''Rhinodoras'' is a
genus
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...
of
thorny catfish
The Doradidae are a family of catfishes also known as thorny catfishes, raphael catfishes or talking catfishes. These fish are native to South America, primarily the Amazon basin and the Guianas.
Doradids are omnivorous.
Taxonomy
As of 2007, 3 ...
es native to
South America
South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a considerably smaller portion in the Northern Hemisphere. It can also be described as the southern Subregion#Americas, subregion o ...
.
Species
There are currently five recognized species in this genus:
* ''
Rhinodoras armbrusteri''
Sabaj Pérez, 2008
* ''
Rhinodoras boehlkei''
Glodek, Whitmire & Orcés-V. ( es), 1976
* ''
Rhinodoras dorbignyi''
( Kner, 1855)
* ''
Rhinodoras gallagheri''
Sabaj Pérez, Taphorn & Castillo G., 2008
* ''
Rhinodoras thomersoni''
Taphorn & Lilyestrom, 1984
Fossil record
''Rhinodoras'' has been identified in the
fossil
A fossil (from Classical Latin , ) is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age. Examples include bones, shells, exoskeletons, stone imprints of animals or microbes, objects preserve ...
record from the late
Miocene
The Miocene ( ) is the first epoch (geology), geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma). The Miocene was named by Scottish geologist Charles Lyell; the name comes from the Greek words (', "less") and (', "new") and mea ...
Urumaco Formation (about 9 million years of age),
Falcón
Falcón State (, ) is one of the 23 States of Venezuela, states of Venezuela. The state capital is Coro, Venezuela, Coro.
The state was named after Juan Crisóstomo Falcón.
History
Early history
Present day Falcón State was first explored ...
State,
Venezuela
Venezuela, officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many Federal Dependencies of Venezuela, islands and islets in the Caribbean Sea. It com ...
. ''R. thomersoni'' may have a minimum age of 8 million years.
Appearance and anatomy
''Rhinodoras'' species are distinguished from other doradids by a unique combination of coloration (sides darkly mottled, usually with wide dark bars, light mid-lateral stripe absent) and lip shape (labial tissue thick, fleshy, considerably expanded at corners of mouth forming rounded flap-like extensions with entire margins, all surfaces rugose with low, rounded, and tightly spaced papillae, and distal margin of lower lip draped over bases of outer and inner jaw barbels, at times nearly encircling the latter).
References
{{Authority control
Doradidae
Fish of the Amazon basin
Catfish of South America
Catfish genera
Taxa named by Pieter Bleeker
Freshwater fish genera