Rent-A-Girlfriend
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, abbreviated as , is a Japanese
manga are comics or graphic novels originating from Japan. Most manga conform to a style developed in Japan in the late 19th century, and the form has a long history in earlier Japanese art. The term is used in Japan to refer to both comics ...
series written and illustrated by Reiji Miyajima. It has been serialized in
Kodansha is a Japanese privately held publishing company headquartered in Bunkyō, Tokyo. Kodansha publishes manga magazines which include ''Nakayoshi'', ''Morning (magazine), Morning'', ''Afternoon (magazine), Afternoon'', ''Evening (magazine), Eveni ...
's ''
Weekly Shōnen Magazine is a weekly ''shōnen'' manga magazine published on Wednesdays in Japan by Kodansha, first published on March 17, 1959. The magazine is mainly read by an older audience, with a significant portion of its readership falling under the male high ...
'' since July 2017, and has been compiled into forty volumes as of April 2025. The series is licensed in North America by
Kodansha USA Kodansha USA Publishing, LLC is a publishing company based in New York, US, and a subsidiary of Japan's largest publishing company Kodansha. Established in July 1st 2008, Kodansha USA publishes books relating to Japan, Japanese culture, and man ...
, which released the first volume in English in June 2020. An
anime is a Traditional animation, hand-drawn and computer animation, computer-generated animation originating from Japan. Outside Japan and in English, ''anime'' refers specifically to animation produced in Japan. However, , in Japan and in Ja ...
television series adaptation produced by
TMS Entertainment , formerly known as the is a Japanese animation studio owned by Sega Corporation. TMS is one of the oldest and most renowned animation studios in Japan, known for its numerous anime franchises such as '' Detective Conan'', '' Lupin the Third ...
, aired from July to September 2020 on
MBS MBS may refer for: People * Mohammed Ben Sulayem (born 1961), president of the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile * Mohammed bin Salman (born 1985), crown prince and prime minister of Saudi Arabia * Mohan Bikram Singh (born 1935), Nepales ...
's Super Animeism block. A second season aired from July to September 2022. A third season aired from July to September 2023. A fourth season is set to premiere in July 2025. A live-action television drama adaptation also aired from July to September 2022. By April 2025, the manga had over 13.5 million copies in circulation.


Plot

Kazuya Kinoshita is dumped by his girlfriend Mami Nanami after dating for a month. He decides to rent a beautiful girlfriend named Chizuru Mizuhara. However, because he thinks she was inauthentic, he gives her a low rating. When Chizuru berates him for that during their next outing, he realizes she is more intense than he expected. Just then, Kazuya learns that his grandmother has been hospitalized following a collapse. Chizuru comes along and his grandmother is smitten by how great she is. Kazuya continues renting Chizuru in order to keep up appearances with his family and friends, but things get complicated when they discover they are next-door apartment neighbors and attend the same college. Later, other girls from the rental girlfriend business also join in, along with Kazuya's ex-girlfriend, who seems intent on ending this fake relationship. However, as Kazuya falls in love with Chizuru, he becomes determined to do whatever he can to make their rental relationship into a real one.


