Robert Cooper was an American Texas blues pianist and songwriter. He was part of the 'Santa Fe Group', a loose ensemble of black blues pianists who played in the many juke joints abutting the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway. In 1934, he was the first of that 'Santa Fe Group' to record, and is best known as one of

Joe Pullum Joseph E. Pullum (December 25, 1905 — January 7, 1964) was an American blues singing, singer and songwriter. Biography Pullum, an Alabama-born nightclub singer, was one of the more obscure blues celebrity, stars. He was accompanied on his ...

's piano accompanists. Cooper played on a number of tracks between 1934 and 1936, for recordings issued by Bluebird and

Victor The name Victor or Viktor may refer to: * Victor (name), including a list of people with the given name, mononym, or surname Arts and entertainment Film * ''Victor'' (1951 film), a French drama film * ''Victor'' (1993 film), a French shor ...

. Little is documented of Cooper's life outside of his recording career.

Life and career

One historian noted "Rob Cooper... a few years older than Hersal Thomas" (Thomas was born in 1906), although nothing more is known of Cooper's birth, and only small details of his life prior to his involvement in recording music. The same source stated "Among the best of the Santa Fe group were Rob Cooper of Houston...", and he had a similar playing style to Robert Shaw and Conish "Pinetop" Burks. Cooper's recordings often had a ragtime component, notably on his self-billed recordings, "West Dallas Drag" and "West Dallas Drag No. 2". Cooper's first recording session took place on April 3, 1934, at the Texas Hotel, in San Antonio, Texas. He recorded six tracks. The first was as the piano accompanist to

(incorrectly credited on the record label as Joe Pullem), on Pullum's self-penned song, "Black Gal What Makes Your Head So Hard?". Another was a piano solo by Cooper of his own "West Dallas Drag". They were issued as two sides of a Bluebird Records, 10 inch, 78 rpm disc. The disc reportedly sold in large quantities. Cooper returned to San Antonio with Pullum on January 29, 1935, to record eight more sides. In addition to accompanying Pullum on songs such as "Married Woman Blues" and "Rack it Back and Tell it Right", Cooper recorded a couple of largely instrumental numbers of his own, "McKinney Street Stomp" and "Blues With Class", on both of which Pullum added spoken asides. Cooper also waxed a variant of his earlier effort, named "West Dallas Drag No. 2". "McKinney Street Stomp" and the two versions of "West Dallas Drag", were Cooper's take on an earlier tune, "The Ma Grinder", originally composed by Robert Shaw. This was a technically complex number, which allowed Cooper to utilise his many links to stride and ragtime piano playing. His usage of 'tens' in the left-hand indicated him to be "a very accomplished piano player". These series of recordings were issued on the Victor label. A third session occurred on February 25, 1936, resulting in Cooper backing Pullum on tracks released as singles on the Bluebird label. These were "Come On, If You're Comin'" b/w "Swing Them Blues"; "Bonus Blues" b/w "Woman Trouble Blues"; and "Bedroom Blues" b/w "Hattie Green". The duo were assisted on these recordings by Chester Boone on trumpet and Melvin Martin on guitar. Ultimately, Pullum was accompanied on his recordings by two different pianists; typically Cooper on his earlier discs, and Andy Boy on his later efforts. Following this, Cooper's existence becomes uncertain.

Guido van Rijn Guido van Rijn (11 April 1950) is a Dutch blues and gospel historian. Biography Van Rijn received his Ph.D. from Leiden University in 1995 for ''Roosevelt's Blues: African-American Blues and Gospel Songs on FDR''. Two years later the commercial ...

located an advertisement in the '' Chicago Defender'' dated March 16, 1946, regarding Marvin Cates and his Earls of Rhythm, featuring a Robert Cooper (piano, vocals); but it is not certain whether this was the same individual. Another source said simply "Rob Cooper disappeared after woman trouble..." No other details seem to exist. "West Dallas Drag" and "West Dallas Drag No. 2" both appeared on the 1977 compilation album, ''The Piano Blues Vol. 8: Texas Seaport 1934-1937''. Most of Cooper's recordings, including his piano solos, can be found on ''Joe Pullum : Complete Recorded Works, Vol. 1 (1934-35)''.

Santa Fe Group

The 'Santa Fe Group', otherwise known as the 'Texas Santa Fe' style of piano playing, referenced an association with the Santa Fe Railroad tracks. In the 1920s and 1930s, there were numerous juke joints alongside the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway, in which various black pianists performed in a similar manner. The style was a blend of dance music, boogie-woogie, ragtime and

blues Blues is a music genre and musical form which originated in the Deep South of the United States around the 1860s. Blues incorporated spirituals, work songs, field hollers, shouts, chants, and rhymed simple narrative ballads from the Afr ...

. Performers included Cooper,

Black Boy Shine Black Boy Shine (c. September 12, 1908 – March 28, 1952) was an American Texas blues pianist, singer and songwriter. Little is known of his life outside of his recording career. He was part of the 'Santa Fe Group', a loose ensemble of black ...

, Robert Shaw, Pinetop Burks, and Andy Boy, who were all recorded, although many others were not. The style is more broadly defined when referring to a map of Houston. The Santa Fe style was known as emanating from the Fourth Ward. Lightnin' Hopkins, conversely, was a Third Ward bluesman, while George Washington Thomas was an example of a Fifth Ward pianist, with a different playing style.

Legacy

Bill Wyman William George Wyman (né Perks; born 24 October 1936) is an English musician who achieved international fame as the bassist for the Rolling Stones from 1962 until 1993. In 1989, he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member ...

chose "West Dallas Drag," as originally recorded by Cooper in San Antonio in 1934, as one of the tracks on the compilation album, ''Bill Wyman's Blues Odyssey'' (2002).

Discography

Compilation albums

*''The Piano Blues Vol. 8 Texas Seaport 1934-1937'' – (1977) –

Magpie Magpies are birds of the Corvidae family. Like other members of their family, they are widely considered to be intelligent creatures. The Eurasian magpie, for instance, is thought to rank among the world's most intelligent creatures, and is one ...

*''Joe Pullum : Complete Recorded Works, Vol. 1 (1934-35)'' – (1995) – Document **Personnel: Joe Pullum (vocals); Rob Cooper, Andy Boy (piano) *''Joe Pullum : Complete Recorded Works, Vol. 2 (1933-51)'' – (1995) – Document **Personnel: Joe Pullum (vocals); Andy Boy (vocals, piano); Walter "Cowboy" Washington (vocals); Melvin Martin, Tiny Webb (guitar); Chester Boone (trumpet); Rob Cooper, Lloyd Glenn (piano); William K. "Billy" Hadnott (double bass); Bob Harvey (drums)

References

External links

Cooper playing "West Dallas Drag" @ YouTubeYouTube video of modern day rendition of "West Dallas Drag"
{{DEFAULTSORT:Cooper, Rob Year of birth missing Year of death missing Musicians from Houston African-American pianists American blues pianists American male pianists Texas blues musicians 20th-century American pianists 20th-century American male musicians Songwriters from Texas African-American songwriters 20th-century African-American musicians American male songwriters