Richard Howard

Richard Joseph Howard (October 13, 1929 – March 31, 2022), adopted as Richard Joseph Orwitz, was an American poet, literary critic, essayist, teacher, and translator. He was born in Cleveland, Ohio, and was a graduate of Columbia University, where he studied under Mark Van Doren,"Mark Van Doren", ''Columbia 250'' – Colombian Ahead of Their Times
Columbia University. and where he was an emeritus professor. He lived in New York City.

Life

After reading French letters at the Sorbonne in 1952–53, Howard had a brief early career as a lexicographer. He soon turned his attention to poetry and poetic criticism, and won the Pulitzer Prize for poetry for his 1969 collection '' Untitled Subjects'', which took for its subject dramatic imagined letters and monologues of 19th-century historical figures. For much of his career, Howard composed poems employing a quantitative verse technique.

A prolific literary critic, Howard's monumental 1969 volume '' Alone With America'' stretches to 594 pagesHoward, Richard. ''Alone With America: Essays on the Art of Poetry in the United States Since 1950''. New York: Atheneum, 1969. and profiles 41 American poets who had published at least two books each and "have come into a characteristic and—as I see it—consequential identity since the time, say, of the Korean War." Howard would later tell an interviewer

I wrote the book not for the sense of history, but for myself, knowing that a relation to one's moment was essential to getting beyond the moment. As I quoted Shaw in the book's preface, if you cannot believe in the greatness of your own age and inheritance, you will fall into confusion of mind and contrariety of spirit. The book was a rescuing anatomy of such belief, the construction of a ''credendum''—articles of faith, or at least appreciation.Richard Howard, The Art of Poetry No. 86
''The Paris Review'', interview by J. D. McClatchy, Spring 2004

He was awarded the PEN Translation Prize in 1976 for his translation of E. M. Cioran's '' A Short History of Decay'' and the National Book Award"National Book Awards – 1983"
National Book Foundation. Retrieved 2012-03-10.
There was a "Translation" award from 1966 to 1983.
for his 1983 translation of Baudelaire's ''Les Fleurs du mal''. He was the longest-serving Poetry Editor of ''The Paris Review'', from 1992 until 2005. He received a Pulitzer Prize, the Academy of Arts and Letters Literary Award and a MacArthur Fellowship. In 1985, Howard received the PEN/Ralph Manheim Medal for Translation. A past Chancellor of the Academy of American Poets, he was a Professor of Practice in the writing program at Columbia's School of the Arts. He was previously University Professor of English at the University of Houston and, before that, Ropes Professor of Comparative Literature at the University of Cincinnati. He served as Poet Laureate of the State of New York from 1993 to 1995.

In 1982, Howard was named a Chevalier of L'Ordre National du Mérite by the government of France.

In 2016, he received the Philolexian Society Award for Distinguished Literary Achievement.

Howard died in New York City on March 31, 2022, from complications of dementia.

Personal life

Richard Howard was born to poor Jewish parents. His last name at birth is unknown. He was adopted as an infant by Emma Joseph and Harry Orwitz, a middle-class Cleveland couple, who were also Jewish; his mother changed their last names to "Howard" when he was an infant after she divorced Orwitz. Howard never met his birth parents, nor his sister, who was adopted by another local family."Praising Sacred Places: Richard Howard's Jewish Roots"
article by Benjamin Ivry in ''The Forward''. Howard was gay, a fact that comes up frequently in his later work.Official biography at Cleveland Arts Prize website
/ref> He was out to some degree since at least the 1960s, when he remarked to friend W. H. Auden that he was offended by a fellow poet's use of Jewish and gay epithets, "since e wasboth these things", to which Auden replied, "My dear, I never knew you were Jewish!"

Howard was renowned for the extreme number of books that he had collected over his lifetime and which famously lined the walls of his New York City apartment. Additionally, he kept on his bed, a large stuffed gorilla named "Mildred".