Characters


Main

; : : : A 20-year-old college student who lives in Tokyo. Following a painful breakup with his girlfriend, Mami Nanami, he decides to rent a girlfriend named Chizuru Mizuhara. He soon finds himself in situations where he has to continue renting Chizuru to keep up appearances with his family and friends, and he eventually falls in love with her. Later on, he begins working part-time at a
karaoke is a type of interactive entertainment system usually offered in nightclubs and bars, where people sing along to pre-recorded accompaniment using a microphone. Its musical content is an instrumental rendition of a well-known popular song. I ...
bar to pay for his dates and other expenses. ; / : : : A college student who moonlights as a rental girlfriend for the Diamond company. On campus, she goes under her real name Chizuru Ichinose, and utilizes a nerdy appearance with large dark-framed glasses and braided pigtails. It is later revealed that Chizuru and Kazuya are next-door neighbors in their apartment complex. She continues to let Kazuya rent her services in order to help his grandmother Nagomi, and to help him get over his breakup with Mami. ; : : : Kazuya's former girlfriend. She has short blonde hair. She appears to be friendly on the outside but harbors jealous and possessive feelings that scare her friends sometimes. She is shocked and suspicious that Kazuya has found another girlfriend immediately after she dumped him. ; : : : A girl who is introduced as Shun Kuribayashi's girlfriend. In actuality, she is also working as a rental girlfriend for another company. She wants to date Kazuya for real after seeing how kindly and passionately he treats Chizuru and her. She has a health condition where she has a low
heart rate Heart rate is the frequency of the cardiac cycle, heartbeat measured by the number of contractions of the heart per minute (''beats per minute'', or bpm). The heart rate varies according to the body's Human body, physical needs, including the nee ...
that she monitors, and Kazuya is the first guy who elevated it. Later on in the series, she quits her rental girlfriend job and starts working at the same karaoke bar as Kazuya. ; : : : A girl with pink hair who also works as a rental girlfriend with Chizuru's company. She is in her first year at college and is a newcomer to the industry. She has a shy personality and through Chizuru's urging, goes on dates with Kazuya in order to improve her skills as a rental girlfriend, later developing feelings for him. In her spin-off manga, ''Rent-A-(Really Shy!)-Girlfriend'', it is revealed she decided to become a rental girlfriend due to a desire to pursue a career as an idol. ; : : A girl who is a neighbor to both Kazuya and Chizuru. She is a social media influencer and into
cosplay Cosplay, a blend word of "costume play", is an activity and performance art in which participants called cosplayers wear costumes and Fashion accessory, fashion accessories to represent a specific Character (arts), character. Cosplayers often i ...
, and provides insight on
crowdfunding Crowdfunding is the practice of funding a project or venture by raising money from a large number of people, typically via the internet. Crowdfunding is a form of crowdsourcing and Alternative Finance, alternative finance, to fund projects "withou ...
to Kazuya when he and Chizuru decide to make an
independent film An independent film, independent movie, indie film, or indie movie is a feature film or short film that is film production, produced outside the Major film studios, major film studio system in addition to being produced and distributed by independ ...
together. She also encourages him to truly pursue Chizuru.


Supporting

; : : : Kazuya's paternal grandmother. She is thrilled to find out that Kazuya and Chizuru are a couple. She operates a family-owned liquor store with Kazuya's parents and is friends with Chizuru's grandmother. ; : : : Kazuya's father. He operates a family-owned liquor store with his mother and wife. ; : : : Kazuya's mother. She operates a family-owned liquor store with her husband and mother-in-law. ; : : : Kazuya's childhood friend and college schoolmate. He occasionally gives Kazuya advice about how to deal with his relationships. He also personally knows Kazuya's grandmother Nagomi, working part-time to help with her business. ; : : : Kazuya's friend and college schoolmate. He has short light hair and wears glasses. He often goes by . ; : : : Chizuru's maternal grandmother. In her heyday, Sayuri was an actress, inspiring Chizuru to become one herself. Sayuri and her late husband Katsuhito raised their granddaughter together after Chizuru's single mother died. She later falls ill and dies, albeit not before she is able to watch Chizuru's movie at the hospital. ; : : : Chizuru's friend and classmate in acting school. Kazuya mistakenly believes Umi is Chizuru's real boyfriend at first.


Media


Manga

Written and illustrated by Reiji Miyajima, the series began serialization in
Kodansha is a Japanese privately held publishing company headquartered in Bunkyō, Tokyo. Kodansha publishes manga magazines which include ''Nakayoshi'', ''Morning (magazine), Morning'', ''Afternoon (magazine), Afternoon'', ''Evening (magazine), Eveni ...
's ''
Weekly Shōnen Magazine is a weekly ''shōnen'' manga magazine published on Wednesdays in Japan by Kodansha, first published on March 17, 1959. The magazine is mainly read by an older audience, with a significant portion of its readership falling under the male high ...
'' on July 12, 2017. It has been compiled into forty volumes as of April 2025. The series is licensed in North America by
Kodansha USA Kodansha USA Publishing, LLC is a publishing company based in New York, US, and a subsidiary of Japan's largest publishing company Kodansha. Established in July 1st 2008, Kodansha USA publishes books relating to Japan, Japanese culture, and man ...
, which released the first volume in English on June 2, 2020. Kodansha published an anthology of the series on August 17, 2020. A spin-off manga series, titled , also written and illustrated by Miyajima, has been serialized in Kodansha's ''Magazine Pocket'' app since June 21, 2020. The series focuses on the character Sumi Sakurasawa. It has been compiled into three volumes as of May 2022. The series is also published in North America by Kodansha USA.


