Robert George Fowler (August 10, 1884 – June 15, 1966) was an early aviation pioneer and was the first person to make a west-to-east
transcontinental flight
A transcontinental flight is a non-stop passenger flight from one side of a continent to the other. The term usually refers to flights across the United States, between the East and West Coasts.
History
The first transcontinental multi-stop f ...
in North America in stages.
[
]
Biography
He was born on August 10, 1884, in San Francisco, California
San Francisco, officially the City and County of San Francisco, is a commercial, Financial District, San Francisco, financial, and Culture of San Francisco, cultural center of Northern California. With a population of 827,526 residents as of ...
. He married Leonore in 1913.[ She had been previously married.
]
Hearst prize
He left San Francisco, California
San Francisco, officially the City and County of San Francisco, is a commercial, Financial District, San Francisco, financial, and Culture of San Francisco, cultural center of Northern California. With a population of 827,526 residents as of ...
, on September 11, 1911, in an attempt to win the $50,000 (approximately $ today) Hearst prize in a Wright biplane equipped with a Cole Motor Car Company
The Cole Motor Car Company was an early automobile maker based in Indianapolis, Indiana. Cole automobiles were built from 1908 until 1925. They were quality-built luxury cars. The make is a pioneer of the V8 engine.
Early years
Joseph J. C ...
engine. After his first day he crashed in Alta, California
Alta ( Spanish for "Upper") is a small unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Placer County, California, United States, about northeast of Auburn. The village is located off Interstate 80 and along the historical Fi ...
. His cross-country flight was completed February 8, 1912, in Jacksonville, Florida
Jacksonville ( ) is the most populous city proper in the U.S. state of Florida, located on the Atlantic coast of North Florida, northeastern Florida. It is the county seat of Duval County, Florida, Duval County, with which the City of Jacksonv ...
, after the deadline, and the prize expired without a winner.
Panama Canal
After becoming the first person to traverse the United States from the West Coast to the East Coast, Fowler became the first person to make a nonstop transcontinental flight by traversing the Isthmus of Panama
The Isthmus of Panama, historically known as the Isthmus of Darien, is the narrow strip of land that lies between the Caribbean Sea and the Pacific Ocean, linking North America, North and South America. The country of Panama is located on the i ...
in an hour and thirty-five minutes on 27 April 1913. Flying from the Pacific to the Atlantic along the route of the Panama Canal
The Panama Canal () is an artificial waterway in Panama that connects the Caribbean Sea with the Pacific Ocean. It cuts across the narrowest point of the Isthmus of Panama, and is a Channel (geography), conduit for maritime trade between th ...
construction in a single-engine hydroplane, his passenger and cameraman Ray Duhem
Ray or RAY may refer to:
Fish
* Ray (fish), any cartilaginous fish of the superorder Batoidea
* Ray (fish fin anatomy), the bony or horny spine on ray-finned fish
Science and mathematics
* Half-line (geometry) or ray, half of a line split at an ...
filmed parts of the canal during the flight.[ The film when released was eventually called '' The Panama and the Canal from an Aeroplane''.
]
That same month, pictures taken by Duhem of fortifications in the Panama Canal Zone
The Panama Canal Zone (), also known as just the Canal Zone, was a International zone#Concessions, concession of the United States located in the Isthmus of Panama that existed from 1903 to 1979. It consisted of the Panama Canal and an area gene ...
, as well as photos of the Presidio of San Francisco
The Presidio of San Francisco (originally, El Presidio Real de San Francisco or The Royal Fortress of Saint Francis) is a park and former U.S. Army post on the northern tip of the San Francisco Peninsula in San Francisco, California, and is part ...
(then an active military installation), were published in ''Sunset magazine
''Sunset'' is a lifestyle magazine in the United States. ''Sunset'' focuses on homes, cooking, gardening, and travel, with a focus almost exclusively on the Western United States. The magazine is published six times per year by the Sunset Publis ...
