Reinhold Moritzevich Glière (23 June 1956), born Reinhold Ernest Glier, was a Russian and Soviet composer of German and Polish descent. He was awarded the title of People's Artist of RSFSR (1935) and

People's Artist of USSR People's Artist of the USSR, also sometimes translated as National Artist of the USSR, was an honorary title granted to artists of the Soviet Union. The term is confusingly used to translate two Russian language titles: Народный арти� ...

(1938).

Biography

Glière was born in the city of

Kiev Kyiv, also Kiev, is the capital and most populous List of cities in Ukraine, city of Ukraine. Located in the north-central part of the country, it straddles both sides of the Dnieper, Dnieper River. As of 1 January 2022, its population was 2, ...

Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire that spanned most of northern Eurasia from its establishment in November 1721 until the proclamation of the Russian Republic in September 1917. At its height in the late 19th century, it covered about , roughl ...

(now Kyiv, Ukraine). He was the second son of the wind instrument maker Ernst Moritz Glier (1834–1896) from

Saxony Saxony, officially the Free State of Saxony, is a landlocked state of Germany, bordering the states of Brandenburg, Saxony-Anhalt, Thuringia, and Bavaria, as well as the countries of Poland and the Czech Republic. Its capital is Dresden, and ...

(

Klingenthal Klingenthal is a town in the Vogtland region, in Saxony, south-eastern Germany. Geography Klingenthal is situated directly on the border with the Czech Republic opposite the Czech town of Kraslice. Klingenthal is 29 km southeast of Plauen, ...

in the

Vogtland Vogtland (; ) is a region spanning the German states of Bavaria, Saxony and Thuringia and north-western Bohemia in the Czech Republic. It overlaps with and is largely contained within Euroregio Egrensis. The name alludes to the former leadershi ...

region), who emigrated to the

and married Józefa (Josephine) Korczak (1849–1935), the daughter of his master, from

Warsaw Warsaw, officially the Capital City of Warsaw, is the capital and List of cities and towns in Poland, largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the Vistula, River Vistula in east-central Poland. Its population is officially estimated at ...

. His original name, as given in his baptism certificate, was Reinhold Ernest Glier.S. K. Gulinskaja: ''Reinhold Morizevich Glier'' Moscow "Musika", 1986, (russian) About 1900, he changed the spelling and pronunciation of his surname to Glière, which gave rise to the legend, stated by

Leonid Sabaneyev Leonid Leonidovich Sabaneyev or Sabaneyeff or Sabaneev () (3 May 1968) was a Russian musicologist, music critic, composer and scientist. He was the son of Leonid Pavlovich Sabaneyev, a famous hunting expert, and his brother Boris was also a music ...

for the first time (1927), of his French or Belgian descent. He entered the Kiev school of music in 1891, where he was taught violin by

Otakar Ševčík Otakar Ševčík (22 March 185218 January 1934) was a Czechs, Czech violinist and influential teacher. He was known as a Solo (music), soloist and an Musical ensemble, ensemble player, including his occasional performances with Eugène Ysaÿe. ...

, among others. In 1894, Glière entered the

Moscow Conservatory The Moscow Conservatory, also officially Tchaikovsky Moscow State Conservatory () is a higher musical educational institution located in Moscow, Russia. It grants undergraduate and graduate degrees in musical performance and musical research. Th ...

where he studied with

Sergei Taneyev Sergey Ivanovich Taneyev (, ; – ) was a Russian composer, pianist, teacher of musical composition, composition, music theorist and author. Life Taneyev was born in Vladimir, Russia, Vladimir, Vladimir Governorate, Russian Empire, to a cultur ...

(counterpoint),

Mikhail Ippolitov-Ivanov Mikhail Mikhailovich Ippolitov-Ivanov (; born Mikhail Mikhailovich Ivanov; 28 January 1935) was a Russia, Russian and Soviet Union, Soviet composer, conductor and teacher. His music ranged from the late-Romantic era into the 20th century era. ...

