The Reginarids (or Regnarids, Regniers, Reiniers, etc.) were a family of magnates in
Lower Lotharingia during the
Carolingian
The Carolingian dynasty (; known variously as the Carlovingians, Carolingus, Carolings, Karolinger or Karlings) was a Frankish noble family named after Charlemagne, grandson of mayor Charles Martel and a descendant of the Arnulfing and Pippi ...
and
Ottonian period. Their modern name is derived from the personal name which many members of the family bore, and which is seen as a ''
Leitname'' of the family. At least two
Dukes of Lotharingia in the 10th century belonged to this family. After a period of exile and rebellion, the two brothers who returned to power founded the first dynasties of the
County of Hainault and
County of Louvain. The latter were ancestors of the House of Brabant,
Landgraves and later
Dukes of Brabant,
Lothier and
Limburg. The Reginarid Brabant dynasty ended in 1355, leaving its duchies to the
House of Luxembourg
The House of Luxembourg ( lb, D'Lëtzebuerger Haus; french: Maison de Luxembourg; german: Haus Luxemburg) or Luxembourg dynasty was a royal family of the Holy Roman Empire in the Late Middle Ages, whose members between 1308 and 1437 ruled as ki ...
which in turn left them to the
House of Valois-Burgundy
The House of Valois-Burgundy (french: Maison de Valois-Bourgogne, nl, Huis van Valois-Bourgondië), or the Younger House of Burgundy, was a noble French family deriving from the royal House of Valois. It is distinct from the Capetian House of Bur ...
in 1383. Junior branches of the male line include the medieval male line of the English
House of Percy
A house is a single-unit residential building. It may range in complexity from a rudimentary hut to a complex structure of wood, masonry, concrete or other material, outfitted with plumbing, electrical, and heating, ventilation, and air condit ...
,
Earls of Northumberland, and the German
House of Hesse
The House of Hesse is a European dynasty, directly descended from the House of Reginar, House of Brabant. They ruled the region of Hesse, one branch as prince-electors until 1866, and another branch as grand dukes until 1918.Burke's Peerage, Bur ...
which ruled Hesse from 1264 until 1918 and still exists today.
History
The first probable ancestor known with any confidence is
Gilbert, Count of the Maasgau (mentioned in 841) who served King
Lothair I
Lothair I or Lothar I ( Dutch and Medieval Latin: ''Lotharius''; German: ''Lothar''; French: ''Lothaire''; Italian: ''Lotario'') (795 – 29 September 855) was emperor (817–855, co-ruling with his father until 840), and the governor of Bav ...
, but defected to Lothair's half-brother
Charles the Bald
Charles the Bald (french: Charles le Chauve; 13 June 823 – 6 October 877), also known as Charles II, was a 9th-century king of West Francia (843–877), king of Italy (875–877) and emperor of the Carolingian Empire (875–877). After a s ...
during the civil war of 840–843. In 846 Gilbert abducted an unnamed daughter of Lothair and married her in an attempt to force Lothair to reinstate him.
Reginar, Duke of Lorraine
Reginar Longneck or Reginar I ( 850–915), la, Rainerus or ''Ragenerus Longicollus'', was a leading nobleman in the kingdom of Lotharingia, variously described in contemporary sources with the titles of count, margrave, missus dominicus and d ...
(c. 850–916) is believed to be Gilbert's son. Following the death of
Charles the Fat
Charles III (839 – 13 January 888), also known as Charles the Fat, was the emperor of the Carolingian Empire from 881 to 888. A member of the Carolingian dynasty, Charles was the youngest son of Louis the German and Hemma, and a great-grandso ...
, the Reginarids began a long fight with the
Conradines
The Conradines or Conradiner were a dynasty of Franconian counts and dukes in the 8th to 11th Century, named after Duke Conrad the Elder and his son King Conrad I of Germany.
