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Resen ( ) is a municipality in southwestern
Republic of North Macedonia North Macedonia, officially the Republic of North Macedonia, is a landlocked country in Southeast Europe. It shares land borders with Greece to the south, Albania to the west, Bulgaria to the east, Kosovo to the northwest and Serbia to the n ...
. '' Resen'' is also the name of the town where the municipal seat is found. Resen Municipality is located in the
Pelagonia Statistical Region The Pelagonia Statistical Region () is one of eight statistical regions of North Macedonia. It is located in southwestern part of the country along the Pelagonia, eponymous plain, bordering Greece to the south and Albania to the west. Internally, i ...
.


Geography

The municipality borders
Ohrid Municipality The Municipality of Ohrid () is a municipality in the southwestern part of North Macedonia. ''Ohrid'' is also the name of the city where the municipal seat is found. Ohrid Municipality is in the Southwestern Statistical Region. Geography Ohrid M ...
to the west, Demir Hisar Municipality to the northeast, Bitola Municipality to the east, and
Greece Greece, officially the Hellenic Republic, is a country in Southeast Europe. Located on the southern tip of the Balkan peninsula, it shares land borders with Albania to the northwest, North Macedonia and Bulgaria to the north, and Turkey to th ...
and
Albania Albania ( ; or ), officially the Republic of Albania (), is a country in Southeast Europe. It is located in the Balkans, on the Adriatic Sea, Adriatic and Ionian Seas within the Mediterranean Sea, and shares land borders with Montenegro to ...
to the south.


