October 7, 2014). Image:PIA17267-MarsCuriosityRover-PointOutlook-Outcrop-Detail-20130613.jpg, "Point Lake" rock outcrop (detail) on Mars – viewed by ''Curiosity'' (June 13, 2013
context
. Image:PIA16204-MarsCuriosityRover-Rocknest-20120928.jpg, " Rocknest" sand patch on Mars – target for the first use of ''Curiosity'' scoop (September 28, 2012). Image:PIA16174-MarsCuriosityRover-Sand-Rocknest-20121030.jpg, " Rocknest" sand – first X-ray analysis of Martian soil (''Curiosity'' rover; October 30, 2012) Image:PIA16193-MarsCuriosityRover-ScoffmarkInSand-2011004.jpg, " Rocknest" sand on Mars – scoffmark made by the ''Curiosity'' rover (

, October 4, 2012). Image:PIA16226-MarsCuriosityRover-FirstScoopOfSoil-20121007.jpg, " Rocknest" sand patch on Mars – ''Curiosity''

scooper In journalism, a scoop or exclusive is an item of news reported by one journalist or news organization before others, and of exceptional originality, importance, surprise, excitement, or secrecy. Scoops are important and likely to interest or ...

sifts a load of sand (October 7, 2012). Image:PIA20170-MarsCuriosityRover-WheelTrackInSand-20151203.jpg, Sand tracks – uncover finer grains (''Curiosity'' rover; December 3, 2015). Image:PIA16452-MarsCuriosityRover-Rocknest3Rock-20121005.jpg, " Rocknest 3" rock on Mars – as viewed by the MastCam on ''Curiosity'' (October 5, 2012). Image:PIA21143 - Sand Moving Under Curiosity, One Day to Next, Animation.gif, Sand moving on Mars – as viewed by ''Curiosity'' (January 23, 2017). Image:PIA16711-MarsCuriosityRover-SayunyeiRock-20130122wh.jpg, "Sayunei" rock on Mars – ''Curiosity'' view at night (January 22, 2013; wh light). Image:PIA16712-MarsCuriosityRover-SayuneiRock-20130122uv.jpg, "Sayunei" rock on Mars – ''Curiosity'' view at night (January 22, 2013; uv light). Image:PIA16550-MarsCuriosityRover-ShalerOutcrop-20121207.jpg, "Shaler" rock outcrop on Mars – as viewed by the MastCam on the ''Curiosity'' rover (December 7, 2012). Image:PIA16705 fig1-MarsCuriosityRover-SheepbedOutcrop-20121213.jpg, "Sheepbed" rock outcrop on Mars – as viewed by the MastCam on ''Curiosity'' (December 13, 2012). Image:MarsCuriosityRover-SnakeRiverRockFeature-PIA16564.jpg, "Snake River" rock feature on Mars – as viewed by ''Curiosity'' (December 20, 2012). Image:PIA23348-MarsCuriosityRover-StrathdonRock-20190709.jpg, "Strathdon" rock on Mars – viewed by the ''Curiosity'' rover (July 9, 2019). Image:PIA23347-MarsCuriosityRover-StrathdonRock-CloseUp-20190710.jpg, "Strathdon-closeup" rock on Mars – viewed by the ''Curiosity'' rover (July 10, 2019). Image:PIA16804-MarsCuriosityRover-SuttonInlierRock-20130131.jpg, "Sutton Inlier" rock on Mars – broken by the ''Curiosity'' rover (January 31, 2013). Image:PIA17262-MarsCuriosityRover-SuttonInlierRockLaserTarget-20130511.gif, "Sutton Inlier" soil on Mars - target of ChemCam's laser - ''Curiosity'' rover (May 11, 2013). Image:PIA16795-MarsCuriosityRover-TintinaRock-Context-20130119.jpg,

broken hydrated rock on Mars – viewed by ''Curiosity'' (January 19, 2013; context). Image:PIA16796-MarsCuriosityRover-TintinaRock-Hydration-20130119.jpg,

