Rippon Lea Estate

Rippon Lea Estate is a heritage-listed historic house and gardens located in Elsternwick, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. It is in the care of the National Trust of Australia. It was added to the Australian National Heritage List on 11 August 2006.

History

The Rippon Lea mansion and garden was created for Sir Frederick Sargood, a wealthy Melbourne businessman, politician, and philanthropist. In 1868, Frederick and his wife, Marion, purchased Crown Allotment 253 and either all or part of Crown Allotment 260 in the Parish of Prahran, Elsternwick, giving them a total area of about 8 kilometres from the Melbourne central business district, just outside the built-up area of the city. The Rippon Lea Estate was soon joined by similar large estates. Sargood named the property after his mother, Emma Rippon, adding ''lea'', an old English word for ''meadow''. He commissioned a two-storey, 15-room house designed by architect Joseph Reed of Reed & Barnes. Like other mansion estates in Melbourne, an extensive pleasure garden was laid out around the house, together with glasshouses, vegetable gardens and orchards developed over the next three decades. The gardens were more elaborate than most, designed to be self-sufficient with regards to water, with the large man-made lake on the property gathering storm water run-off from the surrounding area. By the late 1870s, Rippon Lea was a total of with the kitchen garden alone taking up . From 1881, William Sangster was engaged as a consultant by Frederick Sargood for significant redesign work on the garden. In 1882, the flower beds were replaced . In October 1882, Head Gardener Adam Anderson arrived after being recruited by Mr. Sargood in England. In 1883, the lakes were significantly expanded and the hill and lookout were created according to Sangster's recommendations.

The style of the house has been described as "Lombardic Romanesque", a term coined by Joseph Reed to describe the elaborate polychrome patterned brickwork he introduced to Melbourne, which he said was inspired by the architecture of the Lombardy region of northern Italy, but which also had parallels in England at the time. Over the 1880s and 1890s, the house was extended on several occasions in matching style, not always by Reed. One alteration was converting the conservatory on the south side of the house into an arched roofed ballroom that could fit 500 people, and then adding the current huge shade house for palm trees further to the south. The Sargoods entertained extensively with fêtes, charitable balls and garden parties. The last changes occurred in 1897, when the house was extended to the north, and the port cochere and tower were added. The house also contained many innovations. It was one of the first in Australia to be lit by electricity, which was produced by its own generators. A full-time electrician was employed to maintain the system, and the fittings included an electrically powered bell system to communicate with the servants' quarters and kitchens downstairs.

Upon Frederick's death in 1903, the property was sold to a consortium of real estate developers who had plans to demolish the house and subdivide the land, since Elsternwick at this time was a developing suburb on the outskirts of Melbourne. Adam Anderson remained as head gardener but departed in 1903.

The house was empty for six years while the developers sold off various parcels of land, particularly the orchards and paddocks. However, before the final carve-up of the estate could be undertaken, the leader of the consortium, Sir Thomas Bent, died, and the property was put on the market in 1910.

It was bought by Ben and Agnes Nathan, who owned the Maples chain of furniture stores in Melbourne. The Nathans lived there until Ben's death in 1935. The property then passed to their eldest daughter, Louisa, along with a legacy of £1 million.

Louisa (married name, Mrs. Timothy Jones) was a leading figure in the Melbourne social set in the 1930s. She undertook extensive remodelling and renovation of the house to allow her to entertain on a lavish scale. Much of the interior of the house was redecorated while leaving some Victorian features intact. For example, the wallpaper in the entrance hall and corridors (originally embossed in gold) was over-painted in rich cream, while a new dining room featured brocades and tapestry fabrics.

The Sargood's ballroom was demolished to make way for a lavish Hollywood-style swimming pool and a new ballroom in a glamorous 1930s Hollywood style. Mrs. Jones also installed a new modern kitchen on the ground level, and the original basement kitchen and service areas were closed up, which preserved many of the surviving 19th-century features of this section of the house, including the cool room, the wine cellar and the large fuel stove. The of gardens were maintained.

In preparation for the 1956 Olympic Games in Melbourne, a section of the property was sold by a family member while Louisa was overseas in 1954 to the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) Victorian government to house a new television studio complex. The Rippon Lea studios then became the ABC's Melbourne home and in later years were used as the production centre for many renowned programs including '' Bellbird'', ''Countdown'', ''The Big Gig'' and '' The Late Show''.

In 1963, the Commonwealth Government announced their intention to compulsorily acquire the main part of the garden, with the lake and lookout, setting off public protests and long-running legal action by Mrs Jones. She eventually settled with the government, agreeing that, on her death, the house and the land still in her possession would be bequeathed to the National Trust, allowing it to remain intact in perpetuity. She died on 27 July 1972, and the house finally opened to the public in 1974. During the 1970s and 1980s the Vernon Family resided in the gate house.

Of particular note on the grounds are the lake, the iron-framed fernery, the swimming pool and associated ballroom and the stable complex (1868). The rooms of the basement kitchen complex are also of special interest, having been built in the 1880s and then abandoned in 1938 following the installation of a modern kitchen on the ground floor. Today, they are a rare surviving Australian example of a 19th-century kitchen suite, comprising a kitchen, scullery, pantries, cool rooms, servants' hall and wine cellar.

Image:Rippon Lea front door.jpg, The front door of Rippon Lea
Image:Rippon Lea lawn.jpg, View of the lawns
Image:Rippon Lea house.jpg, View of the house from the lawn
Image:Rippon Lea swimming pool.jpg, The swimming pool as put in by Louisa, and where the original ballroom once was
Image:Rippon Lea hallway.jpg, The hallway on the 1st floor (note that image is less than perfect due to the restriction of no flash photography and no camera tripods inside the house)
Image:Rippon Lea ground floor.jpg, Ground floor doors leading to servants areas. House decorated for Christmas as photograph was taken in mid December
Image:Rippon Lea Mansion stained glass window.jpg, Stained glass windows in the mansion stairwell
Image:Rippon Lea back garden.jpg, View from the back garden showing the large fernery structure to the right
Image:Rippon LEa fernery.jpg, Inside the fernery as seen in the previous photo
Image:Rippon Lea boat house.jpg, The small boat house on the lake
Image:Rippon Lea lake seat.jpg, A wrought iron seat by the lake

References

{{Commons category, Rippon Lea Estate

External links

Official Rippon Lea website operated by the National TrustPhoto galleries of Rippon Lea Estate and function hire details

Culture Victoria – story and historical images of Rippon Lea and the families who lived there

Heritage-listed buildings in Melbourne
Australian National Heritage List
Gardens in Victoria (state)
Victorian architecture in Victoria (state)
Historic house museums in Victoria (state)
National Trust of Australia
Houses in Melbourne
1868 establishments in Australia
Landmarks in Melbourne
Elsternwick, Victoria
Buildings and structures in the City of Glen Eira
Houses completed in 1868