Richard (or Rijk) Hol (23 July 1825, in

Amsterdam Amsterdam ( , , , lit. ''The Dam on the River Amstel'') is the Capital of the Netherlands, capital and Municipalities of the Netherlands, most populous city of the Netherlands, with The Hague being the seat of government. It has a population ...

– 14 May 1904, in

Utrecht Utrecht ( , , ) is the fourth-largest city and a municipality of the Netherlands, capital and most populous city of the province of Utrecht. It is located in the eastern corner of the Randstad conurbation, in the very centre of mainland Nethe ...

) was a Dutch composer and

conductor Conductor or conduction may refer to: Music * Conductor (music), a person who leads a musical ensemble, such as an orchestra. * ''Conductor'' (album), an album by indie rock band The Comas * Conduction, a type of structured free improvisation ...

, based for most of his career at

. His conservative music showed the influence of

Ludwig van Beethoven Ludwig van Beethoven (baptised 17 December 177026 March 1827) was a German composer and pianist. Beethoven remains one of the most admired composers in the history of Western music; his works rank amongst the most performed of the classic ...

, Felix Mendelssohn, and

Robert Schumann Robert Schumann (; 8 June 181029 July 1856) was a German composer, pianist, and influential music critic. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest composers of the Romantic era. Schumann left the study of law, intending to pursue a career a ...

and the Leipzig school, though as a conductor he offered Dutch audiences the more revolutionary music of

Hector Berlioz In Greek mythology, Hector (; grc, Ἕκτωρ, Hektōr, label=none, ) is a character in Homer's Iliad. He was a Trojan prince and the greatest warrior for Troy during the Trojan War. Hector led the Trojans and their allies in the defense o ...

and

Richard Wagner Wilhelm Richard Wagner ( ; ; 22 May 181313 February 1883) was a German composer, theatre director, polemicist, and conductor who is chiefly known for his operas (or, as some of his mature works were later known, "music dramas"). Unlike most o ...

Life

Richard Hol followed a course in piano under Jan George Bertelman at the royal conservatory of Amsterdam; after his graduation in 1844 he made a living as piano accompanist. In part on the basis of his choral compositions he was appointed director of the Amsterdamse Toonkunstkoor in 1857. In 1862, when

Johannes Verhulst Johannes Joseph Hermann Verhulst (March 19, 1816 in The Hague – January 17, 1891 in Bloemendaal) was a Dutch composer and conductor. As a composer mainly of songs and as administrator of Dutch musical life, his influence during his lifeti ...

was appointed to the position, Hol removed to

, where he came to occupy the center of musical life, taking up the post of

Ferdinand Kufferath Ferdinand is a Germanic name composed of the elements "protection", "peace" (PIE "to love, to make peace") or alternatively "journey, travel", Proto-Germanic , abstract noun from root "to fare, travel" (PIE , "to lead, pass over"), and "co ...

in directing the city concerts (''stadsconcerten'') and the Utrecht Toonkunstkoor for the remainder of his life. In addition he was organist at the cathedral, 1869–1888. From 1875 he served as director of the Stedelijke Muziekschool at Utrecht, teaching music theory and history himself. Among his prominent pupils were Johan Wagenaar, who succeeded him as teacher and cathedral organist,

Catharina van Rennes Catharina van Rennes (2 August 1858, Utrecht – 23 September 1940, Amsterdam) was a Dutch music educator, soprano singer and composer. Van Rennes was the daughter of Jan van Rennes and Marianna Josepha de Jong. Among her tutors were Richard Ho ...

, and

Hendrika Tussenbroek Hendrika Cornelia van Tussenbroek (2 December 1854 – 21 June1935) was a Dutch composer and teacher who is best remembered today for her music for children. Tussenbroek was born in Utrecht. She studied music with Richard Hol and Johan Wagenaar, ...

