Rhinantheae is a
tribe
The term tribe is used in many different contexts to refer to a category of human social group. The predominant worldwide usage of the term in English is in the discipline of anthropology. This definition is contested, in part due to confl ...
with less than 20 genera of
herbaceous
Herbaceous plants are vascular plants that have no persistent woody stems above ground. This broad category of plants includes many perennials, and nearly all annuals and biennials.
Definitions of "herb" and "herbaceous"
The fourth edition ...
plants in the family
Orobanchaceae
Orobanchaceae, the broomrapes, is a family of mostly parasitic plants of the order Lamiales, with about 90 genera and more than 2000 species. Many of these genera (e.g., '' Pedicularis'', '' Rhinanthus'', '' Striga'') were formerly included in ...
.
Phylogeny
The phylogeny of the genera of Rhinantheae has been explored using DNA markers.
Three assemblages can be distinguished in this tribe:
* ''Rhinanthus'' is the sister genus to ''Lathraea'', and then to ''Rhynchocorys''. These taxa are closely related to the core Rhinanteae.
* In the core Rhinantheae, ''Odontites'' sensu lato, including ''Bornmuellerantha'' and ''Bartsiella'', is the sister genus to ''Bellardia'', including ''Parentucellia'' and ''Bartsia canescens'' + ''B. mutica''. These taxa are closely related to ''Hedbergia'' (including ''Bartsia decurva'' + ''B. longiflora'') and ''Tozzia''. In turn, these genera share phylogenetic affinities with ''Euphrasia'', and then with ''Bartsia'' sensu stricto (''Bartsia alpina'').
* ''Melampyrum'' occupies an isolated, deep-branching position.
The median crown age of Rhinantheae was estimated to be ca. 30 Myr.
Systematics
Rhinantheae is defined as the least inclusive
crown clade
In phylogenetics, the crown group or crown assemblage is a collection of species composed of the living representatives of the collection, the most recent common ancestor of the collection, and all descendants of the most recent common ancestor. ...
that includes ''
Pterygiella nigrescens'', ''
Rhinanthus cristagalli'', ''
Melampyrum pratense'', and ''
Tozzia alpina''.
It comprises 19 genera.
* ''
Bartsia''
* ''
Bartsiella
''Bartsiella'' is a monotypic genus of flowering plants, initially classified in Scrophulariaceae, and now within the broomrape family Orobanchaceae. It contains a unique species, ''Bartsiella rameauana''.
Etymology
''Bartsiella'' was named ...
''
* ''
Bellardia''
* ''
Bornmuellerantha''
* ''
Euphrasia''
* ''
Hedbergia''
* ''
Lathraea''
* ''
Macrosyringion''
* ''
Melampyrum''
* ''
Nothobartsia
''Nothobartsia'' is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Orobanchaceae.
Its native range is the Western Mediterranean.
Species
Species:
*'' Nothobartsia asperrima''
*'' Nothobartsia spicata''
References
{{Taxonbar, from=Q2 ...
''
* ''
Odontitella
''Odontitella'' is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Orobanchaceae. The only species is ''Odontitella virgata''.
Its native range is Iberian Peninsula
The Iberian Peninsula (),
**
* Aragonese and Occitan: ''Pe ...
''
* ''
Odontites''
* ''
Parentucellia''
* ''
Pseuodbartsia''
* ''
Pterygiella''
* ''
Rhinanthus''
* ''
Rhynchocorys''
* ''
Tozzia
''Tozzia'' is a monotypic genus of flowering plants within the broomrape family Orobanchaceae. It contains a unique species, ''Tozzia alpina''.
While the plant in its young, vegetative stage is holoparasite, it becomes hemiparasite in its flowe ...
''
* ''
Xizangia''
References
{{Taxonbar, from=Q3429341
Orobanchaceae
Asterid tribes
Parasitic plants