The Renno Amish, also called Beachy Amish or "black toppers" are a subgroup of Amish that was formed in 1863 in

Mifflin County, Pennsylvania Mifflin County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 46,143. Its county seat is Lewistown. The county was created on September 19, 1789, from parts of Cumberland County and Northumberland ...

. They are the moderately conservative Old Order Amish group in Kishacoquillas Valley, locally called Big Valley, but still relatively conservative compared with the Amish of other regions.

History

Amish settled in Mifflin County as early as 1791, coming from

Lancaster County, Pennsylvania Lancaster County (; Pennsylvania Dutch: Lengeschder Kaundi), sometimes nicknamed the Garden Spot of America or Pennsylvania Dutch Country, is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. It is located in the south central part of Pennsylvania. ...

. In the 1840s there were three Amish congregations in the region. In 1849 one district divided from the two others, forming the

Byler Amish The Byler Amish, also called Alt Gemee (Old Church), are a small conservative subgroup of the Amish. They are known for the yellow color of their buggies, which earned them the nickname "yellow-toppers" and for wearing only one suspender. They ar ...

, the first subgroup in North America that divided because of doctrinal differences. The Beachy Amish emerged from a conflict between two bishops of the remaining districts, Abraham Peachey, and Solomon Beiler, in the 1850s. Beiler was one of several Amish Bishops at that time that had begun to baptize his congregation in streams rather than homes, a practice that did not sit well with Peachey, who preferred the traditional method of house baptism. In 1861, when it became clear that the conflict could not be resolved, the two districts separated, with Peachey's district becoming the Peachey Amish. The group that followed Beiler became Amish Mennonites and eventually Mennonites.

Belief and practice

The Renno Amish have a more relaxed attitude concerning dress and home decoration than other Old Order Amish of the region. Homes are painted white and barns are typically red as in many Amish groups. Half-length curtains and screens are commonly found in homes and indoor plumbing is allowed. Their Ordnung allows men to wear only one suspender, while women wear black bonnets. Because their buggies have black tops they are called "black toppers". There are also Amish with white (

Nebraska Amish The Nebraska Amish, also called Old Schoolers, are a relatively small affiliation of the Amish. They are the most conservative subgroup of Amish, indicated not only by their use of technology but also by their particular style of dress. They emer ...

) and yellow (

) tops in the Big Valley.

Settlements and congregations

In 1900 the Beachy Amish—i.e., the Renno Amish—had 3 districts with 250 members, in 1956 they had 3 districts with 205 members. As of 2000, the Renno Amish had about a dozen church districts primarily in

Pennsylvania Pennsylvania (; ( Pennsylvania Dutch: )), officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a state spanning the Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern, Appalachian, and Great Lakes regions of the United States. It borders Delaware to its southeast, ...

. Around 2011 they had 19 congregations in four settlements in two states.

References

{{Amish Religious organizations established in 1863 Amish Old Order Amish