Robert F. Turner
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Robert F. Turner (born February 14, 1944) was a professor of
international law International law, also known as public international law and the law of nations, is the set of Rule of law, rules, norms, Customary law, legal customs and standards that State (polity), states and other actors feel an obligation to, and generall ...
and national security law at the
University of Virginia The University of Virginia (UVA) is a Public university#United States, public research university in Charlottesville, Virginia, United States. It was founded in 1819 by Thomas Jefferson and contains his The Lawn, Academical Village, a World H ...
and the co-founder of its Center for National Security Law.


Education

Turner earned his BA in Government with honors from
Indiana University Indiana University (IU) is a state university system, system of Public university, public universities in the U.S. state of Indiana. The system has two core campuses, five regional campuses, and two regional centers under the administration o ...
in 1968. While attending the university, he became chairman of the Intercollegiate Society of Individualists Conservative League. Later, he became the National Research Director for Student Committee for Victory in Vietnam. He undertook graduate work in history and political science at
Stanford University Leland Stanford Junior University, commonly referred to as Stanford University, is a Private university, private research university in Stanford, California, United States. It was founded in 1885 by railroad magnate Leland Stanford (the eighth ...
in 1972 and 1973 while employed by the
Hoover Institution The Hoover Institution (officially The Hoover Institution on War, Revolution, and Peace and formerly The Hoover Institute and Library on War, Revolution, and Peace) is an American public policy think tank which promotes personal and economic ...
. He enrolled in Government and Foreign Affairs coursework in 1979-1981 while attending law school at the
University of Virginia The University of Virginia (UVA) is a Public university#United States, public research university in Charlottesville, Virginia, United States. It was founded in 1819 by Thomas Jefferson and contains his The Lawn, Academical Village, a World H ...
, where he earned his J.D degree. He earned a
Doctor of Juridical Science A Doctor of Juridical Science (SJD; ), or a Doctor of the Science of Law (JSD; ), is a research doctorate degree in law that is equivalent to a Ph.D. degree. In most countries, it is the most advanced law degree that can be earned. Australia ...
(SJD) degree from UVA in 1996.


Career

Turner was a correspondent in Vietnam for the ''
Indianapolis News The ''Indianapolis News'' was an evening newspaper published for 130 years, beginning December 7, 1869, and ending on October 1, 1999. The "Great Hoosier Daily," as it was known, at one time held the largest circulation in the state of Indiana. ...
'' in 1968. He was commissioned a U.S. Army captain through the
ROTC The Reserve Officers' Training Corps (ROTC; or ) is a group of college- and university-based officer-training programs for training commissioned officers of the United States Armed Forces. While ROTC graduate officers serve in all branches o ...
program and assigned to the intelligence services. He served in
Vietnam Vietnam, officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (SRV), is a country at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of about and a population of over 100 million, making it the world's List of countries and depende ...
from 1968 through 1971, primarily assigned to MACV on detail to the US Embassy as Assistant Special Projects Officer, North Vietnam/Viet Cong Affairs Division. His duties included interviewing senior communist defectors and prisoners and briefing the media. In his capacity as Special Projects Officer, he also authored a top secret monograph on Viet Cong assassination policy. In 1971, he became a research assistant at the Hoover Institution on War, Revolution and Peace, where "he contributed ten chapters on communist movements in Southeast Asia to the ''Yearbook on International Communist Affairs'' (1972)." In 1972, he became a Public Affairs Fellow. He spent his first year researching at Stanford and completing his book on Vietnamese Communism and his second year on Capitol Hill. During that period, he also served as Associate Editor (Asia and Pacific) for the ''Yearbook on International Communist Affairs'' (1973-1974). When his fellowship was complete, Turner became Special Assistant and Legislative Assistant to U.S. Senator Robert P. Griffin of Michigan for five years. He served as Griffin's national security advisor and was responsible for
Foreign Affairs ''Foreign Affairs'' is an American magazine of international relations and foreign policy of the United States, U.S. foreign policy published by the Council on Foreign Relations, a nonprofit organization, nonprofit, nonpartisan, membership or ...
, Armed Services and
Intelligence Intelligence has been defined in many ways: the capacity for abstraction, logic, understanding, self-awareness, learning, emotional knowledge, reasoning, planning, creativity, critical thinking, and problem-solving. It can be described as t ...
issues. He helped draft the language that created the
Senate Select Committee on Intelligence The United States Senate Select Committee on Intelligence (sometimes referred to as the Intelligence Committee or SSCI) is dedicated to overseeing the United States Intelligence Community—the agencies and bureaus of the federal government of ...
. In April 1981, Turner co-founded the Center for National Security Law with John Norton Moore. He also took a leave of absence to become the Special Assistant to the Undersecretary of Defense for Policy as well as Counsel to the President's Intelligence Oversight Board, where he served for two years. Then he served as Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary for Legislative and Governmental Affairs for the
United States Department of State The United States Department of State (DOS), or simply the State Department, is an United States federal executive departments, executive department of the U.S. federal government responsible for the country's foreign policy of the United State ...
until 1985. Turner served from 1986 to 1987 as the first President and CEO of the
United States Institute of Peace The United States Institute of Peace (USIP) is an American independent, nonprofit, national institute funded by the U.S. Congress and tasked with promoting conflict resolution and prevention worldwide. See alsPDF on USIP website. It provides rese ...
. Two years later, he began the first of three terms as the chair of the
American Bar Association The American Bar Association (ABA) is a voluntary association, voluntary bar association of lawyers and law students in the United States; national in scope, it is not specific to any single jurisdiction. Founded in 1878, the ABA's stated acti ...
Standing Committee on Law and National Security. He held the post until 1992. He also served as editor of the ABA ''National Security Law Report''. In 1991, Turner co-edited and published ''National Security Law and Policy''. At the time of its creation, the field of national security law did not exist as a separate discipline in the legal profession. In 1994, he received a one-year appointment to the U.S.
Naval War College The Naval War College (NWC or NAVWARCOL) is the staff college and "Home of Thought" for the United States Navy at Naval Station Newport in Newport, Rhode Island. The NWC educates and develops leaders, supports defining the future Navy and associa ...
and became the Charles H. Stockton Professor of International Law. That same year, he was described in a ''Michigan Law Review'' article as one of the "two most distinguished and careful commentators" in the area of the law and the Vietnam War. In 2000, Turner chaired a study investigating the paternity of
Sally Hemings Sarah "Sally" Hemings ( 1773 – 1835) was a Black people, black woman Slavery in the United States, enslaved to the third President of the United States Thomas Jefferson, inherited among many others from his father-in-law, John Wayles. Hemi ...
' children. The project concluded that the most likely father was
Thomas Jefferson Thomas Jefferson (, 1743July 4, 1826) was an American Founding Fathers of the United States, Founding Father and the third president of the United States from 1801 to 1809. He was the primary author of the United States Declaration of Indepe ...
's younger brother, Randolph Jefferson. In his 2012 book ''Master of the Mountain'', Henry Wiencek described Turner as " homasJefferson's chief scholarly defender".


Honors and recognition

*Member, Board of Directors, Thomas Jefferson Institute for Public Policy (1996–present)


Books

* * * * * * * * * * * * * *


References


External links

*
Center for National Security Law C-SPAN videos
{{DEFAULTSORT:Turner, Robert F. Jurisprudence academics American lawyers American scholars of constitutional law University of Virginia faculty Living people International law scholars American legal writers University of Virginia School of Law alumni Indiana University alumni 1944 births Charles H. Stockton Professors of International Law