''Roaratorio, an Irish circus on Finnegans Wake'' is a musical composition by American avant‑garde composer

John Cage John Milton Cage Jr. (September 5, 1912 – August 12, 1992) was an American composer and music theorist. A pioneer of indeterminacy in music, electroacoustic music, and Extended technique, non-standard use of musical instruments, Cage was one ...

. It was composed in 1979 for Klaus Schöning of West German Radio and premiered as one of the entries in his radio series. The piece realizes Cage’s indeterminate conceptual score “_____, _____ Circus on _____”, which provides instructions on translating any book into performance; for Roaratorio, the source text is

James Joyce James Augustine Aloysius Joyce (born James Augusta Joyce; 2 February 1882 – 13 January 1941) was an Irish novelist, poet, and literary critic. He contributed to the modernist avant-garde movement and is regarded as one of the most influentia ...

’s novel ''

Finnegans Wake ''Finnegans Wake'' is a novel by Irish literature, Irish writer James Joyce. It was published in instalments starting in 1924, under the title "fragments from ''Work in Progress''". The final title was only revealed when the book was publishe ...

''. Texts from it also appear in Cage’s songs “The Wonderful Widow of Eighteen Springs” (1942) and “Nowth upon Nacht” (1984). The mesostic text of Roaratorio was published separately as ''Writing for the second time through Finnegans Wake''.

Text source and structure

Cage reduced Joyce’s 626‑page novel to a 41‑page mesostic, ''Writing for the second time through Finnegans Wake'', by centre‑column acrostics spelling “JAMES JOYCE” (no repeated syllables).

Composition

The recorded mesostic recital is interwoven with: * environmental field recordings, selected by I Ching chance operations from the 626 place‑names in Joyce’s novel (mapped via Louis Mink’s ''A Finnegans Wake Gazetteer'') and gathered by radio stations and private individuals; * improvisations by six Irish musicians. Cage aligned spatial coordinates (page and line) of each Wake reference with temporal markers (minutes and seconds) in his recording—for example, “Jiccup” (p. 4 l. 11) occurs at 14 seconds into the recital.

Publication of text

Athenäum (Königstein) published the mesostic text in book form in 1982.

References

External links

Notes towards a re‑reading of the “Roaratorio”
– Ràdio Web MACBA 1979 compositions Compositions by John Cage Finnegans Wake Music based on novels Music based on works by James Joyce {{classical-composition-stub