broken hydrated rock on Mars – viewed by ''Curiosity'' (January 19, 2013; analysis). Image:PIA16803-MarsCuriosityRover-UnnamedRock-20120902.jpg, "Unnamed-20120902" rock on Mars – as viewed by the ''Curiosity'' rover (September 2, 2012). Image:Mars-Curiosity-RockStructures-20180102.jpg, "Unnamed-20180102" curious rock shapes (bio or geo?) on Mars – as viewed by ''Curiosity'' (January 2, 2018). Image:Mars-CuriosityRover-PossibleFossilizedAlienFootprints.jpg, "Unnamed-20180305" curious rock shapes (bio or geo?) on Mars – as viewed by ''Curiosity'' (March 5, 2018). Image:PIA16790-MarsCuriosityRover-WerneckeRock-20130126.jpg, "Wernecke" rock on Mars – cleaned with ''Curiosity'' " Dust Removal Tool" (DRT) (January 26, 2013). Image:PIA19076-MarsCuriosityRover-WhaleRock-CrossBedding-20141102.jpg, "Whale" rock on Mars - cross-bedding due to passage of water - as viewed by ''Curiosity'' (November 2, 2014). Image:MarsCuriosityRover-WhimsicalRock-20210727.png, "Whimsical" rock on Mars as viewed from the ''Curiosity'' rover (July 27, 2021). Image:PIA18087-MarsCuriosityRover-WindjanaRockContext-20140423a.jpg, "Windjana" sandstone on Mars - as viewed by the ''Curiosity'' rover (Kimberley; April 23, 2014; context). Image:PIA18089-MarsCuriosityRover-WindjanaRockDrilling-20140429.jpg, "Windjana" sandstone on Mars - drill hole () made by ''Curiosity'' (Kimberley; April 29, 2014). Image:PIA18396-MarsCuriosityRover-WinnipesaukeeRock-20140625.jpg, "Winnipesaukee" rock on Mars - target of the ChemCam laser analyzer on ''Curiosity'' (June 8, 2014). Image:PIA19661-MarsCuriosityRover-YellowjacketRock-20150515.jpg, "Yellowjacket" rock on Mars – as viewed by the ''Curiosity'' rover (May 15, 2015). PIA22210-Mars-CuriosityRover-GaleCrater-20171025-annotated

PIA22210-Mars-CuriosityRover-GaleCrater-20171025-annotated

2018 – ''InSight'' lander

– May 8, 2018;

Elysium Planitia Elysium Planitia, located in the Elysium and Aeolis quadrangles, is a broad plain that straddles the equator of Mars, centered at . It lies to the south of the volcanic province of Elysium, the second largest volcanic region on the planet, a ...

; CURRENTLY ACTIVE.
As of , , ''InSight'' has been active for sols ( days; ').
Mars landing coordinates: ()
''( Raw Images
NASA
an
JPL

NASA Image Viewer
)''

2021 – ''Perseverance'' rover (Mars 2020)

' rover – February 18, 2021; Jezero crater; CURRENTLY ACTIVE.
As of , , ''Perseverance'' has been active for sols ( total days; ').
Mars landing coordinates: ()
''( Raw Images
Camera
an
Sol
an
1-JPL

