Ratchasakun () refers to the surnames indicating royal descent from a Thai monarch of the
Chakri Dynasty
The Chakri dynasty is the current reigning dynasty of the Thailand, Kingdom of Thailand. The head of the house is the Monarchy of Thailand, king, who is head of state. The family has ruled Thailand since the founding of the Rattanakosin era and ...
, first established in 1912 after
King Rama VI enacted a series of laws granting surnames to the Thai people, with the laws expressly stating that all Thai citizens must have a "
surname
In many societies, a surname, family name, or last name is the mostly hereditary portion of one's personal name that indicates one's family. It is typically combined with a given name to form the full name of a person, although several give ...
" indicating who they are related to, or whom they are descended from, with those who are direct members of the royal bloodlines to be called ''ratchasakun'', those who have marital ties to the royal family to be referred to as ''ratchanikun'' (ราชนิกุล), and those descended from a Chakri
Front Palace
Krom Phra Ratchawang Bowon Sathan Mongkhon , colloquially known as the Front Palace (, ), was the title of the ''uparaja'' of Siam, variously translated as "viceroy", "vice king" or "Lord/Prince of the Front Palace", as the titleholder resided ...
to be called ''bowon ratchasakun'' (บวรราชสกุล).
Ratchatrakul
Ratchatrakul (ราชตระกูล) are the royal houses which are descended directly from the siblings of
King Rama I
Phutthayotfa Chulalok (born Thongduang; 20 March 1737 – 7 September 1809), also known by his regnal name Rama I, was the founder of the Rattanakosin Kingdom (now Thailand) and the first King of Siam from the reigning Chakri dynasty. He asce ...
. This refers to those not of the immediate royal family, meaning those of the rank of Serene Highness (Mom Chao) or below. Untitled ratchasakun or spouses of ratchasakun shall take the suffix of na Ayudhya (modern alternatives: Na Ayutthaya) behind the surname as well, to signify royal heritage.
Ratchasakun
Ratchasakun (ราชสกุล) refers to those who are directly descended from a Thai monarch. This refers to those not of the immediate royal family, meaning those of the rank of Serene Highness (Mom Chao) or below. Untitled ratchasakun or spouses of ratchasakun shall take the suffix of Na Ayudhya (modern alternatives: Na Ayutthaya) behind the surname as well, to signify royal heritage.
Royal Houses descended from Rama I
Royal Houses descended from Rama II
Royal Houses descended from Rama III
Royal Houses descended from Rama IV
*Order column derived from the original numerical order taken by
Rama VI
Vajiravudh (1 January 188126 November 1925) was the sixth king of Siam from the Chakri dynasty, titled Rama VI. He reigned from 1910 until his death in 1925. King Vajiravudh is best known for his efforts to create and promote Siamese nationa ...
when granting surnames. Some were omitted from the original count by the king:
Kritākara: Not counted in Rama VI's specific order, granted as the 721st surname.
Gaganānga: No surviving male descendants at the time of granting.
Navavongsa: Not counted by Rama VI in his specific order, but granted as the 226th surname.
Supratishtha: Not counted by Rama VI in his specific order, granted as the 1403rd surname.
Royal Houses descended from Rama V
Royal Houses descended from Rama VII
Sources
This is a direct translation of the Thai language Wikipedia page.
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References
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Monarchy of Thailand
Chakri dynasty