Revolution Square (), known as Resurrection Square () until 1918, is a square located in the center of

Moscow Moscow is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city of Russia, standing on the Moskva (river), Moskva River in Central Russia. It has a population estimated at over 13 million residents with ...

, in

Tverskoy District Tverskoy District ( rus, Тверской район, p=tvʲɪrˈskoj, a=Ru-Тверской.ogg) is a administrative divisions of Moscow, district of Central Administrative Okrug of the federal cities of Russia, federal city of Moscow, Russia. P ...

, northwest of

Red Square Red Square ( rus, Красная площадь, Krasnaya ploshchad', p=ˈkrasnəjə ˈploɕːɪtʲ) is one of the oldest and largest town square, squares in Moscow, Russia. It is located in Moscow's historic centre, along the eastern walls of ...

. The square has the shape of an arc running from the southwest to the north and is bounded by

Manezhnaya Square Manezhnaya Square, may refer to: * Manezhnaya Square, Moscow * Manezhnaya Square, Saint Petersburg Manezhnaya Square (, romanized ''Manezhnaya ploschad'') is a square in the Tsentralny District of Saint Petersburg. In some guidebooks this squ ...

to the southwest, Okhotny Ryad to the north, and the buildings separating it from

Nikolskaya Street Nikolskaya Street () is a pedestrian street in the Kitay-Gorod of Moscow. It connects Red Square and Lubyanka Square. In 1935, it was renamed from ''Nikolskaya Street'' to ''Street of the 25th of October'' before its original name was restored ...

to the south and to the east. It is one of the

Central Squares of Moscow The Central Squares of Moscow consists of a chain of squares around the historical Moscow Kremlin and Kitai-gorod areas of central Moscow, Russia, following the historical and now mostly razed Kitai-gorod wall. These squares and avenues connecting t ...

. The continuation of the Revolution Square north behind Okhotny Ryad is Teatralnaya Square. There are three

Moscow Metro The Moscow Metro) is a rapid transit system in the Moscow Oblast of Russia. It serves the capital city of Moscow and the neighbouring cities of Krasnogorsk, Moscow Oblast, Krasnogorsk, Reutov, Lyubertsy, and Kotelniki. Opened in 1935 with one l ...

stations located under the square, all of them having at least one exit at the square: Ploshchad Revolyutsii, named after the square, Teatralnaya, and Okhotny Ryad. All these stations are transfer stations, with Teatralnaya being connected with the other two.

History

Originally, the

Neglinnaya River The Neglinnaya ( rus, Неглинная, p=nʲɪˈɡlʲinːəjə), also known as Neglinka, Neglinna, Neglimna (Неглинка, Неглинна, Неглимна), is a 7.5 km underground river in the central part of Moscow and a tributar ...

, a tributary of the

Moskva River The Moskva (, ''Moskva-reka'') is a river that flows through western Russia. It rises about west of Moscow and flows roughly east through the Smolensk and Moscow Oblasts, passing through central Moscow. About southeast of Moscow, at the cit ...

, currently underground, was flowing through the area. Between 1534 and 1538, the wall of

Kitay-gorod Kitay-gorod (, ), also referred to as the Great Possad () in the 16th and 17th centuries, is a cultural and historical area within the central part of Moscow in Russia, defined by the remnants of now almost entirely razed fortifications, narro ...

with the

Iberian Gate and Chapel Resurrection Gate () or Iberian Gate () is the only remaining gate of Kitay-gorod in Moscow, Russia. It connects the north-western end of Red Square with Manege Square and gives its name to nearby Voskresenskaya Square (Resurrection Square, rena ...

was constructed. In 1817–1819, the Neglinnaya was rebuilt as a tunnel, and thus the area became a square. It got the name of Voskresenskaya Square (''Resurrection Square''), after the other name of the Iberian Gate, Resurrection Gate. In 1918, the square was renamed by the

Bolsheviks The Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Lenin, were a radical Faction (political), faction of the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) which split with the Mensheviks at the 2nd Congress of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party, ...

in honour of the

October Revolution The October Revolution, also known as the Great October Socialist Revolution (in Historiography in the Soviet Union, Soviet historiography), October coup, Bolshevik coup, or Bolshevik revolution, was the second of Russian Revolution, two r ...

. In 1931, the Iberian Gate was demolished by the Soviet regime despite its historic status (restored in 1994–1995 after the break-up of the USSR), and in 1935, Hotel Moskva was built on the northern side of the square, separating it from Okhotny Ryad. The road traffic was subsequently separated, so that traffic from

Tverskaya Street Tverskaya Street ( rus, Тверская улица, p=tvʲɪrˈskajə ˈulʲɪt͡sə), known between 1935 and 1990 as Gorky Street (), is the main radial road, radial street in Moscow. The street runs Northwest from the central Manezhnaya Squ ...

in the direction of

Lubyanka Square Lubyanskaya Square (, Lubyanskaya ploshchad'), or simply Lubyanka in Moscow lies about north-east of Red Square. History first records its name in 1480, when Grand Prince Ivan III of Moscow, who had conquered Novgorod in 1471, settled many Novg ...

followed Revolution Square, and road traffic in the reverse direction followed Okhotny Ryad. In 1993, all road traffic around the

Moscow Kremlin The Moscow Kremlin (also the Kremlin) is a fortified complex in Moscow, Russia. Located in the centre of the country's capital city, the Moscow Kremlin comprises five palaces, four cathedrals, and the enclosing Kremlin Wall along with the K ...

was made unidirectional (in the clockwise direction), and Revolution Square ceased to be a through road. It is now pedestrianized.

Notable buildings

* Hotel Metropol, located in the northwestern side of the square at the corner with Teatralny Lane, was built in 1899-1907 and is considered one of the finest

Art Nouveau Art Nouveau ( ; ; ), Jugendstil and Sezessionstil in German, is an international style of art, architecture, and applied art, especially the decorative arts. It was often inspired by natural forms such as the sinuous curves of plants and ...

buildings in Moscow. * Hotel Moskva, is located at the northern side of the square and separates it from Okhotny Ryad. It was built between 1932 and 1938 by

Alexey Shchusev Alexey Victorovich Shchusev (; – 24 May 1949) was a Russian and Soviet architect who was successful during three consecutive epochs of Russian architecture – Art Nouveau (broadly construed), Constructivism (art), Constructivism, and Stalini ...

and rebuilt in 2014. The current building replicates the iconic facade of the original, following Shchusev's exterior plans as accurately as possible. * The building of the

Moscow City Hall The former Moscow City Hall () is an ornate red-brick edifice situated immediately to the east of the State Historical Museum and notable in the history of architecture as a unique hybrid of the Russian Revival and Neo-Renaissance styles. Du ...

, built in 1890-1892 by Dmitry Chichagov, was repurposed into a Lenin museum after the Bolshevik Revolution. It separates the Revolution Square from the Red Square. * Resurrection Gate was built in 1535 and rebuilt in 1680. It was demolished on Joseph Stalin's orders in 1931, but, after the fall of the Soviet Union, the city restored the Resurrection Gate in 1994–1996. It connects the Revolution Square with the Red Square.История Воскресенских ворот
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References

{{reflist Squares in Moscow Tverskoy District