History
The family is first mentioned in 832, with Count Gebhard in ...
for supremacy in Lotharingia. When they triumphed, in 910, it was in electing
Charles the Simple
Charles III (17 September 879 – 7 October 929), called the Simple or the Straightforward (from the Latin ''Carolus Simplex''), was the king of West Francia from 898 until 922 and the king of Lotharingia from 911 until 919–923. He was a me ...
as king. It was the combined forces of
Bruno I of Lorraine and the
Carolingians of
West Francia
In medieval history, West Francia (Medieval Latin: ) or the Kingdom of the West Franks () refers to the western part of the Frankish Empire established by Charlemagne. It represents the earliest stage of the Kingdom of France, lasting from about ...
that finally broke the Reginarids' hold on power. In 958,
Reginar III had his lands confiscated and redistributed to Gerard, Count of Metz, of the
Matfridings Matfrid (died 836) was the Frankish count of Orléans in the reign of Emperor Louis the Pious. He is usually thought to have been the first of the lineage known to historians as the Matfridings (German ''Matfridinger'' or ''Matfriede'').
Matfrid wa ...
, enemies of his family since the reign of
Zwentibold
Zwentibold (''Zventibold'', ''Zwentibald'', ''Swentiboldo'', ''Sventibaldo'', ''Sanderbald''; – 13 August 900), a member of the Carolingian dynasty, was the illegitimate son of Emperor Arnulf.Collins 1999, p. 360 In 895, his father granted ...
.
The Reginarids supported
Lothair of France against
Otto II
Otto II (955 – 7 December 983), called the Red (''der Rote''), was Holy Roman Emperor from 973 until his death in 983. A member of the Ottonian dynasty, Otto II was the youngest and sole surviving son of Otto the Great and Adelaide of Ital ...
, but they made a deal with the latter in 978.
The Reginarids were no longer a unified family by the end of the tenth century. Their descendants in
Mons
Mons (; German and nl, Bergen, ; Walloon and pcd, Mont) is a city and municipality of Wallonia, and the capital of the province of Hainaut, Belgium.
Mons was made into a fortified city by Count Baldwin IV of Hainaut in the 12th century. ...
and
Louvain continued their spirit of opposition to the king.
[Reuter, 201.] The house also produced a queen-consort of England in the form of
Adeliza of Leuven, who married
Henry I of England
Henry I (c. 1068 – 1 December 1135), also known as Henry Beauclerc, was King of England from 1100 to his death in 1135. He was the fourth son of William the Conqueror and was educated in Latin and the liberal arts. On William's death in ...
.
Rulers
Dukes of Lorraine
*
Reginar (910–915)
*
Gilbert Gilbert may refer to:
People and fictional characters
*Gilbert (given name), including a list of people and fictional characters
*Gilbert (surname), including a list of people
Places Australia
* Gilbert River (Queensland)
* Gilbert River (South A ...
(915–939)
Counts of Hainaut
*
Reginar I (r. ?-898 and 908–915)
*
Reginar II (r. 915-after 932)
*
Reginar III (r. before 940–958)
*
Reginar IV (r. 973–974)
*
Reginar V (r. 1013–1039), acquired the southern part of the
Brabant province around 1024
*
Herman
Herman may refer to:
People
* Herman (name), list of people with this name
* Saint Herman (disambiguation)
* Peter Noone (born 1947), known by the mononym Herman
Places in the United States
* Herman, Arkansas
* Herman, Michigan
* Herman, Minne ...
(r. 1039–1051), married
Richilda, acquired Valenciennes around 1045 or 1049
Counts of Leuven,
Counts of Brussels
* 1003–1015 :
Lambert I, was the first Count of Louvain, son of
Reginar III Count of Hainaut
* 1015–1038 :
Henry I, (son of
Lambert I)
* 1038–1040 :
Otto
Otto is a masculine German given name and a surname. It originates as an Old High German short form (variants ''Audo'', '' Odo'', '' Udo'') of Germanic names beginning in ''aud-'', an element meaning "wealth, prosperity".
The name is recorde ...
* 1040–1054 :
Lambert II, (son of
Lambert I)
* 1054–1079 :
Henry II, (son of
Lambert II)
* 1079–1086 :
Henry III, (son of
Henry II)
Dukes of Lower Lorraine
The rulers of Lorraine have held different posts under different governments over different regions, since its creation as the kingdom of Lotharingia by the Treaty of Prüm, in 855. The first rulers of the newly established region were kings of ...
