Ringo R-470 was a Brazilian clone of the

Sinclair ZX81 The ZX81 is a home computer that was produced by Sinclair Research and manufactured in Dundee, Scotland, by Timex Corporation. It was launched in the United Kingdom in March 1981 as the successor to Sinclair's ZX80 and designed to be a low- ...

by ''Ritas do Brasil Ltda.'' introduced in 1983. It featured a

Z80A The Zilog Z80 is an 8-bit microprocessor designed by Zilog that played an important role in the evolution of early personal computing. Launched in 1976, it was designed to be software-compatible with the Intel 8080, offering a compelling altern ...

processor at 3.25 MHz, 8K ROM and 16 KB RAM. It wasn't 100% compatible with the ZX81, and some

BASIC Basic or BASIC may refer to: Science and technology * BASIC, a computer programming language * Basic (chemistry), having the properties of a base * Basic access authentication, in HTTP Entertainment * Basic (film), ''Basic'' (film), a 2003 film ...

tokens have alternate codings. It had a connector port for a 1200

bit/s In telecommunications and computing, bit rate (bitrate or as a variable ''R'') is the number of bits that are conveyed or processed per unit of time. The bit rate is expressed in the unit bit per second (symbol: bit/s), often in conjunction w ...

modem and a joystick, and supported data storage using an external

cassette Cassette may refer to: Technology * Cassette (format) (or ''cassette tape''), a format that contains magnetic tape for audio, video, and data storage and playback * Compact Cassette, a worldwide standard for analog audio recording and playback ...

recorder at 300 and 2400 bit/s. There was an option to display "inverted video" (white background with black characters) by pressing . The computer also featured separate

arrow keys Arrow keys or cursor movement keys are keys on a computer keyboard that are either programmed or designated to move the cursor (computers), cursor in a specified direction. The term "cursor movement key" is distinct from "arrow key" in that th ...

. The machine had a price of Cr$449,950, higher than competitor computers like the

TK85 The TK85 was a ZX81 clone made by Microdigital Eletrônica, a computer company located in Brazil. It came with 16 or 48 KB RAM, and had a ZX Spectrum–style case, similar to a ''Timex Sinclair 1500''. Unlike the ZX81, the TK85 used stand ...

costing Cr$369,850, and it was not successful. This computer can be emulated on modern systems under ''EightyOne Sinclair Emulator'' or ''

MAME MAME (formerly an acronym of Multiple Arcade Machine Emulator) is a free and open-source emulator designed to emulate the hardware of arcade games, video game consoles, old computers and other systems in software on modern personal computers and ...

''.

Keywords and symbols

BASIC keywords and character mapping are slightly altered on Ringo R-470 compared to the ZX81. Entry is still accomplished per keyword token, obtained using different cursor modes and key combinations, but these are different from the ZX81. The following table shows the supported BASIC keyword tokens and symbols, and the key combinations needed to enter them.

References

Computers designed in Brazil Goods manufactured in Brazil Z80-based home computers Sinclair ZX81 clones Computer-related introductions in 1983 {{Compu-hardware-stub