Ricaniidae is a

family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...

planthopper A planthopper is any insect in the infraorder Fulgoromorpha, in the suborder Auchenorrhyncha, a group exceeding 12,500 described species worldwide. The name comes from their remarkable resemblance to leaves and other plants of their environment ...

insect Insects (from Latin ') are Hexapoda, hexapod invertebrates of the class (biology), class Insecta. They are the largest group within the arthropod phylum. Insects have a chitinous exoskeleton, a three-part body (Insect morphology#Head, head, ...

s, containing over 400

species A species () is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. It is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), ...

worldwide. The highest diversity is in tropical

Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent after Asia. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 20% of Earth's land area and 6% of its total surfac ...

and

Asia Asia ( , ) is the largest continent in the world by both land area and population. It covers an area of more than 44 million square kilometres, about 30% of Earth's total land area and 8% of Earth's total surface area. The continent, which ...

and in

Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising mainland Australia, the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and list of islands of Australia, numerous smaller isl ...

, with a few species occurring in the

Palearctic The Palearctic or Palaearctic is a biogeographic realm of the Earth, the largest of eight. Confined almost entirely to the Eastern Hemisphere, it stretches across Europe and Asia, north of the foothills of the Himalayas, and North Africa. Th ...

and

Neotropical The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface. Physically, it includes the tropical terrestrial ecoregions of the Americas and the entire South American temperate zone. Definition In biogeogra ...

realms. It is one of the smaller families in the planthopper superfamily Fulgoroidea.

Subfamilies and genera

As of 2022, ''Fulgoromorpha Lists on the Web'' includes:

Subfamily Pharsalinae

(

- all presently monotypic) * ''

Pharsalus Pharsalus may refer to: * ''Pharsalus'' (planthopper), a genus of insects in the family Ricaniidae * Farsala Farsala (), known in Antiquity as Pharsalos (, ), is a town in southern Thessaly, in Greece. Farsala is located in the southern part ...

'' * '' Ricamela'' * '' Silvanana''

Subfamily Ricaniinae

* '' Acroprivesa'' * '' Alisca'' * '' Aliscella'' * '' Apachnas'' * '' Aprivesa'' * '' Armacia'' * ''

Armilustrium In ancient Roman religion, the Armilustrium was a festival in honor of Mars, the god of war, celebrated on October 19. H.H. Scullard, ''Festivals and Ceremonies of the Roman Republic'' (Cornell University Press, 1981), p. 195. On this day the weap ...

'' * '' Carmentalia'' * '' Coniunctivena'' * '' Cotrades'' * '' Cyamosa'' * '' Deferundata'' * '' Deraulax'' * '' Epitemna'' * ''

Epithalamium An epithalamium (; Latin form of Greek ἐπιθαλάμιον ''epithalamion'' from ἐπί ''epi'' "upon," and θάλαμος ''thalamos'' "nuptial chamber") is a poem written specifically for the bride on the way to her marital chamber. This fo ...

'' * '' Euricania'' * '' Globularica'' * '' Hajar'' * '' Isobium'' * '' Janssensia'' * '' Kazukuru'' * '' Keiserana'' * '' Kruegeria'' * '' Lambertoniana'' * '' Lugardia'' * '' Mahecania'' * '' Marleyia'' * '' Meliprivesa'' * '' Mesoricania'' * '' Motua'' * '' Motumotua'' * '' Mulvia'' * '' Nasatus'' * '' Neoprivesa'' * '' Nesomimas'' * '' Orosanga'' * ''

Osaka is a Cities designated by government ordinance of Japan, designated city in the Kansai region of Honshu in Japan. It is the capital of and most populous city in Osaka Prefecture, and the List of cities in Japan, third-most populous city in J ...

'' * '' Paici'' * '' Parapiromis'' * '' Paurostauria'' * '' Plestia'' * '' Pocharica'' * '' Pocharista'' * '' Pochazia'' * '' Pochazina'' * '' Pochazoides'' * '' Privesa'' * '' Ricania'' - type genus * '' Ricanoides'' * '' Ricanopsis'' * '' Ricanoptera'' * '' Ricanula'' * ''

Scolypopa ''Scolypopa'' is a genus of planthoppers in the family Ricaniidae. There are about eight described species in ''Scolypopa'', found mainly in Australia and New Zealand. Species These eight species belong to the genus ''Scolypopa'': * ''Scolypopa ...

'' * '' Scotinax'' * '' Semestra'' * '' Sensorica'' * '' Syndetica'' * '' Tarehylava'' * '' Tarundia'' * '' Trysanor''

Subfamily ''
incertae sedis or is a term used for a taxonomy (biology), taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Alternatively, such groups are frequently referred to as "enigmatic taxa". In the system of open nomenclature, uncertainty ...
''

* '' Jeromicanus'' * Five extinct monotypic genera

Gallery

Ricaniidae planthopper (Pochazia fasciata).jpg, ''Pochazia fasciata'',

Ghana Ghana, officially the Republic of Ghana, is a country in West Africa. It is situated along the Gulf of Guinea and the Atlantic Ocean to the south, and shares borders with Côte d’Ivoire to the west, Burkina Faso to the north, and Togo to t ...

Ricania speculum by kadavoor.jpg, ''Ricania speculum'',

India India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seventh-largest country by area; the List of countries by population (United Nations), most populous country since ...

Ricanoptera fenestrata 261832858.jpg, '' Ricanoptera fenestrata'',

Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania, between the Indian Ocean, Indian and Pacific Ocean, Pacific oceans. Comprising over List of islands of Indonesia, 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, ...

Scolypopa australis nymph.jpg, ''

Scolypopa australis ''Scolypopa australis'', commonly known as the passionvine hopper, is a species of insect in the Ricaniidae family of planthoppers (Fulgoroidea) that is native to Australia and was introduced to New Zealand. Despite its name, they are found not ...

'' nymph

References