'' under the title " Can the Panama Canal Be Destroyed from the Air?" After publication, the Department of War asked the U.S. Attorney in San Francisco, John W. Preston, to investigate the matter. On July 10, 1914, warrants were issued for the arrest of Fowler, Duhem, writer Riley A. Scott Riley may refer to:
Businesses
* Riley (brand), British sporting goods brand founded in 1878
* Riley Motor, British motorcar and bicycle manufacturera 1890–1969
* Riley Technologies, American auto racing constructor and team, founded by Bob Ri ...
, and ''Sunset'' editor Charles K. Field, with Preston stating that new regulations passed by US Congress
The United States Congress is the legislature, legislative branch of the federal government of the United States. It is a Bicameralism, bicameral legislature, including a Lower house, lower body, the United States House of Representatives, ...
made it illegal "for a civilian to take or publish photographs of any fortification, whether complete or in process of construction.
The following day the men appeared at the United States Commissioner in San Francisco, with Fowler claiming that they had received the permission of the chief engineer of the canal, Colonel George Washington Goethals
George Washington Goethals ( June 29, 1858 – January 21, 1928) was an American military officer and civil engineer, best known for his administration and supervision of the construction and the opening of the Panama Canal. He was the first Go ...
before flying: "Col. Goethals not only gave his permission, but he wished us the best of luck, and said he hoped the pictures would turn out well." Their trial was set for that August 10, 1914, but by June 15, 1915, a grand jury had declined to review the case. It was ultimately dropped because evidence was insufficient.
L-W-F
The Lowe, Willard & Fowler Engineering Company, was founded on Long Island
Long Island is a densely populated continental island in southeastern New York (state), New York state, extending into the Atlantic Ocean. It constitutes a significant share of the New York metropolitan area in both population and land are ...
, New York, in December 1915. It was named for founders Edward Lowe Jr., Charles F. Willard, and Robert G. Fowler, and was also considered to be named after the construction it developed, the laminated wood fuselage. "Lowe provided most of the financing, while Fowler attracted Willard. Lowe soon secured total control, renaming the firm L-W-F Engineering, and Fowler and Willard departed in 1916."
Fowler Airplane Corporation
In 1918, Robert Fowler established the Fowler Airplane Corporation, located on Howard Street in San Francisco, to build Curtiss JN-4Ds for the U.S. Army Signal Corps. It was one of six companies that built the design under license.[Johnson, E. R., "American Military Training Aircraft: Fixed and Rotary-Wing Trainers Since 1916", McFarland and Company, Inc., Jefferson, North Carolina, 2015, Library of Congress card number 2014046889, , page 25.]
Death
He died of a heart attack
A myocardial infarction (MI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when Ischemia, blood flow decreases or stops in one of the coronary arteries of the heart, causing infarction (tissue death) to the heart muscle. The most common symptom ...
on June 15, 1966, at his home in San Jose, California
San Jose, officially the City of San José ( ; ), is a cultural, commercial, and political center within Silicon Valley and the San Francisco Bay Area. With a city population of 997,368 and a metropolitan area population of 1.95 million, it is ...
. He was buried in the Santa Clara Mission Cemetery in Santa Clara, California
Santa Clara ( ; Spanish language, Spanish for "Clare of Assisi, Saint Clare") is a city in Santa Clara County, California. The city's population was 127,647 at the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, making it the List of cities and towns i ...
.
See also
* Editor and aviator are arrested for disclosing military secrets, ''Morning Press'', July 11, 1914.
References
External links
Robert G. Fowler
at Early Aviators
The Early Birds of Aviation is an organization devoted to the history of early pilots. The organization was started in 1928 and accepted a membership of 598 pioneering aviators.
Membership was limited to those who piloted a glider, gas balloon ...
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Fowler, Robert
American aviators
Members of the Early Birds of Aviation
1884 births
1966 deaths
People from San Francisco
People from San Jose, California