2-JPL

3-JPL

NASA Image Viewer
)'' * Landing Site (area) * AEGIS_0442B rock * Artuby outcrop (area) * Brac rock * Cine rock * "Crater Floor Fractured Rough" (area) * Delta sediment (area) * Dourbes rock * Faillefeu rock * First borehole (Roubion) * Foux rock * Garde rock * Intriguing rocks * Máaz – 1st study target * Máaz rock * Odd Rock * "Paver rocks" * Rochette rock * SnakeHead rock * Wind-carved rock * Yeehgo rock Image:Perseverance's First Full-Color Look at Mars.png, First color image
(February 18, 2021) Image:PIA24485-MarsPerseveranceRover-OctaviaEButlerLanding-DeltaSediment-20210222.jpg, Delta sediment
(February 22, 2021) Image:PIA24484-MarsPerseveranceRover-FirstStudyTarget-20210222.jpg, Máaz - 1st study target
(February 22, 2021) Image:PIA24264-MarsPerseveranceRover-WindCarvedRock-20210224c.jpg, Wind-carved rock
(February 24, 2021) Image:MarsPerseveranceRover-MáazRock-20210302.jpg, Máaz rock
(March 2, 2021) Image:PIA24492-MarsPerseveranceRover-YeehgoRock-20210310.jpg, Yeehgo rock
(March 7, 2021) Image:NASA-MarsPerseveranceRover-OddRock-20210328.jpg, Odd rock
(March 28, 2021) Image:PIA24627-MarsPerseveranceRover-IntriguingRocks-20210427.jpg, Intriguing rocks
(April 27, 2021) Image:PIA24641-MarsPerseveranceRover-WatsonCameraViewsRocks-20210510.webm, Focus test ( video; 0:05)
(May 10, 2021) Image:PIA24747-MarsPerseveranceRover-ArtubyOutcrop-20210617.jpg, Artuby outcrop
(June 17, 2021) Image:PIA24748-MarsPerseveranceRover-PaverRocks-20210710.gif, Examining "paver rocks"
(July 10, 2021) Image:PIA24728-Mars2020-FouxRock-20210711.jpg, Foux rock
(July 11, 2021) Image:PIA24796-MarsPerseveranceRover-1stBoreHole-20210807.jpg, First borehole (Roubion)
(August 7, 2021) Image:PIA24749-MarsPerseveranceRover-LaserHoles-RoubionHole-20210808.jpg, Rubion laser holes
(August 8, 2021) Image:PIA24767-MarsPerseveranceRover-RochetteRock-20210826.jpg, Rochette rock
(August 26, 2021) Image:PIA24805 - Navcam of Borehole - Sol190 by rover Perseverance.jpg, Rochette rock borehole
(September 1, 2021) Image:Perseverance-Selfie-at-Rochette-Horizontal-V2 (cropped).gif, Rochette rock boreholes
(September 10, 2021) Image:PIA24810-MarsIngenuityHelicopter-FaillefeuRock-20210904.jpg, Faillefeu rock
(September 4, 2021) Image:PIA24936-MarsPerseveranceRover-CineRock-20210917.jpg, Cine Rock
(September 17, 2021) Image:PIA25042-MarsPerseveranceRover-GardeRock-SHERLOC-20210918.jpg, Garde rock-SHERLOC
(September 18,2021) Image:PIA25043-MarsPerseveranceRover-GardeRock-Close-SHERLOC-20210918.jpg, Garde rock-SHERLOC
(September 18, 2021) Image:PIA24940-MarsPerseveranceRover-DourbesRock-WATSON-20211105.jpg, Dourbes rock-WATSON
(November 5, 2021) Image:PIA25041-MarsPerseveranceRover-DourbesRock-PIXL.jpg, Dourbes rock-PIXL
(November 5, 2021) Image:The “Brac” rock target in Jezero crater on Mars.png, Brac rock
(November 15, 2021) Image:PIA25289-MarsPerseveranceRover-SuperCam-RockB-20220518.jpg, "AEGIS_0442B" rock (May 18, 2022) Image:NASA-MarsPerseveranceRover-SnakeHeadRock-20220612.jpg, SnakeHead rock
(June 12, 2022) PIA25075-MarsPerseveranceRover-SantaCruz-20210429

PIA25075-MarsPerseveranceRover-SantaCruz-20210429

PIA24746-MarsPerseveranceRover-CraterFloorFracturedRough-20210708

PIA24765-MarsPerseveranceRover-1stDrillSite-20210728

PIA25172-MarsPerseveranceRover-SantaCruz-20220216

PIA25325-MarsPerseveranceRover-EnchantedLakeRocks-20220430

Other rock formations

* Cave entrances * Face on Mars * Mars monolith * Mars

rootless cone A rootless cone, also formerly called a pseudocrater, is a volcano, volcanic landform which resembles a true volcanic crater, but differs in that it is not an actual vent from which lava has erupted. They are characterised by the absence of any ma ...

s Image:Martian face viking cropped.jpg, " Face on Mars" – due to Sun's lighting ( ''Viking 1'' orbiter; July 25, 1976)
(). Image:Galle crater.gif, " Smiley face" in Galle Crater on Mars.
( ''Viking 1'' orbiter; 1970s). Image:NASA-Mars-$tarTrekFleetLogo-20190612.jpg, ''"

Star Trek ''Star Trek'' is an American science fiction media franchise created by Gene Roddenberry, which began with the eponymous 1960s television series and quickly became a worldwide pop-culture phenomenon. The franchise has expanded into vari ...

"'' Starfleet emblem – formed from dunes on Mars. Image:NASA-MarsCuriosityRover-RockSpikes-20220517.jpg, "Finger"-like rocks ( ''Curiosity'' rover; May 17, 2022) Image:NASA-MarsCuriosityRover-20141007-CropEnlarge.jpg, " Buddha"-like rock formation. ( ''Curiosity'' rover; October 7, 2014). Image:MarsCuriosityRover-DoorwayRockStructure-20220507.jpg, "Door"-like structure - ''Curiosity'' rover
(May 7, 2022). Image:The Mars Monolith.jpg, "Monolith" on Mars – rectangular

boulder In geology, a boulder (or rarely bowlder) is a rock fragment with size greater than in diameter. Smaller pieces are called cobbles and pebbles. While a boulder may be small enough to move or roll manually, others are extremely massive. In c ...

