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The ''Rheinsender'' ("
The ''Rheinsender'' ("Rhine
The Rhine ( ) is one of the List of rivers of Europe, major rivers in Europe. The river begins in the Swiss canton of Graubünden in the southeastern Swiss Alps. It forms part of the Swiss-Liechtenstein border, then part of the Austria–Swit ...
transmitter") is an FM radio transmission site for the German Südwestrundfunk
(; ), shortened to SWR (), is a regional public broadcasting corporation serving the southwest of Germany, specifically the federal states of Baden-Württemberg and Rhineland-Palatinate. The corporation has main offices in three cities: Stuttg ...
regional public broadcasting system. The Rheinsender is located near Wolfsheim, southwest of Mainz
Mainz (; #Names and etymology, see below) is the capital and largest city of the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate, and with around 223,000 inhabitants, it is List of cities in Germany by population, Germany's 35th-largest city. It lies in ...
.
Historically the Rhinesender was a large medium-wave
Medium wave (MW) is a part of the medium frequency (MF) radio band used mainly for AM radio broadcasting. The spectrum provides about 120 channels with more limited sound quality than FM stations on the FM broadcast band. During the daytime, ...
transmission facility near. The transmitter was established in 1950 and went on the air May 15, 1950. It belonged to SWR (until 1998 to SWF) and transmitted until the middle of the 1990s with 600 kilowatt
The watt (symbol: W) is the unit of Power (physics), power or radiant flux in the International System of Units (SI), equal to 1 joule per second or 1 kg⋅m2⋅s−3. It is used to quantification (science), quantify the rate of Work ...
s, later reduced to 100 kilowatts. In 2012 the medium-wave mast got demolished.
Today SWR is using the smaller mast for FM transmission.
History
From 1950 to 2003 two 150-metre-high guyed steel tube masts were used as the transmission aerial, which are insulated from ground and which were separated by an insulator in the mast construction electrically in two parts for double feeding as fade reducing aerial. By the usage of two masts a direction minimum toward thesoutheast
The points of the compass are a set of horizontal, Radius, radially arrayed compass directions (or Azimuth#In navigation, azimuths) used in navigation and cartography. A ''compass rose'' is primarily composed of four cardinal directions—north, ...
was obtained according to international regulations when working with a transmission power of 600 kilowatts at nighttime.
Furthermore, there is a 114-metre-tall guyed steel tube mast, which is also insulated against ground. This mast, which is used as reserve antenna for medium wave broadcasting, has an FM-transmission antenna on its top. Furthermore, there is also a free-standing grounded lattice tower used for radio services in UHF/VHF-ranges.
After transmission power was reduced to 100 kilowatts a direction minimum toward the southeast was no longer necessary and running the transmitter with omnidirectional
Omnidirectional refers to the notion of existing in every direction. Omnidirectional devices include:
* Omnidirectional antenna, an antenna that radiates equally in all directions
* VHF omnidirectional range, a type of radio navigation system for ...
radiation was possible. Hence the second radio mast was obsolete and was demolished on February 26, 2003. On the remaining radio mast of the Rhine transmitter there are also aerials for FM broadcasting
Broadcasting is the data distribution, distribution of sound, audio audiovisual content to dispersed audiences via a electronic medium (communication), mass communications medium, typically one using the electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves), ...
for SWR4 on 94.9 MHz
The hertz (symbol: Hz) is the unit of frequency in the International System of Units (SI), often described as being equivalent to one event (or cycle) per second. The hertz is an SI derived unit whose formal expression in terms of SI base u ...
with an output power of 5 kW.
At the site of the demolished radio mast, a further grounded free-standing lattice tower was built in 2003. On this tower in 2004 a cage antenna was installed, which was used for broadcasting the SWR programmes Dasding and SWR cont.ra, in the DRM-mode on 1485 kHz with an output power on 0.42 kW from 2005 to 2008.
See also
*List of masts
The tallest structure in the world is the Burj Khalifa skyscraper at . Listed are guyed masts (such as telecommunication masts), self-supporting towers (such as the CN Tower), skyscrapers (such as the Willis Tower), oil platforms, electricity t ...
External links
* * * http://www.skyscraperpage.com/diagrams/?b45794 * http://www.skyscraperpage.com/diagrams/?b46683 * http://www.skyscraperpage.com/diagrams/?b46684 * https://web.archive.org/web/20080320144112/http://www.waniewski.de/id382.htm {{coord, 49, 52, 42, N, 8, 03, 04, E, region:DE-RP_type:landmark, display=title Radio masts and towers in Germany Towers completed in 1950 1950 establishments in West Germany Buildings and structures in Mainz-Bingen Südwestrundfunk