{{Unreferenced, date=June 2019, bot=noref (GreenC bot)
Remote monitoring and control (M&C) systems are designed to control large or complex facilities such as
factories
A factory, manufacturing plant or production plant is an industrial facility, often a complex consisting of several buildings filled with machinery, where workers manufacture items or operate machines which process each item into another. Th ...
,
power plant
A power station, also referred to as a power plant and sometimes generating station or generating plant, is an industrial facility for the electricity generation, generation of electric power. Power stations are generally connected to an electr ...
s,
network operations center
A network operations center (NOC, pronounced like the word ''knock''), also known as a "network management center", is one or more locations from which network monitoring and control, or network management, is exercised over a computer, teleco ...
s,
airport
An airport is an aerodrome with extended facilities, mostly for commercial Aviation, air transport. They usually consist of a landing area, which comprises an aerially accessible open space including at least one operationally active surf ...
s, and
spacecraft
A spacecraft is a vehicle that is designed spaceflight, to fly and operate in outer space. Spacecraft are used for a variety of purposes, including Telecommunications, communications, Earth observation satellite, Earth observation, Weather s ...
, with some degree of
automation
Automation describes a wide range of technologies that reduce human intervention in processes, mainly by predetermining decision criteria, subprocess relationships, and related actions, as well as embodying those predeterminations in machine ...
.
M&C systems may receive data from
sensor
A sensor is often defined as a device that receives and responds to a signal or stimulus. The stimulus is the quantity, property, or condition that is sensed and converted into electrical signal.
In the broadest definition, a sensor is a devi ...
s,
telemetry
Telemetry is the in situ collection of measurements or other data at remote points and their automatic transmission to receiving equipment (telecommunication) for monitoring. The word is derived from the Greek roots ''tele'', 'far off', an ...
streams, user inputs, and pre-programmed procedures. The software may send
telecommand
A telecommand or telecontrol is a command sent to control a remote system or systems not directly connected (e.g. via wires) to the place from which the telecommand is sent. The word is derived from ''tele'' = remote (Greek), and ''command'' = to ...
s to
actuators
An actuator is a component of a machine that produces force, torque, or displacement, when an electrical, pneumatic or hydraulic input is supplied to it in a system (called an actuating system). The effect is usually produced in a controlled way. ...
, computer systems, or other devices.
M&C systems may perform
closed-loop control
A closed-loop controller or feedback controller is a control loop which incorporates feedback, in contrast to an ''open-loop controller'' or ''non-feedback controller''.
A closed-loop controller uses feedback to control states or outputs of a dy ...
.
Once limited to
SCADA
SCADA (an acronym for supervisory control and data acquisition) is a control system architecture comprising computers, networked data communications and graphical user interfaces for high-level supervision of machines and processes. It also cove ...
in industrial settings, remote monitoring and control is now applied in numerous fields, including:
*
Smart grid
The smart grid is an enhancement of the 20th century electrical grid, using two-way communications and distributed so-called intelligent devices. Two-way flows of electricity and information could improve the delivery network. Research is main ...
s
*
Positive train control
Positive train control (PTC) is a family of automatic train protection systems deployed in the United States. Most of the United States' national rail network mileage has a form of PTC. These systems are generally designed to check that trains a ...
*
Structural health monitoring
Structural health monitoring (SHM) involves the observation and analysis of a system over time using periodically sampled response measurements to monitor changes to the material and geometric properties of engineering structures such as bridges ...
* Pipeline sensors
* Patient monitoring
* Desktop/server monitoring
While this field overlaps with
machine to machine
Machine to machine (M2M) is direct communication between devices using any communications channel, including wired communication, wired and wireless.
Machine to machine communication can include industrial instrumentation, enabling a sensor or met ...
communications, the two are not completely identical.
See also
*
Control engineering
Control engineering, also known as control systems engineering and, in some European countries, automation engineering, is an engineering discipline that deals with control systems, applying control theory to design equipment and systems with d ...
*
Control room
A control room or operations room is a central space where a large physical facility or physically dispersed service can be monitored and controlled. It is often part of a larger command center.
Overview
A control room's purpose is produc ...
*
Control theory
Control theory is a field of control engineering and applied mathematics that deals with the control system, control of dynamical systems in engineered processes and machines. The objective is to develop a model or algorithm governing the applic ...
*
Instrument control
Instrument control consists of connecting a desktop instrument to a computer and taking measurements.
History
In the late 1960s the first bus used for communication was developed by Hewlett-Packard and was called HP-IB ( Hewlett-Packard Interfa ...
*
Remote sensing
Remote sensing is the acquisition of information about an physical object, object or phenomenon without making physical contact with the object, in contrast to in situ or on-site observation. The term is applied especially to acquiring inform ...
*
Remote terminal unit
A remote terminal unit (RTU) is a microprocessor-controlled electronic device that interfaces objects in the physical world to a distributed control system or SCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition) system by transmitting telemetry d ...
*
M&C!
m&c! Publishing or better known as m&c! (stands for Magazine & Comics; ) is a publishing company in Indonesia. The company has its roots on Komik Gramedia Majalah in the 1980s, which often published various comics from foreign publishers. In 2003, ...