(composition), and Jan Hřímalý (violin; he dedicated his Octet for Strings, Op. 5, to Hřímalý),

Anton Arensky Anton Stepanovich Arensky (; – ) was a Russian composer of Romantic classical music, a pianist and a professor of music. Biography Arensky was born into an affluent, music-loving family in Novgorod, Russia. He was musically precocious and ha ...

and Georgi Conus (both

harmony In music, harmony is the concept of combining different sounds in order to create new, distinct musical ideas. Theories of harmony seek to describe or explain the effects created by distinct pitches or tones coinciding with one another; harm ...

). He graduated in 1900, having composed a one-act opera ''Earth and Heaven'' (after

Lord Byron George Gordon Byron, 6th Baron Byron (22 January 1788 – 19 April 1824) was an English poet. He is one of the major figures of the Romantic movement, and is regarded as being among the greatest poets of the United Kingdom. Among his best-kno ...

) and received a gold medal in composition. In the following year, Glière accepted a teaching post at the Moscow Gnesin School of Music. Taneyev found two private pupils for him in 1902:

Nikolai Myaskovsky Nikolai Yakovlevich Myaskovsky (; ; 20 April 18818 August 1950), was a Russian and Soviet composer. He is sometimes referred to as the "Father of the Soviet Symphony". Myaskovsky was awarded the Stalin Prize five times. Early years Myaskovsky ...

and the eleven-year-old

Sergei Prokofiev Sergei Sergeyevich Prokofiev; alternative transliterations of his name include ''Sergey'' or ''Serge'', and ''Prokofief'', ''Prokofieff'', or ''Prokofyev''. , group=n ( – 5 March 1953) was a Russian composer, pianist, and conductor who l ...

, whom Glière taught on Prokofiev's parental estate Sontsovka. Glière studied conducting with Oskar Fried in Berlin from 1905 to 1908. One of his co-students was

Serge Koussevitzky Serge Koussevitzky (born Sergey Aleksandrovich Kusevitsky;Koussevitzky's original Russian forename is usually transliterated into English as either "Sergei" or "Sergey"; however, he himself adopted the French spelling "Serge", using it in his sig ...

, who conducted the premiere of Glière's ''Symphony No. 2'', Op. 25, on 23 January 1908 in Berlin. Back in Moscow, Glière returned again to the Gnesin School. In the following years Glière composed the

symphonic poem A symphonic poem or tone poem is a piece of orchestral music, usually in a single continuous movement, which illustrates or evokes the content of a poem, short story, novel, painting, landscape, or other (non-musical) source. The German term ( ...

''Sireny'', Op. 33 (1908), the programme symphony ''Ilya Muromets'', Op. 42 (1911) and the ballet-pantomime ''Chrizis'', Op. 65 (1912). In 1913, he gained an appointment to the school of music in Kiev, which was raised to the status of conservatory shortly after, as

Kiev Conservatory The Ukrainian National Tchaikovsky Academy of Music (), formerly Kyiv Conservatory, is a national music tertiary academy in Kyiv, Ukraine. Its courses include postgraduate education. History The Kyiv Conservatory was founded on 3 November 1913 at ...

. A year later he was appointed director. In Kiev, he taught among others Levko Revutsky, Boris Lyatoshinsky and Vladimir Dukelsky (who became well known in the West as

Vernon Duke Vernon Duke ( 16 January 1969) was a Russian-born American composer and songwriter who also wrote under his birth name, Vladimir Dukelsky. He is best known for " Taking a Chance on Love," with lyrics by Ted Fetter and John Latouche (1940), "I ...

). In 1920, Glière moved to the Moscow Conservatory where he (intermittently) taught until 1941. Boris Alexandrov,

Aram Khachaturian Aram Ilyich Khachaturian (; 1 May 1978) was a Soviet Armenians, Armenian composer and conductor. He is considered one of the leading Music of the Soviet Union#Classical music of the Soviet Union, Soviet composers. Khachaturian was born and rai ...

, Alexander Davidenko, Lev Knipper and Alexander Mosolov were some of his pupils from the Moscow era. For some years he held positions in the organization Proletkul't and worked with the

People's Commissariat for Education The People's Commissariat for Education (or Narkompros; , directly translated as the "People's Commissariat for Enlightenment") was the Soviet agency charged with the administration of public education and most other issues related to culture. In 1 ...