*
Godfrey I of Leuven (1106–1129) (also known as Godfrey V), brother of
Henry III, Count of Louvain
Henry III of Louvain (German: ''Heinrich'', Dutch:''Hendrik'', French: ''Henri''; died 1095), was Count of Louvain (Leuven) and Landgrave of Brabant, son of Henry II (c. 1020–1078), Count of Louvain and Brussels, and Adela of Orthen (or Betuwe ...
*
Godfrey II of Leuven (1139–1142) (also known as Godfrey VI)
*
Godfrey III of Leuven
Godfrey III ( nl, Godfried; c. 1142 – 21 August 1190) was count of Louvain (or Leuven), landgrave of Brabant, margrave of Antwerp, and duke of Lower Lorraine (as Godfrey VIII) from 1142 to his death.
Origins
He was the son of Godfrey II and ...
(1142–1190) (also known as Godfrey VII)
:''Passes to
Henry I, Duke of Brabant
Henry I ( nl, Hendrik, french: Henri; c. 1165 – 5 September 1235), named "The Courageous", was a member of the House of Reginar and first duke of Brabant from 1183/84 until his death.
Early life
Henry was possibly born in Leuven (Louvain ...
(1190–1235), see below:
Duke of Brabant
The Duke of Brabant (, ) was the ruler of the Duchy of Brabant since 1183/1184. The title was created by the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick Barbarossa in favor of Henry I of the House of Reginar, son of Godfrey III of Leuven (who was duke of ...
''
Counts of Leuven,
Counts of Brussels and
Landgraves of Brabant:
*
Henry III (1085/1086–1095); already
Count of Leuven and Brussels from 1078.
*
Godfrey I (from 1095)
Counts of Leuven,
Counts of Brussels,
Landgraves of Brabant,
Margrave of Antwerp
The Margraviate of Antwerp (or Mark of Antwerp) consisted since the eleventh century of the area around the cities of Antwerp and Breda.
Origin
Under Otto II, emperor of the Holy Roman Empire, several marches were created along the border w ...
and
Dukes of Lower-Lorraine:
*
Godfrey I (1106–1139) appointed as Duke in 1106
*
Godfrey II (1139–1142)
*
Godfrey III (1142–1190)
Dukes of Brabant and
Dukes of Lothier:

*
Henry I (1190–1235); already Duke of Brabant from 1183/1184
*
Henry II (1235–1248)
*
Henry III (1248–1261), his younger half brother
Henry I, Landgrave of Hesse inherited
Hesse
Hesse (, , ) or Hessia (, ; german: Hessen ), officially the State of Hessen (german: links=no, Land Hessen), is a state in Germany. Its capital city is Wiesbaden, and the largest urban area is Frankfurt. Two other major historic cities are Da ...
from his mother and became the founder of the
House of Hesse
The House of Hesse is a European dynasty, directly descended from the House of Reginar, House of Brabant. They ruled the region of Hesse, one branch as prince-electors until 1866, and another branch as grand dukes until 1918.Burke's Peerage, Bur ...
*
Henry IV (1261–1267)
Dukes of Brabant,
Dukes of Lothier and
Dukes of Limburg:
*
John I John I may refer to:
People
* John I (bishop of Jerusalem)
* John Chrysostom (349 – c. 407), Patriarch of Constantinople
* John of Antioch (died 441)
* Pope John I, Pope from 523 to 526
* John I (exarch) (died 615), Exarch of Ravenna
* John ...
(1267–1294)
*
John II (1294–1312)
*
John III (1312–1355)
*
Joanna
Joanna is a feminine given name deriving from from he, יוֹחָנָה, translit=Yôḥānāh, lit=God is gracious. Variants in English include Joan, Joann, Joanne, and Johanna. Other forms of the name in English are Jan, Jane, Janet, Janic ...
(1355–1406), married
Wenceslaus I, Duke of Luxembourg
Family Tree
Sources
*
Reuter, Timothy. ''Germany in the Early Middle Ages 800–1056''. New York: Longman, 1991.
*Family tree of Reginars and Balderics: KUPPER, Jean-Louis. Annexe II. Les Régnier et les Balderic In: Liège et l’Église impériale aux XIe-XIIe siècles
n línea Liége: Presses universitaires de Liège, 1981 (generado el 02 julio 2017). Disponible en Internet:
. . DOI: 10.4000/books.pulg.1472.
Notes
{{reflist
10th century in Europe