Demographics

According to the 2021 North Macedonia census, Resen Municipality has 14,373 inhabitants. Ethnic groups in the municipality include: Religious affiliation according to th
2002
Macedonia census and 2021 North Macedonia census: * Mother tongues according to the 2002 Macedonia census in the municipality include: ** Macedonian = 12,943 (76.9%) ** Albanian = 1,885 (11.2%) ** Turkish = 1,766 (10.5%) ** Roma = 113 (0.7%) ** others. Orthodox Macedonians inhabit all populated settlements in the municipality of Resen. During the late Ottoman period, Torbeš used to reside in Podmočani and Slivnica, although the villages are now wholly populated by Orthodox Macedonians. In Resen proper, a sizable amount of the Orthodox Macedonian population originates from the villages of Podmočani, Bolno, Malovišta and other villages from the Lake Ohrid area who settled in Resen during the middle of the 19th century. Orthodox
Aromanians The Aromanians () are an Ethnic groups in Europe, ethnic group native to the southern Balkans who speak Aromanian language, Aromanian, an Eastern Romance language. They traditionally live in central and southern Albania, south-western Bulgari ...
live, in small numbers, in Resen and in the village of
Jankovec Jankovec () is a village located in Resen Municipality in the Republic of North Macedonia. The people of Jankovec are mostly farmers and own their own farms or plantations. Apple, corn, wheat and tobacco are generally grown in the region. With a ...
. Most of the Muslim population living in Resen, in addition to those living in Drmeni, Carev Dvor, Lavci, Kozjak and some families in Grnčari and Gorna Bela Crkva speaks Turkish. In the late Ottoman period, a few Turks used to also reside in the village of Nakolec. The Turkish population in the Prespa region is believed by scholars to either be descended from Turks settled in strategic areas or the descendants of local Turkified Slavs during Ottoman rule. The presence of Muslim Albanians in the Lake Prespa region dates to the Ottoman period consisting of southern Albanians (
Tosks Tosks () are one of two major dialectal subgroups of Albanians (the other being the Ghegs) differentiated by their linguistic characteristics. Territory ''Tosk'' or ''Toskëri'' may refer to the Tosk-speaking Albanians, Albanian population of ...
) who arrived from various areas of southern Albania, while some families consider their presence in the Prespa region to be indigenous. The speech and folklore of Prespa Albanians (''Presparë'') is similar to that of the Devoll and
Korçë Korçë (; sq-definite, Korça) is the List of cities and towns in Albania, eighth most populous city of Albania and the seat of Korçë County and Korçë Municipality. The total population of the city is 51,152 and 75,994 of Korçë municipal ...
regions in Albania. Albanian-speaking Muslims are located in small numbers in Kozjak, Sopotsko, and Gorna Bela Crkva while forming a significant part of the village population in Dolna Bela Crkva, Grnčari,
Krani Krani (; ) is a village in the Resen Municipality in North Macedonia, roughly south of the municipal centre of Resen. History Krani has four known archaeological sites, two of which are from the Middle Ages, one from Late Antiquity, and one fr ...
, Arvati, Asamati and Nakolec. During the Ottoman period the now former village of Bukovo (), a Macedonian settlement that later became populated only with Torbeš and Albanians became depopulated after they left the village during the
Balkan Wars The Balkan Wars were two conflicts that took place in the Balkans, Balkan states in 1912 and 1913. In the First Balkan War, the four Balkan states of Kingdom of Greece (Glücksburg), Greece, Kingdom of Serbia, Serbia, Kingdom of Montenegro, M ...
(1912-1913). Of settlements with Prespa Muslim Albanians most are
Sunni Sunni Islam is the largest branch of Islam and the largest religious denomination in the world. It holds that Muhammad did not appoint any successor and that his closest companion Abu Bakr () rightfully succeeded him as the caliph of the Mu ...
, except in Gorna Bela Crkva. A small number of
Bektashi Bektashism (, ) is a tariqa, Sufi order of Islam that evolved in 13th-century western Anatolia and became widespread in the Ottoman Empire. It is named after the wali, ''walī'' "saint" Haji Bektash Veli, with adherents called Bektashis. The ...
Albanians, known locally as ''Kolonjarë'' (people of Kolonjë) who trace their arrival from the region of
Kolonjë Kolonjë is a municipality in Korçë County, southeastern Albania. It was created in 2015 by the merger of the former municipalities Barmash, Çlirim, Ersekë, Leskovik, Mollas, Novoselë, Qendër Ersekë and Qendër Leskovik. The seat of ...
, southern Albania between the late 18th and early 19th century lived in
Ljubojno Ljubojno ( Macedonian Cyrillic: Љубојно) is a village located in the region of Prespa in North Macedonia. Ljubojno is situated some 2 km from Prespa lake and about 5 km north of the Greek border, and its elevation is about 920 ...
, Nakolec and Krani. After the fall of the Ottoman empire and some population movements ''Kolonjarë'' inhabit Gorna Bela Crkva, Dolna Bela Crkva and Asamati. The Albanian population in Resen settled there during the first decades of the 19th century originating from the Yanya vilayet. p. 120. "Покрај разгледуваните подолу 9 села, во турско време постоеле уште едно, с. Буково на истоимениот превој спрема Охрид. Селото било некогаш Македонско... По балканските војни мусл. население го напуштиле селото (120 мусл. М. и 90 А. во 1900 год., според К'нчов), каде што била жандармерска станица."; p. 124. "Власи - во Јанкоец. Но само со исклучок на Козјак и Г. Бела Црква, во сите селата живеат Македонци кои сочинуваат мнозинство."; p. 125. "Ресен... Македонски жители се дојдени во градот во средината на XIX в. од селата Подмочани, Болно, Маловишта и др. од Охридско. Албанците се дојдени во првите децении на XIX в. од Јанинскиот вилает."; pp. 128-129. "Горна Преспа... Во 1900 год. Турци имало само во Наколец (30 лица), Албанци во истите села каде што денес, освен во Подмочани. Во Подмочани и Сливница (сега само Македонци) имало Македонци - муслимани." In contemporary times Muslim Albanians live in small numbers within Resen. A small number of Albanian speaking Muslim Romani used to live in Krani and Nakolec which during the latter decades of the 20th century have migrated to
Ohrid Ohrid ( ) is a city in North Macedonia and is the seat of the Ohrid Municipality. It is the largest city on Lake Ohrid and the eighth-largest city in the country, with the municipality recording a population of over 42,000 inhabitants as of ...
and Resen. Traditionally a class and religious divide existed between the Bektashi Kolonjarë who formed the local former ruling Ottoman elite or '' bejlerë'' and now contemporary Prespa Albanian intelligentsia and Sunni Albanians villagers, referred to by Kolonjarë as ''arbutë'' (peons, commoners) or ''të vêndë'' (locals). Sunni Albanians from Sopotsko, Grnčari and Dolna Bela Crkva traditionally highlighted their religious identity over a linguistic one having closer economic and social relations with local Turks and Torbeš and being distant from Orthodox Macedonians. Differences between both Bektashi and Sunni Prespa Albanian communities over time have disappeared through intermarriage and closer communal and cultural relations. The local Prespa dialect of
Tosk Albanian Tosk ( sq-definite, toskërishtja) is the southern group of dialects of the Albanian language, spoken by the ethnographic group known as Tosks. The line of demarcation between Tosk and Gheg (the northern variety) is the Shkumbin River. Tosk is ...
being on the periphery of Albanian speech has been strongly influenced by the
Macedonian language Macedonian ( ; , , ) is an Eastern South Slavic language. It is part of the Indo-European languages, Indo-European language family, and is one of the Slavic languages, which are part of a larger Balto-Slavic languages, Balto-Slavic branch. Sp ...
resulting in the loss of vowel length and the
phoneme A phoneme () is any set of similar Phone (phonetics), speech sounds that are perceptually regarded by the speakers of a language as a single basic sound—a smallest possible Phonetics, phonetic unit—that helps distinguish one word fr ...
''h'', while the
alveolar trill The voiced alveolar trill is a type of consonantal sound used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents dental consonant, dental, alveolar consonant, alveolar, and postalveolar consonant, postalve ...
(, //) has merged into the
alveolar tap The voiced alveolar tap or flap is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents a dental consonant, dental, alveolar consonant, alveolar, or postalveolar consonant, p ...
( //).


References


External links


Official website
{{Coord, 41.0889, N, 21.0122, E, source:kolossus-frwiki, display=title Pelagonia Statistical Region Municipalities of North Macedonia