Regal (Ulmus)

''Ulmus'' 'Regal' is an American hybrid elm cultivar developed by the University of Wisconsin–Madison and released in 1983. 'Regal' was derived from seeds arising from the crossing of the Dutch hybrid clones 'Commelin' and '215' ( ''U. pumila'' 'Pinnato-ramosa' × ''U. minor'' 'Hoersholmiensis') sent in 1960 by Hans M. Heybroek of the Dorschkamp Research Institute for Forestry & Landscape Planning, Wageningen, Netherlands.

Description

'Regal' has a strong central leader bestowing an upright columnar form similar to 'Commelin', making it particularly suitable for street planting.Santamour, J., Frank, S. & Bentz, S. (1995). Updated checklist of elm (Ulmus) cultivars for use in North America. ''Journal of Arboriculture'', 21:3 (May 1995), 121–131. International Society of Arboriculture, Champaign, Illinois, US

/ref>Smalley, E. B. & Lester, D. T. (1983), ''HortScience'' 18: 960–961, 1983. The foliage is distinctively sparse, allowing dappled sunlight beneath the canop

The leaves are narrowly leaf shape, elliptical, 5 cm to 10 cm in length, fern green when young, changing to a glossy, trichome-free, dusky spinach green. The perfect, wind-pollinated apetalous flowers emerge in early March.

File:Ulmus Regal leaves.jpg, 'Regal' leaves
File:Ulmus 'Regal'. The Meadows, Edinburgh.jpg, 'Regal' foliage
File:Ulmus 'Regal'. Craigleith Road, Edinburgh (2).jpg, 'Regal' bole

Pests and diseases

'Regal' has a good resistance, rated 4 out of 5,Heybroek, H. M., Goudzwaard, L, Kaljee, H. (2009). ''Iep of olm, karakterboom van de Lage Landen'' (:Elm, a tree with character of the Low Countries). KNNV, Uitgeverij. to Dutch elm disease and verticillium wilt, but is very susceptible to the Elm Leaf Beetle ''Xanthogaleruca luteola'' in the United States. The tree's foliage was adjudged 'resistant' to Black Spot by the Plant Diagnostic Clinic of the University of Missouribr>

Cultivation

The tree performed particularly well in the Northern Arizona University trial

where, along with Ulmus 'Frontier', 'Frontier', it proved very tolerant of the hot and arid conditions in the eastern part of Arizona, exhibiting minimal leaf scorch. In Europe, 'Regal' was introduced by the now-defunct Conrad-Appel nursery in Darmstadt and grown under licence by several Dutch and German nurseries as one of the serie

It has enjoyed modest success in Germany as a street tre

but remains uncommon in the UK, where it was introduced by the Conservation Foundation, UK, Conservation Foundation and marketed for a few years by Crowder's Nursery, near Lincoln. 'Regal' was planted in the Royal Horticultural Society's garden at Harlow Carr, North Yorkshire. It was trialled by Edinburgh Council, and many healthy specimens survive in the city.'Regal' in Edinburgh: nomorepencils.com/dutch-elm-disease-in-edinburgh/; fombl.org.uk/nl4.pdf; fombl.org.uk/nl5.pdf 'Regal' also featured in trials in New Zealand during the 1990s at the Hortresearch station, Palmerston North.

File:Ulmus 'Regal'. Craigleith Road, Edinburgh (1).jpg, 'Regal', Craigleith Rd, Edinburgh
File:Ulmus 'Regal' Germany.jpg, 'Regal' along a German highway
File:cathedral - regal - pioneer - urban - laevis - den haag.jpg, Elm cultivars, Netherlands; 'Regal' 2nd from left
File:Regal elm in Hove.JPG, 'Regal' in Daleview Gardens, Hove (2008)
File:7000 Eichen - Ulmenstraße 2022-05-25.JPG, 'Regal' by Königstor, Kassel, Hessen (2022)

Notable trees

The UK TROBI champion is at Abbey Park, Leicester, measuring 14 m high, 26 cm d.b.h. in 2004.

Hybrid cultivars

* 'Repura', 'Revera'

Accessions

North America

* Chicago Botanic Garden, US. 3 trees, no other details available.
* Holden Arboretum, US. Acc. no. 85–189

Europe

*Brighton & Hove City Council, UK. NCCPG Elm Collection. Some very big trees in Hangleton, Hove.
* Cambridge Botanic Gardenbr>
UK. No accession details available.
*Grange Farm Arboretum, Lincolnshire, UK.
* Rombergparkbr>
Dortmund, Germany. Details not known.
*Royal Horticultural Society Harlow Carr Arboretu

Harrogate, UK. Planted 1988.
*Wijdemeren City Council, Netherlands. Elm collection. Planted in 2015 in Nederhorst den Berg (Randweg, Vincent van Goghstraat, Pieter de Hooghweg).

Nurseries

;North America
*Johnson's Nurser

Menomonee Falls, Wisconsin, US.
*Klyn Nurserie

Perry, Ohio, US.
*Lake County Nurser

Perry, Ohio, US.
*Sun Valley Garden Centr

Eden Prairie, Minnesota, US.
;Europe
*Eisele GmbH & Co KG, Darmstadt, Germany.
*Noordplan

Glimmen, Netherlands.
*Pan-Global Plant

Frampton-on-Severn, Gloucestershire, UK.

References

External links

*http://www.extension.iastate.edu/Publications/SUL4.pdf Summary, inc. photographs, of elm cultivars resistant to Dutch elm disease available in the United States.
*http://fletcher.ces.state.nc.us/programs/nursery/metria/metria11/warren/elm.htm Warren, K., J. Frank Schmidt & Son Co. (2002). ''The Status of Elms in the Nursery Industry in 2000''.

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