. The theatre was in the centre of his work now. In 1923, Glière was invited by the

Azerbaijan Azerbaijan, officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, is a Boundaries between the continents, transcontinental and landlocked country at the boundary of West Asia and Eastern Europe. It is a part of the South Caucasus region and is bounded by ...

People's Commissariat of Education to come to

Baku Baku (, ; ) is the Capital city, capital and List of cities in Azerbaijan, largest city of Azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the Caspian Sea and in the Caucasus region. Baku is below sea level, which makes it the List of capital ci ...

and compose the prototype of an Azerbaijani national opera. The result of his ethnographical research was the opera ''Shakh-Senem'', now considered the cornerstone of the Soviet-Azerbaijan national opera tradition. Here the musical legacy of the Russian classics from Glinka to

Scriabin Alexander Nikolayevich Scriabin, scientific transliteration: ''Aleksandr Nikolaevič Skrjabin''; also transliterated variously as Skriabin, Skryabin, and (in French) Scriabine. The composer himselused the French spelling "Scriabine" which was a ...

is combined with

folk song Folk music is a music genre that includes #Traditional folk music, traditional folk music and the Contemporary folk music, contemporary genre that evolved from the former during the 20th-century folk revival. Some types of folk music may be ca ...

material and some symphonic orientalisms. In 1927, inspired by the ballerina Yekaterina Vasilyevna Geltzer (1876–1962), he wrote the music for the ballet ''Krasny mak'' ('' The Red Poppy''), later revised, to avoid the connotation of

opium Opium (also known as poppy tears, or Lachryma papaveris) is the dried latex obtained from the seed Capsule (fruit), capsules of the opium poppy ''Papaver somniferum''. Approximately 12 percent of opium is made up of the analgesic alkaloid mor ...

, as ''Krasny tsvetok'' (''The Red Flower'', 1955). ''The Red Poppy'' was praised "as the first Soviet ballet on a revolutionary subject". This is perhaps his most famous work in Russia as well as abroad. One number from the score, his arrangement of a Russian folk ''

chastushka Chastushka ( rus, частушка, , tɕɪsˈtuʂkə, plural: chastushki) is a traditional type of short Russian humorous folk song with high beat frequency, that consists of one four-lined couplet, full of humor, satire or irony. It may be descr ...

'' song '' Yablochko'' ("little apple") consists of an introduction, a basso statement of the theme, and a series of increasingly frenetic variations ending with a powerful orchestral climax. It is identified in the ballet score by its almost equally well-known name, the ''Russian Sailor's Dance''. It is probably his best-known single piece, and is still heard at symphony concerts around the world, frequently as an encore. The ballet-pantomime ''Chrizis'' was revised just after ''The Red Poppy'', in the late 1920s, followed by the popular ballet ''Comedians'' after

Lope de Vega Félix Lope de Vega y Carpio (; 25 November 156227 August 1635) was a Spanish playwright, poet, and novelist who was a key figure in the Spanish Golden Age (1492–1659) of Spanish Baroque literature, Baroque literature. In the literature of ...

(1931, later re-written and renamed ''The Daughter from Castile''). After 1917 Glière never visited Western Europe, as many other Russian composers did. He gave concerts in

Siberia Siberia ( ; , ) is an extensive geographical region comprising all of North Asia, from the Ural Mountains in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east. It has formed a part of the sovereign territory of Russia and its predecessor states ...

and other remote areas of Russia instead. He was working in

Uzbekistan , image_flag = Flag of Uzbekistan.svg , image_coat = Emblem of Uzbekistan.svg , symbol_type = Emblem of Uzbekistan, Emblem , national_anthem = "State Anthem of Uzbekistan, State Anthem of the Republ ...

as a "musical development helper" at the end of the 1930s. From this time emerged the "drama with music" ''Gyulsara'' and the opera ''Leyli va Medzhnun'', both composed with the Uzbek composer Talib Sadykov (1907–1957). From 1938 to 1948 Glière was Chairman of the Organization Committee of the Soviet Composers Association. Before the revolution Glière had already been honoured three times with the Glinka prize. During his last few years he was very often awarded: Azerbaijan (1934), the Russian Soviet Republic (1936), Uzbekistan (1937) and the USSR (1938) appointed him Artist of the People. The title "Doctor of Art Sciences" was awarded to him in 1941. He won first degree Stalin Prizes: in 1946 (''Concerto for Voice and Orchestra''), 1948 (''Fourth String Quartet''), and 1950 (''The Bronze Horseman''). As Taneyev's pupil and an 'associated' member of the circle around the Petersburg publisher Mitrofan Belyayev, it appeared Glière was destined to be a

chamber music Chamber music is a form of classical music that is composed for a small group of Musical instrument, instruments—traditionally a group that could fit in a Great chamber, palace chamber or a large room. Most broadly, it includes any art music ...