Anime

An
anime is a Traditional animation, hand-drawn and computer animation, computer-generated animation originating from Japan. Outside Japan and in English, ''anime'' refers specifically to animation produced in Japan. However, , in Japan and in Ja ...
television series adaptation was announced on December 15, 2019. The series was animated by
TMS Entertainment , formerly known as the is a Japanese animation studio owned by Sega Corporation. TMS is one of the oldest and most renowned animation studios in Japan, known for its numerous anime franchises such as '' Detective Conan'', '' Lupin the Third ...
and directed by Kazuomi Koga, with Mitsutaka Hirota handling series composition, Kanna Hirayama designing the characters, and Hyadain composing the music. The Peggies performed the opening theme . Halca performed the first ending theme starting from Episodes 2–6 and 8–11, while Halca also performed the second ending theme "First Drop" for Episode 7, and Sora Amamiya performed the third ending theme for Episode 12. It aired from July 11 to September 26, 2020, on the Super Animeism programming block on
MBS MBS may refer for: People * Mohammed Ben Sulayem (born 1961), president of the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile * Mohammed bin Salman (born 1985), crown prince and prime minister of Saudi Arabia * Mohan Bikram Singh (born 1935), Nepales ...
and other networks. Season 1 ran for 12 episodes.
Crunchyroll Crunchyroll is an American Video on demand#Subscription models, subscription video on-demand Over-the-top media service, over-the-top Streaming media, streaming service owned by Sony, Sony Group Corporation. The service primarily distributes fi ...
streamed the series outside of Asia. On August 11, 2020, Crunchyroll announced that the series would receive an English dub, which premiered on August 28. In Southeast Asia and South Asia, the series is licensed by
Muse Communication Muse Communication Co., Ltd. (also known simply as Muse) is a Taiwanese distributor and licensor that specializes in the distribution of Japanese animation. Based in Xinzhuang District, New Taipei City, the company also distributes Asian and E ...
and released on the streaming service
iQIYI iQIYI (, pronounced in English as ), formerly Qiyi (), is a Chinese subscription video on-demand over-the-top streaming service owned by Baidu. Headquartered in Beijing, iQIYI primarily produces and distributes films and television series. i ...
in Southeast Asia.
Animax Asia Animax is an Asian pay television channel owned by KC Global Media Asia. The channel was originally owned by Sony Pictures Entertainment, and took its name from the Japanese satellite TV network; which was then-majority owned by subsidiary Sony ...
later began airing the series. On September 25, 2020, shortly before the first season's finale was streamed internationally, it was announced that a second season had been greenlit for production. The main cast and staff reprised their roles, with Studio Comet cooperating in the production. The second season aired from July 2 to September 17, 2022. The opening theme is by CHiCO with HoneyWorks, while the ending theme is by MIMiNARI featuring asmi. On May 18, 2021, it was announced
Sentai Filmworks Sentai Filmworks, LLC (or simply Sentai) is an American entertainment company. Located in Houston, the company specializes in the dubbing and distribution of Japanese animation and Asian cinema. Its post-production arm is Sentai Studios. The ...
picked up the home video rights. After the final episode of the second season, a third season was announced, with Shinya Une replacing Kazuomi Koga as director. It aired from July 8 to September 30, 2023. The opening theme is by Halca. Amber's performed the first ending theme from Episodes 25–31 and 34–36, and the second ending theme from Episodes 32–33. On July 12, 2024, a fourth season was announced. The staff and cast from the previous seasons are once again reprising their roles, with Kazuomi Koga returning as director. It is set to air in two split cours, with the first one premiering on July 5, 2025 on the Animeism programming block. The opening theme song is "Umitsuki" performed by ClariS, while the ending theme song is performed by Regal Lily.


