Randy Thornhill (born 1944) is an American
entomologist
Entomology (from Ancient Greek ἔντομον (''éntomon''), meaning "insect", and -logy from λόγος (''lógos''), meaning "study") is the branch of zoology that focuses on insects. Those who study entomology are known as entomologists. In ...
and
evolutionary biologist. He is a professor of
biology
Biology is the scientific study of life and living organisms. It is a broad natural science that encompasses a wide range of fields and unifying principles that explain the structure, function, growth, History of life, origin, evolution, and ...
at the
University of New Mexico
The University of New Mexico (UNM; ) is a public research university in Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States. Founded in 1889 by the New Mexico Territorial Legislature, it is the state's second oldest university, a flagship university in th ...
, and was president of the
Human Behavior and Evolution Society from 2011 to 2013.
He is known for his evolutionary explanation of
rape
Rape is a type of sexual assault involving sexual intercourse, or other forms of sexual penetration, carried out against a person without consent. The act may be carried out by physical force, coercion, abuse of authority, or against a person ...
as well as his work on insect mating systems and the
parasite-stress theory.
Life
Thornhill was born in
Alabama
Alabama ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern and Deep South, Deep Southern regions of the United States. It borders Tennessee to the north, Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gu ...
in 1944.
When he was 12, his mother introduced him to
Charles Darwin
Charles Robert Darwin ( ; 12 February 1809 – 19 April 1882) was an English Natural history#Before 1900, naturalist, geologist, and biologist, widely known for his contributions to evolutionary biology. His proposition that all speci ...
's ''
The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex'', which encouraged his later interest in human evolution.
He received a BS in
Zoology
Zoology ( , ) is the scientific study of animals. Its studies include the anatomy, structure, embryology, Biological classification, classification, Ethology, habits, and distribution of all animals, both living and extinction, extinct, and ...
from
Auburn University
Auburn University (AU or Auburn) is a Public university, public Land-grant university, land-grant research university in Auburn, Alabama, United States. With more than 26,800 undergraduate students, over 6,100 post-graduate students, and a tota ...
in 1968, an MS in entomology from Auburn University in 1970, and a PhD in Zoology from the
University of Michigan
The University of Michigan (U-M, U of M, or Michigan) is a public university, public research university in Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States. Founded in 1817, it is the oldest institution of higher education in the state. The University of Mi ...
in 1974. His doctoral thesis discussed the
evolutionary ecology
Evolutionary ecology lies at the intersection of ecology and evolutionary biology. It approaches the study of ecology in a way that explicitly considers the evolutionary histories of species and the interactions between them. Conversely, it can ...
of
Mecoptera
Mecoptera (from the Greek language, Greek: ''mecos'' = "long", ''ptera'' = "wings") is an Order (biology), order of insects in the superorder Holometabola with about six hundred species in nine Family (biology), families worldwide. Mecopterans a ...
insects.
He was formerly married to fellow researcher Nancy Thornhill.
Work
Thornhill's interests lie in the evolution and ecology of animal social psychology and behavior, as well as
human behavioral ecology and
evolutionary psychology
Evolutionary psychology is a theoretical approach in psychology that examines cognition and behavior from a modern evolutionary perspective. It seeks to identify human psychological adaptations with regard to the ancestral problems they evolved ...
.
In 1983, Thornhill published ''The Evolution of Insect Mating Systems'', a book that journalist
Ethan Watters described as "groundbreaking".
He considers this his most important work.
As of 2014, he has published four books and over 150 papers, which have been cited more than 17,000 times.
His work has been featured in many newspapers, magazines, television shows and radio programs,
including an interview on ''
The Today Show''.
Together with anthropologist Craig T. Palmer, Thornhill authored ''
A Natural History of Rape'' in 2000. Thornhill and Palmer proposed that rape should be understood through evolutionary psychology,
and criticized the argument that rape is not sexually motivated.
They argue that the capacity for rape is either an
adaptation
In biology, adaptation has three related meanings. Firstly, it is the dynamic evolutionary process of natural selection that fits organisms to their environment, enhancing their evolutionary fitness. Secondly, it is a state reached by the p ...
or a byproduct of adaptive traits such as sexual desire and aggressiveness.
The work provoked a major controversy. Thornhill received several death threats, and was assigned a campus police officer to escort him to and from class.
A compendium of academic criticism was published, to which Thornhill responded.
Since 2005, Thornhill has proposed that many human values evolved to protect against
pathogen
In biology, a pathogen (, "suffering", "passion" and , "producer of"), in the oldest and broadest sense, is any organism or agent that can produce disease. A pathogen may also be referred to as an infectious agent, or simply a Germ theory of d ...
s.
He believes that morality, political systems and religion are all influenced by regional variations in pathogen levels. In particular, Thornhill and colleagues have suggested that
collectivism and
xenophobia
Xenophobia (from (), 'strange, foreign, or alien', and (), 'fear') is the fear or dislike of anything that is perceived as being foreign or strange. It is an expression that is based on the perception that a conflict exists between an in-gr ...
serve to ward off infectious disease. In support of this, they reported that collectivist cultures had a higher prevalence of pathogens than
individualist ones. Thornhill has also suggested that pathogen defense could help explain civil and ethnic warfare, homicide,
patriarchal
Patriarchy is a social system in which positions of authority are primarily held by men. The term ''patriarchy'' is used both in anthropology to describe a family or clan controlled by the father or eldest male or group of males, and in fem ...
family structures, and social suppression of female sexuality.
In 2021, Thornhill appeared as a guest on episode 38 of season 4 of the
Jordan B. Peterson Podcast entitled: ''Death, Disease, and Politics''. There, he discussed his research and views with the host (Peterson) about a range of topics, including
attractiveness, Thornhill's
parasite-stress theory, and the “critical role that
infectious disease
An infection is the invasion of tissue (biology), tissues by pathogens, their multiplication, and the reaction of host (biology), host tissues to the infectious agent and the toxins they produce. An infectious disease, also known as a transmis ...
plays in humanity,
IQ,
sex,
religion
Religion is a range of social system, social-cultural systems, including designated religious behaviour, behaviors and practices, morals, beliefs, worldviews, religious text, texts, sanctified places, prophecies, ethics in religion, ethics, or ...
, and
conservatism
Conservatism is a Philosophy of culture, cultural, Social philosophy, social, and political philosophy and ideology that seeks to promote and preserve traditional institutions, Convention (norm), customs, and Value (ethics and social science ...
”.
References
External links
ResearchGate profile
{{DEFAULTSORT:Thornhill, Randy
Living people
1944 births
21st-century American biologists
American entomologists
Evolutionary psychologists
Human Behavior and Evolution Society
Writers from Alabama
University of Michigan faculty
University of Michigan alumni
Auburn University alumni