Works

Poetry

* ''Quantities'' (1962)
* ''Damages'' (1967)
* ''Untitled Subjects'' (1969)
* ''Findings'' (1971)
* ''Two-Part Inventions'' (1974)
* ''Fellow Feelings'' (1976)
* ''Misgivings'' (1979)
* ''Lining Up'' (1984)
* ''No Traveller'' (1989)
* ''Selected Poems'' (1991)
* ''Like Most Revelations'' (1994)
* ''Trappings'' (1999)
* ''Talking Cures'' (2002)
* ''Fallacies of Wonder'' (2003)
* ''Inner Voices'' (selected poems), 2004
* ''The Silent Treatment'' (2005)
* ''Without Saying'' (2008)
* ''A Progressive Education'' (2014)
* ''Richard Howard Loves Henry James and Other American Writers'' (2020)

Critical essays

* ''Alone With America: Essays on the Art of Poetry in the United States Since 1950'' (1969)
* ''Preferences: 51 American Poets Choose Poems From Their Own Work and From the Past'' (1974)
* ''Travel Writing of Henry James'' (essay) (1994)
* ''Paper Trail: Selected Prose 1965–2003'' (2004)

Major translations (French to English)

* ''The Unknown Masterpiece'' by Honoré de Balzac
* ''Les Fleurs du mal'' by Charles Baudelaire
* ''Camera Lucida'' by Roland Barthes and other works, such as ''Mythologies'' and ''Mourning Diary''
* ''Force of Circumstance'' by Simone de Beauvoir
* '' Nadja'' by André Breton
* ''Mobile'' by Michel Butor and other works, such as ''Degrees''
* ''Tricks'' by Renaud Camus
* ''A Happy Death'' by Albert Camus
* ''Foreign Bodies'' by Jean Cayrol
* '' The Trouble with Being Born'' by Emil Cioran and other works, such as ''A Short History of Decay''
* ''Diary of a Genius'' by Salvador Dalí
* '' Proust and Signs'' by Gilles Deleuze
* ''The Fire Within'' by Pierre Drieu La Rochelle
* '' William Marshal: The Flower of Chivalry'' by Georges Duby
* ''No More'' by Marguerite Duras
* ''Madness and Civilization'' by Michel Foucault and other works
* ''When the World Spoke French'' by Marc Fumaroli
* ''The War Memoirs'' (''Unity'' and ''Salvation'') by Charles de Gaulle
* '' The Immoralist'' by André Gide and other works
* ''Lying Woman'' by Jean Giraudoux
* ''The Traitor'' by André Gorz
* '' The Opposing Shore'' by Julien Gracq and other works, such as '' Balcony in the Forest''
* '' Nedjma'' by Kateb Yacine
* ''The Rock Garden'' by Nikos Kazantzakis
* ''Manhood: A Journey from Childhood into the Fierce Order of Virility'' by Michel Leiris
* ''Like Death'' by Guy de Maupassant and other works, such as ''Alien Hearts''
* ''The Marquise Went Out at Five'' by Claude Mauriac as well as ''All Women Are Fatal''
* '' Hothouses'' by Maurice Maeterlinck
* ''The Stars'' by Edgar Morin
* ''The History of Surrealism'' by Maurice Nadeau
* ''Monsieur Levert'' by Robert Pinget
* ''Swann's Way'' by Marcel Proust
* ''Jealousy'' by Alain Robbe-Grillet and other works, such as ''The Erasers'' and ''The Voyeur''
* ''Cupid’s Executioners'' by Hubert Monteilhet and other works
* ''La Guerre en Algérie'' by Jules Roy
* ''The Little Prince'' by Antoine de Saint-Exupéry
* ''Nausea'' by Jean-Paul Sartre
* ''The Flanders Road'' by Claude Simon and other works, such as ''The Wind'' and ''The Grass''
* '' The Charterhouse of Parma'' by Stendhal
* '' The Conquest of America: The Question of the Other'' by Tzvetan Todorov
* '' Paris in the Twentieth Century'' by Jules Verne

References

External links

Richard Howard's biography in poets.org
*
The poem "Only Different" at ''Guernica''The poem "Richard, What's That Noise?" at The Poetry Foundation
*

{{DEFAULTSORT:Howard, Richard
1929 births
2022 deaths
American male poets
Jewish American poets
Poets laureate of New York (state)
American LGBTQ poets
American gay writers
American literary critics
American lexicographers
French–English translators
Pulitzer Prize for Poetry winners
National Book Award winners
Lambda Literary Award for Gay Poetry winners
MacArthur Fellows
Members of the American Academy of Arts and Letters
Knights of the Ordre national du Mérite
Columbia University faculty
University of Houston faculty
Columbia College (New York) alumni
University of Paris alumni
LGBTQ Jews
LGBTQ people from Ohio
20th-century American poets
21st-century American poets
American adoptees
Writers from Cleveland
Poets from Ohio
20th-century American translators
20th-century American male writers
21st-century American male writers
21st-century American non-fiction writers
American male non-fiction writers
21st-century American Jews
Gay poets