( MRO; July 24, 2008)
(). Image:PIA18594-Mars-UprightBoulder-20140703.jpg, Oblong

on Mars – lands upright after rolling down a hill ( MRO; July 3, 2014)
(). Image:Hearts-of-mars.jpg, "Heart-shaped" features on Mars ( MGS, MOC; February 14, 2004). Image:MarsHole-Near-PavonisMons-20200301.jpg, Mars hole near Pavonis Mons. Image:PIA24614-Mars-CollapsePit-20210427.jpg, Collapse pit
(December 28, 2020) Image:Mars caves from NASA orbiters.jpg, Cave entrances (possible) on Mars (

2001 Mars Odyssey ''2001 Mars Odyssey'' is a robotic spacecraft orbiting the planet Mars. The project was developed by NASA, and contracted out to Lockheed Martin, with an expected cost for the entire mission of US$297 million. Its mission is to use spectr ...

; September 24, 2007). Image:MarsCones-ESP_030192_2020.jpg,

Rootless cone A rootless cone, also formerly called a pseudocrater, is a volcano, volcanic landform which resembles a true volcanic crater, but differs in that it is not an actual vent from which lava has erupted. They are characterised by the absence of any ma ...

s on Mars – due to

lava flows Lava is molten or partially molten rock ( magma) that has been expelled from the interior of a terrestrial planet (such as Earth) or a moon onto its surface. Lava may be erupted at a volcano or through a fracture in the crust, on land o ...

interacting with water ( MRO; January 4, 2013)
(). Image:NASA-Mars-BlueDunes-20210412.jpg, Mars blue dunes
(April 12, 2021). Image:PIA24036-Mars-SandDuneRipples-20200812.jpg, Mars sand dune ripples (August 12, 2020). Image:ESP 031221 1315-Mars-CopernicusCrater-OlivineDuneTerrain-20190831.jpg, Copernicus crater - olivine sand dune terrain. Image:PIA23527-Mars-SandDunes-NHemisphereSpring-20190716.jpg, Sand dunes on Mars during springtime in the Northern Hemisphere. Image:PIA24420-Mars-FrostySandDunes-20210322.jpg, Mars frosty sand dunes
(March 22, 2021). Image:PIA23581-Mars-FrostedPolygons-20190708.jpg, Polygonal patterns highlighted by carbon dioxide frost. Image:PIA23529-Mars-DustDeposits-SyriaPlanum-20190811.jpg, Dust deposits-transverse aeolian ridges (TARs)-Syria Planum. Image:PIA23513-Mars-DustTower-20101130.jpg, Dust tower on Mars between

Olympus Mons Olympus Mons (; Latin for Mount Olympus) is a large shield volcano on Mars. The volcano has a height of over 21.9 km (13.6 mi or 72,000 ft) as measured by the Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA). Olympus Mons is about two and a h ...

and Valles Marineris. Image:PIA24468-Mars-Scallops-20210322.jpg, Scallop landforms (March 22, 2021). Image:PIA22896-Mars-SpiderlikeTerrain-20181211.jpg, Spider-like terrain on Mars. Image:PIA24470-Mars-Ridges-20210322.jpg, Mars ridges
(March 22, 2021). Image:Avalanche on North pole scarp on Mars.jpg, Mars avalanche
North pole
(November 27, 2011). Image:PIA24035-Mars-Avalanche-20190529.jpg, Mars avalanche
North pole
(May 29, 2019).

References

External links

Mars - Geologic Map
( USGS, 2014)
original
/ crop /

full Full may refer to: * People with the surname Full, including: ** Mr. Full (given name unknown), acting Governor of German Cameroon, 1913 to 1914 * A property in the mathematical field of topology; see Full set * A property of functors in the mathe ...

video (00:56)
. * Google Images
Rocks on Mars
an
Martian Rocks

Rocks on Mars (Geology.com)

Named Rocks on Mars (ppt file)

NASA – Mars Exploration Program

Understanding 35 weird objects on Mars

The Origins of Life
( Robert Hazen, NASA) (video, 38m, April 2014). * ( Robert Hazen, NASA) (video, 70m, July 2019). {{Portal bar, Astronomy, Biology, Geology, Solar System * *