The Yangon General Hospital (YGH, ) is a major public hospital in a compound in

Yangon Yangon, formerly romanized as Rangoon, is the capital of the Yangon Region and the largest city of Myanmar. Yangon was the List of capitals of Myanmar, capital of Myanmar until 2005 and served as such until 2006, when the State Peace and Dev ...

Myanmar Myanmar, officially the Republic of the Union of Myanmar; and also referred to as Burma (the official English name until 1989), is a country in northwest Southeast Asia. It is the largest country by area in Mainland Southeast Asia and has ...

. The 2,000-bed hospital consists of seven medical wards, three surgical wards, two trauma and orthopaedic wards, and 28 specialist departments for inpatient care. The hospital also runs an ER for general medicine, general surgery and traumatology.

History

Early history

In the early 1890s, the Agri-Horticultural Gardens and the Phayre Museum occupied the present site of Yangon General Hospital. The Yangon General Hospital was established in 1899 as the Rangoon General Hospital (RGH). The main building was designed by the head of the Public Works Department, Henry Hoyne-Fox, and construction started in 1904 and took five years to complete. It was fitted with all the latest modern medical improvement at that time, including operating theatres with electricity and anesthesia rooms. The 3-story Victorian-style main building was opened on 6 May 1905. In the following year, the administrative block and other structures, such as the Matron's accommodation and the morgue, were added and cost four million rupees overall. In 1911, the new and larger hospital opened its doors for the first time with a total of 342 beds. It also housed the country's first bacteriological laboratory, through which several contributions to global medical science were made during the early 20th century.

World War II

During the Japanese Occupation, the Imperial Japanese Army occupied the buildings and reserved them for Japanese personnel; the General Hospital had to temporarily relocate to the former Diocesan Girls’ School on Signal Pagoda Road.

After World War II

After World War II, the hospital underwent renovations and had a capacity of 546 beds. In 1964, new specialist wards were added, and the capacity was increased to 1500 beds. The building was a major massacre site during the

8888 Uprising The 8888 Uprising, also known as the People Power Uprising and the 1988 Uprising, was a series of nationwide protests, marches, and riots in Burma (present-day Myanmar) that peaked in August 1988. Key events occurred on 8 August 1988 and ther ...

, in which injured patients, assumed to have taken part in the anti-government protests, were killed by the

Tatmadaw The Tatmadaw, also known as the Sit-Tat, is the armed forces of Myanmar (formerly Burma). It is administered by the Ministry of Defence and composed of the Myanmar Army, the Myanmar Navy and the Myanmar Air Force. Auxiliary services include ...

. The hospital is closed to tourists. The hospital was also the site of

Aung San Suu Kyi Aung San Suu Kyi (born 19 June 1945) is a Burmese politician, diplomat, author, and political activist. She was awarded the 1991 Nobel Peace Prize. She served as State Counsellor of Myanmar and Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Myanmar), Ministe ...

's first public speech, on 24 August 1988. The hospital was listed on the

Yangon City Heritage List The Yangon City Heritage List is a list of man-made landmarks in Yangon, Myanmar, so designated by the city government, Yangon City Development Committee. The list consists of 188 structures (as of 2001), and is largely made up of mostly religious s ...

in 2017.

Services and specialties provided

The hospital has around 2000 staff. As of July 2018, the hospital has 2000 beds and generally treats 1800 inpatients and between 800 and 1200 outpatients a day. Although public health care is nominally free, patients do have to pay for some medicine that is not provided by the Ministry of Health.

Departments

YGH maintains both medical and surgical specialist departments and diagnostic departments.

Specialist departments

* Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (Ward 20) * Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (Ward 19) * Department of Clinical Haematology * Department of Dermatology * Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology (Ward 15+16)(Attached with General Medical Unit 2B (Ward 13+14)) * Department of Emergency Medicine * Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine * Department of Hand and Reconstructive Microsurgery (Ward (3+4)) * Department of Neurology * Department of Neurosurgery * Department of Gastroenterology * Department of Geriatrics (Ward 9+10)(Attached with General Medical Unit 3B (Ward 7+8)) * Department of Medical Oncology * Department of Plastic, Maxillofacial & Oral Surgery * Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation * Department of Radiation Oncology * Department of Tropical and Infectious Diseases (Attached with General Medical Unit 1B) * General Medical Units (1A, 2A (Ward 17+18), 3A (Ward 11+12)& 4) * General Surgical Units (1, 2 & 3) * Trauma care units (1 (Ward 1+2) & 2 (Ward 5+6)) * Intensive Care Cardiovascular Unit (Cardiac Intensive Care Unit and Coronary Care Unit (CCU)) (Ward 20) * Diagnostic and Therapeutic Cardiovascular Catheterisation Laboratories * Operation Theatre Complex * Arrhythmias Clinic * Special Skin Clinic * STD Clinic * National TB Programme * Diabetic Clinic * Dentistry Clinic * Mental Health Clinic * Acute Burn Care Unit * Epilepsy Unit * Isolation Ward * Pain and Palliative Care Unit Yangon General Hospital Dental O

Diagnostics departments

* Department of Radiology (MRI, 24 hr CT scan service, Xray, USS) * Department of Pathology * Department of Microbiology * Department of Nuclear Medicine * Diagnostic Cardiovascular Catheterisation Laboratories * Non-invasive Cardiovascular Diagnostic Lab * National Endoscopy Centre * Neuroelectrophyisological Centre

Auxiliary departments

* Department of Forensic Medicine * National Blood Bank * Medical Record Department * Bio-Medical Engineering Department * Kitchen * Laundry * Motor Transport

Clinical training and nursing education

YGH is the Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital of

University of Medicine 1, Yangon The University of Medicine 1, Yangon ( ; formerly the Institute of Medicine 1), located in Yangon, it is the oldest medical school in Myanmar. The university offers Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery, M.B.B.S. (equivalent of the Doctor of Medicine, ...

, the

Yangon Institute of Nursing The University of Nursing, Yangon ( ; formerly The Institute of Nursing, Yangon) is a nursing university, located in Lanmadaw Township, Yangon, Myanmar Myanmar, officially the Republic of the Union of Myanmar; and also referred to as Bu ...

, and the

University of Medical Technology, Yangon The University of Medical Technology, Yangon ( ; formerly, the Institute of Paramedical Science, Yangon) is one of two universities of medical technology in Myanmar. The university offers four-year Bachelor of Medical Technology (B.Med.Tech) and t ...

. In particular, it is the main teaching hospital of the University of Medicine 1, Yangon.

Research and other medical and academic collaborations

* Australia–Myanmar Trauma Management Program: From 2015 to 2017, this program gave trauma care team training to Myanmar clinicians.

References

{{reflist Hospital buildings completed in 1899 Hospitals in Yangon Hospitals established in 1899 1899 establishments in Burma