ian. In 1902 Arensky wrote about the Sextet, Op. 1, "one recognizes Taneyev easily as a model and this does praise Glière". Unlike Taneyev, Glière felt more attracted to the national Russian tradition as he was taught by Rimsky-Korsakov's pupil Ippolitov-Ivanov.

Alexander Glazunov Alexander Konstantinovich Glazunov ( – 21 March 1936) was a Russian composer, music teacher, and conductor of the late Russian Romantic period. He was director of the Saint Petersburg Conservatory between 1905 and 1928 and was instrumental i ...

even certified an "obtrusively Russian style" to Glière's 1st Symphony. The 3rd Symphony ''Ilya Muromets'' was a synthesis between national Russian tradition and impressionistic refinement. The premiere was in Moscow in 1912, and it resulted in the award of the Glinka Prize. The symphony depicts in four tableaux the adventures and death of the Russian hero

Ilya Muromets Ilya Muromets or Murometz, also known as Ilya of Murom, is a ''bogatyr'' (hero) in a type of Russian oral literature , oral epic poem called ''bylina'' set during the time of the Kievan Rus'. He is often featured alongside fellow bogatyrs Dobry ...

. This work was widely performed, in Russia and abroad, and earned him worldwide renown. It became an item in the extensive repertoire of

Leopold Stokowski Leopold Anthony Stokowski (18 April 1882 – 13 September 1977) was a British-born American conductor. One of the leading conductors of the early and mid-20th century, he is best known for his long association with the Philadelphia Orchestra. H ...

, who made, with Glière's approval, an abridged version, shortened to around half the length of the original. Today's cult status of Ilya Muromets is based not least on the pure dimensions of the original 80-minute work, but ''Ilya Muromets'' demonstrates the high level of Glière's artistry. The work has a comparatively modern tonal language, massive

Wagnerian Wilhelm Richard Wagner ( ; ; 22 May 181313 February 1883) was a German composer, theatre director, essayist, and conductor who is chiefly known for his operas (or, as some of his mature works were later known, "music dramas"). Unlike most ...

instrumentation and long lyrical lines. Despite his political engagement after the October Revolution Glière kept out of the ideological ditch war between the

Association for Contemporary Music Association for Contemporary Music (ACM) (, ''ASM - Assotsiatsiya Sovremennoy Muzyki'') was an alternative organization of Russian composers interested in avant-garde music. It was founded by Nikolai Roslavets in 1923. ACM ran concert series and p ...

(ASM) and the

Russian Association of Proletarian Musicians The Russian Association of Proletarian Musicians or RAPM () was a musicians' creative union of the early Soviet period. It was founded in June 1923, by Lev Shul'gin, Aleksei Sergeev, and David Chernomoridikov. RAPM's members advocated "mass songs" ...

(RAPM) during the late 1920s. Glière concentrated primarily on composing monumental operas, ballets, and

cantata A cantata (; ; literally "sung", past participle feminine singular of the Italian language, Italian verb ''cantare'', "to sing") is a vocal music, vocal Musical composition, composition with an musical instrument, instrumental accompaniment, ty ...

s. His symphonic idiom, which combined broad Slavonic epics with cantabile lyricism, is governed by rich, colourful harmony, bright and well-balanced orchestral colours and perfect traditional forms. Obviously this secured his acceptance by Tsarist and Soviet authorities, at the same time creating resentment from many composers who suffered intensely under the Soviet regime. As the last genuine representative of the pre-revolutionary national Russian school, i.e. a 'living classic', Glière was immune to the standard reproach of "formalism" (mostly equivalent to "modernity" or "bourgeois decadence"). Thus the infamous events of 1936 and 1948 passed Glière by. Gliere wrote concerti for

harp The harp is a stringed musical instrument that has individual strings running at an angle to its soundboard; the strings are plucked with the fingers. Harps can be made and played in various ways, standing or sitting, and in orchestras or ...