. In his last years Hol published pieces in numerous journals and served from 1894 until his death as editor of the

organ Organ may refer to: Biology * Organ (biology), a part of an organism Musical instruments * Organ (music), a family of keyboard musical instruments characterized by sustained tone ** Electronic organ, an electronic keyboard instrument ** Hammond ...

journal ''Het Orgel''. When the Nederlandsche Toonkunstenaars-Vereeniging was founded in 1875, he served as its first director. Among the many decorations he received was his appointment in 1875 as a corresponding member of the

Académie française An academy (Attic Greek: Ἀκαδήμεια; Koine Greek Ἀκαδημία) is an institution of secondary education, secondary or tertiary education, tertiary higher education, higher learning (and generally also research or honorary membershi ...

. He composed an anthem for

Transvaal Transvaal is a historical geographic term associated with land north of (''i.e.'', beyond) the Vaal River in South Africa. A number of states and administrative divisions have carried the name Transvaal. * South African Republic (1856–1902; af, ...

, in use until the British occupied it in 1887. His posthumous reputation remained largely confined to Dutch audiences and choral singing groups, until his four symphonies began to be recorded at the close of the 20th century. His ''vaderlandische legende'' ("patriotic legend") for chorus, orchestra and organ, ''De Vliegende Hollander'' ("The Flying Dutchman"), Op. 70 (1874) was described in 1904 as frequently performed, in '' Le guide musical'', reviewing a concert with a performance of the ballad, in

The Hague The Hague ( ; nl, Den Haag or ) is a list of cities in the Netherlands by province, city and municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality of the Netherlands, situated on the west coast facing the North Sea. The Hague is the country's ad ...

. His daughter, Jacoba, was a physical geographer.

Incomplete list of compositions

Symphonies

*No. 1 in C minor (1863) *No. 2 in D minor, op. 44 (1866, published 1868 by Th. J. Roothaan & Co. of Amsterdam) *No. 3 in B, op. 101 (1867/1884) *No. 4 in A minor (1889)

Operas

*''Floris V'' (premiered Amsterdam, 1892)Baker, Theodore; Remy, Alfred (1919). . G. Schirmer. page 408. *''Uit de branding'' (premiered Amsterdam, 1894)

Other music with voices

Ballads

*Der blinde König, Ballade after

Ludwig Uhland Johann Ludwig Uhland (26 April 1787 – 13 November 1862) was a German poet, philologist and literary historian. Biography He was born in Tübingen, Württemberg, and studied jurisprudence at the university there, but also took an interest i ...

, op.39 (published 1866 or 1867) *De vliegende hollander, op. 70 (about 1880)

Songs and song cycles

*See also *Des visschers bruid. Gedicht van Frisius (pseud. of H. G. H. Groenewegen) voor mezzo sopraan met piano. Op. 7. (pub. 1855) *2 Lieder, ''Warum'' and ''Wanderlied''. *Drie liederen : voor mannenstemmen (solo en koor), op. 22 (texts by Nicolaas Beets and by Frisius) *Liederen for 2 singers and piano, op. 53 *Prijsliederen, op. 56 (texts by Th. van Rijswijck) *Uw naam, op. 67 (after Frisius) *De jeugdige zanger, op. 71

Oratorios and Cantatas

*David, ''Dramatisches Gedicht für Chor, Solo und Orchester'', op. 81 (pub. 1881)

Liturgical Music

Mass Mass is an intrinsic property of a body. It was traditionally believed to be related to the quantity of matter in a physical body, until the discovery of the atom and particle physics. It was found that different atoms and different element ...

no.1, op.28 (pub.1865) *Psalm 23, Op.35 (published 1864)HMB 1864, page 98.

Organ music

*Fugues (1862) *Andante funèbre, A minor (1869) *Prelude and fugue, C minor (1872) *Pastorale, G major (1872, revised 1875) *Élégisch toonstuk, op. 131, F major (published 1890s. For organ or harmonium)

Piano music

*Impromptu in A minor *Sonatines, op. 118 (in C, G and in A minor)

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hol, Richard 1825 births 1904 deaths 19th-century classical composers 19th-century conductors (music) 19th-century organists 20th-century classical composers 20th-century conductors (music) 20th-century Dutch male musicians 20th-century organists Conservatorium van Amsterdam alumni Dutch classical composers Dutch classical organists Dutch conductors (music) Dutch male classical composers Dutch Romantic composers Male conductors (music) Male classical organists Musicians from Amsterdam Musicians from Utrecht (city)