Video games

A crossover smartphone game titled was developed by Enish. It featured Chizuru, Mami, Ruka, and Sumi along with female characters from other ''
Weekly Shōnen Magazine is a weekly ''shōnen'' manga magazine published on Wednesdays in Japan by Kodansha, first published on March 17, 1959. The magazine is mainly read by an older audience, with a significant portion of its readership falling under the male high ...
'' manga series like '' Fairy Tail'', '' The Seven Deadly Sins'', ''
Domestic Girlfriend is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Kei Sasuga. It was serialized in Kodansha's ''Weekly Shōnen Magazine'' from April 2014 to June 2020, with its chapters collected in 28 volumes. The manga was published digitally in Engl ...
'', '' Girlfriend, Girlfriend'', '' Fire Force'', '' Yamada-kun and the Seven Witches'', and ''
Negima! Magister Negi Magi ''Negima! Magister Negi Magi'', known in Japan as , is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Ken Akamatsu. It was serialized in Kodansha's Shōnen manga, ''shōnen'' manga magazine ''Weekly Shōnen Magazine'' from Febru ...
''. It was released in September 2021. The game's service ended on January 25, 2023. A
visual novel A visual novel (VN) is a form of digital interactive fiction. Visual novels are often associated with the medium of video games, but are not always labeled as such themselves. They combine a textual narrative with static or animated illustratio ...
, titled , developed by Mages, was announced in July 2024. The game follows an original story, which is an alternate scenario set during the third season of the anime, and features all main characters. The main cast from the anime reprised their roles in the game. It was released in Japan for
PlayStation 4 The PlayStation 4 (PS4) is a home video game console developed by Sony Interactive Entertainment. Announced as the successor to the PlayStation 3 in February 2013, it was launched on November 15, 2013, in North America, November 29, 2013, in ...
and
Nintendo Switch The is a video game console developed by Nintendo and released worldwide in most regions on March 3, 2017. Released in the middle of the Eighth generation of video game consoles, eighth generation of home consoles, the Switch succeeded the ...
on November 28, 2024. The limited edition of the game is bundled with a four-disc drama CD and an original soundtrack album, featuring over 30 tracks, including the game's theme song by Sora Amamiya,
Aoi Yūki , better known by her stage name , is a Japanese actress, voice actress and singer represented by Aoni Production. She voiced Nodoka Hanadera/Cure Grace in ''Healin' Good Pretty Cure'', Madoka Kaname in ''Puella Magi Madoka Magica'', Tsuyu Asui ...
,
Nao Tōyama is a Japanese voice actress and singer affiliated with the agency Intention. She was a member of Arts Vision. She debuted as a voice actress in 2010, and played her first leading role as Kanon Nakagawa in '' The World God Only Knows''. She is ...
,
Rie Takahashi is a Japanese voice actress and singer affiliated with 81 Produce. A member of the musical unit Earphones, she had a leading role in the anime series '' Seiyu's Life!''. She voiced Megumin in '' KonoSuba'', Emilia in '' Re:Zero'', Takagi in ...
, and Yū Serizawa.


Drama

A live-action television drama adaptation aired on ABC and
TV Asahi JOEX-DTV (channel 5), branded as , and better known as , is a Japanese television station serving the Kanto region as the flagship station of the All-Nippon News Network. It is owned-and-operated by the a subsidiary of , itself controlled by ...
from July 3 to September 25, 2022. It stars Ryūsei Ōnishi and Hiyori Sakurada as Kazuya and Chizuru, respectively. Viki began streaming the series on January 27, 2023, under the title ''Rental A Girlfriend''.