(Op. 74, 1938),

coloratura soprano A coloratura soprano () is a type of operatic soprano voice that specializes in music that is distinguished by agile run (music), runs, leaps and Trill (music), trills. The term ''coloratura'' refers to the elaborate ornamentation of a melody, whi ...

(Op. 82, 1943), cello (Op. 87, 1946, dedicated to Sviatoslav Knushevitsky),

horn Horn may refer to: Common uses * Horn (acoustic), a tapered sound guide ** Horn antenna ** Horn loudspeaker ** Vehicle horn ** Train horn *Horn (anatomy), a pointed, bony projection on the head of various animals * Horn (instrument), a family ...

(Op. 91, 1951, dedicated to Valery Polekh), and violin (Op. 100, 1956, unfinished, completed by Boris Lyatoshinsky). Nearly unexplored are Glière's educational compositions, his chamber works, piano pieces and songs from his time at the Moscow Gnesin School of Music. He died in

Moscow Moscow is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city of Russia, standing on the Moskva (river), Moskva River in Central Russia. It has a population estimated at over 13 million residents with ...

on 23 June 1956.

Honours and awards

* Three Glinka Awards (not Glinka Prizes) :1905 – for the first sextet (nominated by Glazunov, Liadov, Balakirev) :1912 – for his symphonic poem "Siren" :1914 – for Third Symphony ("Ilya of Murom") * 1937 –

Order of the Red Banner of Labour The Order of the Red Banner of Labour () was an order of the Soviet Union established to honour great deeds and services to the Soviet state and society in the fields of production, science, culture, literature, the arts, education, sports ...

– a musical drama "Gyulsary" * 1938 –

Order of the Badge of Honour The Order of the Badge of Honour () was a civilian award of the Soviet Union. It was established on 25 November 1935, and was conferred on citizens of the USSR for outstanding achievements in sports, production, scientific research and socia ...

* Three

Orders of Lenin The Order of Lenin (, ) was an award named after Vladimir Lenin, the leader of the October Revolution. It was established by the Central Executive Committee on 6 April 1930. The order was the highest civilian decoration bestowed by the Soviet ...

:1945 – "for outstanding achievements in the field of music and to honor the 70th anniversary of" :1950 – "for outstanding achievements in the field of music and to honor the 75th anniversary of" :1955 – "for outstanding achievements in the field of music and to honor the 80th anniversary of" * Three Stalin Prizes, first class :1946 – a concerto for coloratura soprano and orchestra :1948 – for the Fourth String Quartet. :1950 – for the ballet "The Bronze Horseman" (1949) * Twice Honored Artist of the RSFSR (1925 and 1927) *

People's Artiste of the Azerbaijan SSR The People's Artiste of the Azerbaijan SSR () was an honorary title awarded from 1931 to 1991 (and active from 1928 to 1991), it was granted to artistes of the Azerbaijan SSR for their contributions to the development of Azerbaijani culture in th ...

(1934) – for "special services to workers and the development of the new Turkic musical culture," for his years of work on the creation of the opera "Shahsanam") * People's Artist of RSFSR (1935) * People's Artist of the Uzbek SSR (1937) – for creation of the musical drama "Gyulsary". *

(1938)

Works

Orchestral works

* Symphony No 1 in E-flat major, Op. 8 (1900) * Symphony No 2 in C minor, Op. 25 (1907) * ''Sireny'' (The Sirens) in F minor, symphonic poem, Op. 33 (1908) * Symphony No 3 (''

'') in B minor, Op. 42 (1911). (Premiere by the

Russian Musical Society The Russian Musical Society (RMS) () was the first music school in Russia open to the general public. It was launched in 1859 by the Grand Duchess Elena Pavlovna and Anton Rubinstein, one of the few notable Russian pianists and composers of th ...

