Ratnappa Kumbhar
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Dr Ratnappa Bharamappa Kumbhar (15 September 1909 – 23 December 1998), also called Deshbhakt Ratnappa Kumbhar, was an
Indian independence activist The Indian independence movement consisted of efforts by individuals and organizations from a wide spectrum of society to obtain political independence from the British, French and Portuguese rule through the use of many methods. This is a li ...
from
Ichalkaranji Ichalkaranji ( t͡səlkəɾəɳd͡ʒiː is a city in Kolhapur District, Maharashtra, India. It is situated at the bank of the Panchganga River. History As described by Horace George Franks in the book ''The Story of Ichalkaranji'' (1929), ...
, who actively participated in the
Indian independence movement The Indian independence movement was a series of historic events in South Asia with the ultimate aim of ending British Raj, British colonial rule. It lasted until 1947, when the Indian Independence Act 1947 was passed. The first nationalistic ...
. He was one of the persons to sign the Final Draft of the
Constitution of India The Constitution of India is the supreme law of India, legal document of India, and the longest written national constitution in the world. The document lays down the framework that demarcates fundamental political code, structure, procedures ...
along with
B. R. Ambedkar Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (Bhīmrāo Rāmjī Āmbēḍkar; 14 April 1891 – 6 December 1956) was an Indian jurist, economist, social reformer and political leader who chaired the committee that drafted the Constitution of India based on t ...
. He received
Padma Shri The Padma Shri (IAST: ''padma śrī'', lit. 'Lotus Honour'), also spelled Padma Shree, is the fourth-highest Indian honours system, civilian award of the Republic of India, after the Bharat Ratna, the Padma Vibhushan and the Padma Bhushan. In ...
award in 1985 (social work). He was Member of the Parliament, Member of Legislative Council and also worked as a Minister of Food and Civil Supplies in Maharashtra Government.


Biography

Dr. Ratnappa Kumbhar was born into a Lingayat
pottery Pottery is the process and the products of forming vessels and other objects with clay and other raw materials, which are fired at high temperatures to give them a hard and durable form. The place where such wares are made by a ''potter'' is al ...
family at Nimshirgaon village in
Shirol Shirol is a historic place. In a great war between Shivaji, Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj and the Mughal Empire, the Mughals were defeated and the heads of Mughal soldiers were hanged at the main gate of city. So the name Shirol: ''Shir'' (heads) ...
tehsil.


Indian independence movement

During his youth he was keenly interested in political and social work and mobilized support under the Praja Parishad banner against the local princely state rulers with
Madhavrao Bagal Madhavrao Khanderao Bagal (28 May 1895 – 6 March 1986), also called Bhai Madhavrao Bagal, was a noted writer, artist, journalist, social reformer, political activist, orator and freedom fighter from Kolhapur. Early life He was born on 28 ...
and other associates like
Dinakara Desai Dinakara Desai was a poet, writer, educationist, and political activist. He was famous for his poetry form called ''chutuka'' (also known as ''Chutuka Brahma''). Chutuka or chutuku is a quadraplet poem. This format was later adopted by other p ...
Freedom movement in princely states of Maharashtra by Arun Bhosale, Ashok S. Chousalkar, Lakshminarayana Tarodi, Shivaji University Shivaji University, 200 pp 57-60, 104-125 He and Desai were arrested on 8 July 1939. Kumbhar, Bagal, Desai and others were arrested and fined by
Kolhapur State The Kolhapur State was a Maratha princely state of India, under the Deccan Division of the Bombay Presidency, and later the Deccan States Agency. It was considered the most important of the Maratha principalities with the others being Baroda Sta ...
He actively participated in the freedom movement and later went underground for about 6 years. He was on the forefront of an agitation for dissolution of princely states. He was also elected as a member of the
Constituent Assembly of India Constituent Assembly of India was partly elected and partly nominated body to frame the Constitution of India. It was elected by the Provincial assemblies of British India following the Provincial Assembly elections held in 1946 and nominated ...
. For his long devotion to the independence movement, he was called Deshbhakt ("Patriot") Ratnappa Kumbhar.


Political career

After Independence, Kumbhar was elected to the
1st Lok Sabha The First Lok Sabha was constituted on 17 April 1952 after India's first general election. The 1st Lok Sabha lasted its full tenure of five years and was dissolved on 4 April 1957. The First Session of this Lok Sabha commenced on 13 May 1952. To ...
from the Kolhapur cum Satara constituency. He was responsible for founding a sugar mill in
Ichalkaranji Ichalkaranji ( t͡səlkəɾəɳd͡ʒiː is a city in Kolhapur District, Maharashtra, India. It is situated at the bank of the Panchganga River. History As described by Horace George Franks in the book ''The Story of Ichalkaranji'' (1929), ...
. Between 1962 and 1982 and from 1990 till his death in 1998, he was a member of the
Maharashtra Legislative Assembly The Maharashtra Legislative Assembly (ISO: ''Mahārāṣṭra Vidhāna Sabhā'') is the lower house of the bicameral legislature of Maharashtra state in western India. It consists of 288 members directly elected from single-seat constituenci ...
representing the Shirol constituency. From 1974 until 1978 he was Minister of State for home and civil supplies. He was instrumental in bringing about the industrial and agricultural prosperity of Shirol and Hatkanangle tehsil of Kolhapur.


Co-operative Movement

Ratnappa Kumbhar, undertook various Co-operative Movements and also ran them successfully, including: # Panchaganga Sahakari Sakhar Karkhana Ltd. Ganganagar Ichalkaranji. # Peoples Co-operative Bank Ltd. # The Kolhapur Zilla Sahakari Shetakari Vinkari Soot Girani Ltd # The Janata Central co-operative consumer stores Ltd. Ratnappa Kumbhar died in the morning of 23 December 1998, at the age of 89. Th
Deshbhakt Ratnappa Kumbhar College of Commerce
college in Kolhapur is named after him. In Kamptee district Nagpur of Maharashtra Mr. Ramdas Khopey established a school name Deshbhakta Ratnappa Kumbhar Vidyalaya.


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kumbhar, Ratnappa Indian civil rights activists Indian socialists 1909 births 1998 deaths Recipients of the Padma Shri in social work People from Ichalkaranji Indian independence activists from Maharashtra Members of the Constituent Assembly of India Maharashtra MLAs 1962–1967 Maharashtra MLAs 1967–1972 Maharashtra MLAs 1972–1978 Maharashtra MLAs 1978–1980 Maharashtra MLAs 1990–1995 State cabinet ministers of Maharashtra Maharashtra MLAs 1980–1985 Indian National Congress politicians from Maharashtra Prisoners and detainees of British India India MPs 1952–1957 Marathi politicians 20th-century Indian educators Lok Sabha members from Maharashtra People from Kolhapur district Social workers from Maharashtra