Reception


Popularity and sales

By July 2023, the manga had over 11 million copies in circulation; it had 13 million copies in circulation by March 2024; and 13.5 million copies in circulation by April 2025. In May 2024, K Manga announced on its first anniversary that the series was the best selling and fourth most read manga on the app. On December 8, 2024, the city of Nakano, Reiji Miyajima's hometown, held the Nakano Kanokari Festival to promote the manga. On May 30, 2025, the city of Nakano announced a collaboration for the Shinshu Nakano Rose Festival on June 15, 2025. On May 14, 2025, an X account was created for the character of Ruka Sarashina. On May 29, a crowdfunding campaign was launched on Campfire for a project celebrating Ruka's birthday. Once crowdfunding officially started on June 5, it was announced that the project successfully reached its goal of 10,000,000 yen in 12 minutes and became number 1 in the Campfire rankings. On June 13, 2025, they raised double the amount of money they requested from Crowdfunding.


Critical reception

The series received a mixed reception from various critics. Joe Ballard of ''
Comic Book Resources ''CBR'', formerly ''Comic Book Resources'', is a news website primarily covering comic book news, comic book reviews, and comic book–related topics involving movies, television, anime, and video games. It is owned by Valnet, parent of publicat ...
'' (''CBR'') described the anime adaptation as a "hot mess" with sluggish pacing but also an "intriguing, action-packed rom-com and a semi-developing love story". Meanwhile, Ethan Wescoatt of ''CBR'' praised the story, which he called "mature" for a
harem A harem is a domestic space that is reserved for the women of the house in a Muslim family. A harem may house a man's wife or wives, their pre-pubescent male children, unmarried daughters, female domestic Domestic worker, servants, and other un ...
anime, in addition to the male and female leads, noting that Chizuru was an intriguing character due to hiding her true, multidimensional personality behind her perfect girlfriend façade and that Kazuya's struggles were relatable to the audience. Alex Henderson of Anime Feminist described the series premiere as "comedy of errors with a horny streak" but noted that but it also hinted at deeper themes. They further noted that the dynamic between Kazuya and Chizuru was intriguingly balanced despite the slapstick violence. Henderson praised the anime for touching on the social implications of the rental girlfriend business, treating Chizuru with respect and highlighting her agency. Meanwhile, Dee of Anime Feminist, who reviewed the first three episodes of the anime, noted that the series initially showed promise as a refreshing and potentially progressive rom-com anime adding that Chizuru was a well-developed character and Kazuya having potential for growth. However, Dee criticized the reveal of Mami's manipulative and abusive behavior in the third episode, stating it "suck all the joy out of the series". Dee further stated that the episode reduced Kazuya to a stereotypical "boilerplate hapless harem protagonist". Nicholas Dupree of
Anime News Network Anime News Network (ANN) is a news website that reports on the status of anime, manga, video games, Japanese popular music and other related cultures within North America, Australia, Southeast Asia and Japan. The website offers reviews and ot ...
described the first two seasons as being tedious, with an interesting conflict introduced only at the last minute, while the preceding episodes were filled with repetitive and uninteresting rom-com antics. He added that while expectations for season three were low, the series "surprisingly" delivered a compelling romantic dramedy that addressed the flaws of Kazuya and found a "solid" narrative focus. Dupree concluded that the third season's production quality was consistent with previous seasons, focusing on character appeal, especially for the female characters. He noted that despite flaws, the third season offered the best material in a while, addressing key issues and delivering a compelling story.


Awards and nominations


Notes


References


Works cited

* "Ch." is shortened form for chapter and refers to a chapter number of the ''Rent-A-Girlfriend'' manga as published by Kodansha USA. * "Ep." is shortened form for episode and refers to an episode number of the ''Rent-A-Girlfriend'' anime as produced by TMS Entertainment.


Web sources


External links

* * * {{TMS Entertainment 2020s college television series Anime series based on manga Animeism Asahi Broadcasting Corporation original programming Crunchyroll anime Fiction about social media Harem anime and manga Japanese television dramas based on manga Japanese webcomics Kodansha manga Mainichi Broadcasting System original programming Manga adapted into television series Muse Communication Romantic comedy anime and manga Sentai Filmworks Shōnen manga Television series about social media TMS Entertainment Upcoming anime television series Webcomics in print