in Moscow under Emil Cooper on 23 March 1912.)David Ewen (1968) * ''Zaporozhtsy'' (The Zaporozhy Cossacks), symphonic poem-ballet, Op. 64 (1921; performed only in concert) * ''Na prazdnik Kominterna!'' (Fantasy for the Comintern Festival), Fantasy for military wind orchestra (1924) * ''Marsh Krasnoy Armii'' (March of the Red Army) for wind orchestra (1924) * ''Symphonic Fragment'' (1934) * ''Geroitshesky marsh Buryatskoy-Mongolskoy ASSR'' (Heroic March for the Buryat-Mongolian ASSR), C major, Op. 71 (1934–1936) * ''Torzhestvennaya uvertyura k 20-letiyu Oktyabrya'' (Festive Overture for the 20th Anniversary of the October-Revolution), Op. 72 (1937) * Ferganskiy Prazdnik (Holiday in Ferghana) Overture Op 75 * ''Pokhodny marsh'' (Field March) for wind orchestra, Op. 76 (1941) * ''Druzhba narodov'' (The friendship of the peoples), Overture on the 5th anniversary of the Soviet Constitution, Op. 79 (1941) * ''25 let Krasnoy Armii'' (25 Years of the Red Army), Overture for wind orchestra, Op. 84 (1943) * ''Pobeda'' (Victory), Overture, Op. 86 (1944); version for wind orchestra, Op. 86a * Concert Waltz in D-flat major, Op. 90 (1950)

Concerti

* Concerto for harp and orchestra in E-flat major, Op. 74 (1938) * Concerto for coloratura soprano (oboe, or leggero tenor 8vb) and orchestra in F minor, Op. 82 (1943) (Can also be played on the Violin, Cello, or Fifths tuned Double Bass). * Concerto for cello and orchestra in D minor, Op. 87 (1946) * Concerto for horn and orchestra in B-flat major, Op. 91 (1951) * Concerto for violin and orchestra (Concerto-Allegro) in G minor, Op. 100 (1956), completed and orchestrated by Boris Lyatoshinsky (can also be played on a Cello or Fifths tuned Double Bass)

Vocal works

* Songs * Chorales * Cantatas

Chamber music

* String Sextet No 1 in C minor, Op. 1 (1898) * String Quartet No 1 in A major, Op. 2 (1899) * Romance for violin and piano in D major, Op. 3 (1902) * Ballade for Cello and Piano, Op. 4 (1902) * String Octet in D major, Op. 5 (1902) * String Sextet No 2 in B minor, Op. 7 (1904) * Intermezzo and Tarantella for

double bass The double bass (), also known as the upright bass, the acoustic bass, the bull fiddle, or simply the bass, is the largest and lowest-pitched string instrument, chordophone in the modern orchestra, symphony orchestra (excluding rare additions ...

and piano, Op. 9 * String Sextet No 3 in C major, Op. 11 (1904) * String Quartet No 2 in G minor, Op. 20 (1905) * Praeludium and Scherzo for double bass and piano, Op. 32 * 11 Pieces for Different Instruments and piano, Op. 35 **2 Pieces for Flute and Piano *** 1. Mélodie *** 2. Valse **2 Pieces for Oboe or Violin and Piano *** 3. Chanson *** 4. Andante ** 1 Piece for Violoncello and Piano *** 5. Apassionate ** 2 Pieces for Clarinet and Piano *** 6. Romance *** 7. Valse triste ** 2 Pieces for Bassoon and Piano *** 8. Humoresque *** 9. Impromptu ** 2 Pieces for Horn and Piano *** 10. Nocturne *** 11. Intermezzo * 8 Duets for Violin and Cello, Op. 39 (1909) * 12 Duos for 2 Violins, Op. 49 (1909) * 2 Romances for voice and piano, Op. 50 (1909) * 12 Album leaves for Cello and Piano, Op. 51 (1910) * 10 Duos for 2 Cellos, Op.53 * String Quartet No 3 in D minor, Op. 67 (1927) * String Quartet No 4 in F minor, Op. 83 (1943)

