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Richard Irvine Manning I (May 1, 1789May 1, 1836) was the 50th
Governor A governor is an administrative leader and head of a polity or political region, ranking under the head of state and in some cases, such as governors-general, as the head of state's official representative. Depending on the type of political ...
of
South Carolina )'' Animis opibusque parati'' ( for, , Latin, Prepared in mind and resources, links=no) , anthem = "Carolina";" South Carolina On My Mind" , Former = Province of South Carolina , seat = Columbia , LargestCity = Charleston , LargestMetro = G ...
from 1824 to 1826 and was later a
Representative Representative may refer to: Politics *Representative democracy, type of democracy in which elected officials represent a group of people *House of Representatives, legislative body in various countries or sub-national entities *Legislator, someon ...
in the
United States Congress The United States Congress is the legislature of the federal government of the United States. It is bicameral, composed of a lower body, the House of Representatives, and an upper body, the Senate. It meets in the U.S. Capitol in Washi ...
.


Early life and career

Manning was born in the Sumter District and he received his education at the local private schools. In 1811, he graduated from South Carolina College where he was a member of the
Clariosophic Society The Clariosophic Society, also known as ΜΣΦ (Mu Sigma Phi), is a literary society founded in 1806 at the University of South Carolina, then known as South Carolina College, as a result of the splitting in two of the Philomathic Society, wh ...
. He served as a
captain Captain is a title, an appellative for the commanding officer of a military unit; the supreme leader of a navy ship, merchant ship, aeroplane, spacecraft, or other vessel; or the commander of a port, fire or police department, election precinct, e ...
in the South Carolina militia during the
War of 1812 The War of 1812 (18 June 1812 – 17 February 1815) was fought by the United States of America and its indigenous allies against the United Kingdom and its allies in British North America, with limited participation by Spain in Florida. It ...
. After the war, he engaged in planting on Hickory Hill Plantation in Sumter County. It was there that his son and a future
Governor of South Carolina The governor of South Carolina is the head of government of South Carolina. The governor is the '' ex officio'' commander-in-chief of the National Guard when not called into federal service. The governor's responsibilities include making ye ...
,
John Lawrence Manning John Lawrence Manning (sometimes spelled John Laurence Manning) (January 29, 1816October 24, 1889) was the 65th Governor of South Carolina, from 1852 to 1854. He was born in Clarendon County. He attended South Carolina College, where he was a ...
, was born in 1816.


Political career

In 1820, Manning was elected to the
South Carolina House of Representatives The South Carolina House of Representatives is the lower house of the South Carolina General Assembly. It consists of 124 representatives elected to two-year terms at the same time as U.S. congressional elections. Unlike many legislatures, seati ...
and served for one term. He successfully sought election to the
South Carolina Senate The South Carolina Senate is the upper house of the South Carolina General Assembly, the lower house being the South Carolina House of Representatives. It consists of 46 senators elected from single member districts for four-year terms at the sa ...
and two years later in 1824, the
General Assembly A general assembly or general meeting is a meeting of all the members of an organization or shareholders of a company. Specific examples of general assembly include: Churches * General Assembly (presbyterian church), the highest court of pres ...
elected him as Governor of South Carolina. During his two-year term as governor, Manning advocated the reform of the Negro Laws by pushing for an end of
execution by burning Death by burning (also known as immolation) is an execution and murder method involving combustion or exposure to extreme heat. It has a long history as a form of public capital punishment, and many societies have employed it as a punishmen ...
and to have capital cases tried by jury at a courthouse. Upon leaving office in 1826, Manning remained active in politics and participated in the Union Party in opposition to the
Nullifier Party The Nullifier Party was an American political party based in South Carolina in the 1830s. Considered an early American third party, it was started by John C. Calhoun in 1828. The Nullifier Party was a states' rights, pro-slavery party that s ...
. He made an unsuccessful run for Congress in 1826 and was also unsuccessful in his bid for another term as governor in 1830. However, Manning won a special election in 1834 as a Jacksonian to fill the seat of the 8th congressional district caused by the death of James Blair. He was re-elected in 1834, but he died in
Philadelphia Philadelphia, often called Philly, is the largest city in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, the sixth-largest city in the U.S., the second-largest city in both the Northeast megalopolis and Mid-Atlantic regions after New York City. Sinc ...
on May 1, 1836 (his 47th birthday) prior to the completion of the term. Manning was interred at the Trinity Episcopal churchyard in
Columbia Columbia may refer to: * Columbia (personification), the historical female national personification of the United States, and a poetic name for America Places North America Natural features * Columbia Plateau, a geologic and geographic region in ...
.


See also

*
List of United States Congress members who died in office (1790–1899) The following is a list of United States senators and representatives who died of natural or accidental causes, or who killed themselves, while serving their terms between 1790 and 1899. For a list of members of Congress who were killed while in ...


References

*


External links


SCIway Biography of Richard Irvine Manning INGA Biography of Richard Irvine Manning IUnited States Congress Biography of Richard Irvine Manning I
* {{DEFAULTSORT:Manning I, Richard Irvine 1789 births 1836 deaths University of South Carolina alumni Members of the South Carolina House of Representatives South Carolina state senators Governors of South Carolina University of South Carolina trustees South Carolina Democratic-Republicans Jacksonian members of the United States House of Representatives from South Carolina Democratic-Republican Party state governors of the United States 19th-century American politicians