Piano

Numerous piano pieces * 2 Pieces for Piano, Op. 16 (1904) ** Prélude in C minor ** Romance in E major * 5 Esquisses, Op.17 (1904) *'' 3 Morceaux for Piano, Op, 19'' (1905) (from the IMSLP Petrucci Music Library) * ''3 Pieces for Piano, Op. 21'' (1905) (from the IMSLP Petrucci Music Library) *
25 preludes for piano, Op. 30
' (from the Sibley Music Library Digital Scores Collection) * 2 Esquisses, Op.40 (1909) *
6 Morceaux pour 2 Pianos, Op. 41
' (1910?) (from the IMSLP Petrucci Music Library) *
8 pièces faciles pour piano, Op. 43
' (from the IMSLP Petrucci Music Library) * 12 Esquisses, Op.47 (1909) (has also been arranged for organ, and violin/piano) *
12 morceaux for piano 4-hands, Op. 48
' (from the Sibley Music Library Digital Scores Collection) * '' 12 Pièces enfantines pour piano'' (from the IMSLP Petrucci Music Library) * 3 Esquisses, Op.56 (1910)

Stage music

Opera

* ''Earth and Heaven'', opera-oratorio (1900), after the poem by

* ''Shakh-Senem'', opera, Op. 69 (1923–25) * ''Rachel'', opera in one act, Op.81 (1942–43), libretto by

Mikhail Bulgakov Mikhail Afanasyevich Bulgakov ( ; rus, links=no, Михаил Афанасьевич Булгаков, p=mʲɪxɐˈil ɐfɐˈnasʲjɪvʲɪdʑ bʊlˈɡakəf; – 10 March 1940) was a Russian and Soviet novelist and playwright. His novel ''The M ...

after Maupassant's '' Mademoiselle Fifi'' * ''Leyli va Medzhnun'', zbekianopera, Op. 94 (1940), co-author Talib Sadykov * ''Gyul'sara'', opera, Op. 96 (1936, rev. 1949), co-author Talib Sadykov

Ballet

* ''Khrizis'', Op. 65 (1912, rev. 1925), Mime Ballet * ''Komedianty'' (''The Comedians''), Op. 68 (1922, rev. 1930 and 1935 as ''Doch' Kastilii'' (''The Daughter of Castille'')) * ''Krasny mak'' ('' The Red Poppy''), Op. 70 (1927, rev. 1949 and 1955 ''Krasny tsvetok'' (''The Red Flower'')) * ''Cleopatra'', Op. 78 (1925), Mime Ballet * ''Medny vsadnik'' (''The Bronze Horseman''; after

Alexander Pushkin Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin () was a Russian poet, playwright, and novelist of the Romantic era.Basker, Michael. Pushkin and Romanticism. In Ferber, Michael, ed., ''A Companion to European Romanticism''. Oxford: Blackwell, 2005. He is consid ...

), Op. 89 (1948/49) * ''Taras Bulba'' (after

Nikolai Gogol Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol; ; (; () was a Russian novelist, short story writer, and playwright of Ukrainian origin. Gogol used the Grotesque#In literature, grotesque in his writings, for example, in his works "The Nose (Gogol short story), ...

), Op. 92 (1952)

Film music

* '' Alisher Navoi'' co-author Talib Sadykov (1947)

Instrumental solos

* Impromptu for harp * Prelude & Scherzo for Double Bass * Intermezzo & Tarantella for Double Bass

Notes

References

External links

* with a comprehensiv
list of works
sorted according to Opus nr.
Gliere and his Third Symphony Ilya Murometz

Global map of R.Gliere's heritage sites (updated regularly)

List of Reinhold Gliere's manuscripts in Russian Art&Literature Archive
{{DEFAULTSORT:Gliere, Reinhold 1875 births 1956 deaths 19th-century classical composers 19th-century male musicians 20th-century Russian male musicians Composers for piano Russian male opera composers Moscow Conservatory alumni Academic staff of Moscow Conservatory Musicians from Kyiv People's Artistes of the Azerbaijan SSR People's Artists of Uzbekistan Honored Artists of the RSFSR People's Artists of the RSFSR People's Artists of the USSR Recipients of the Stalin Prize Recipients of the Order of Lenin Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner of Labour Pupils of Jan Hřímalý Pupils of Sergei Taneyev Russian Romantic composers Soviet people of German descent Russian ballet composers Russian opera composers Russian people of German descent Russian people of Polish descent Soviet classical composers Soviet male classical composers Soviet opera composers Ukrainian classical composers Ukrainian opera composers Burials at Novodevichy Cemetery