Donn Randy Garrison (born 1945) is a Canadian professor emeritus at the

University of Calgary The University of Calgary (U of C or UCalgary) is a public research university located in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. The University of Calgary started in 1944 as the Calgary branch of the University of Alberta, founded in 1908, prior to being inst ...

who has published extensively on

distance education Distance education, also known as distance learning, is the education of students who may not always be physically present at a school, or where the learner and the teacher are separated in both time and distance. Traditionally, this usually in ...

. Garrison is a holder of a B. Ed in Mathematics with a minor in Psychology. In 1972, he did his Master of Education in Computer Application in Education at the University of Calgary. He received an award for most outstanding achievement from the

Sloan Consortium The Online Learning Consortium (OLC) is a collaborative community of higher education leaders and innovators, dedicated to advancing quality digital teaching and learning experiences designed to reach and engage the modern learner – anyone, anyw ...

in 2009.

Research

*The focus of Garrison's work has been on distance education, online and blended learning. He explored the relationship with teaching, learning and the communication process . *Garrison believed that at the start of the 21st century, online learning has focused on communication and collaboration. *By understanding the relationship among teaching presence, cognitive presence and social presence, educators will be able to better meet the needs of the learners. *Garrison believed that communication and collaboration between

teacher A teacher, also called a schoolteacher or formally an educator, is a person who helps students to acquire knowledge, competence, or virtue, via the practice of teaching. ''Informally'' the role of teacher may be taken on by anyone (e.g. w ...

and

learner Learning is the process of acquiring new understanding, knowledge, behaviors, skills, values, attitudes, and preferences. The ability to learn is possessed by humans, animals, and some machines; there is also evidence for some kind of learn ...

is essential in distance education.

Books

#Garrison, D. R. (1989). Understanding distance education: A framework for the future. London: Routledge. #Garrison, D. R. & Shale, D. (Eds.). (1990). Education at a distance: From issues to practice. Melbourne, Florida: Krieger. #Garrison, D. R. (Ed.) (1994). Research perspectives in adult education. Melbourne, Florida: Krieger. #Garrison, D. R., & Archer, W. (2000). A transactional perspective on teaching-learning: A framework for adult and higher education. Oxford, UK: Pergamon. #Garrison, D. R., & Anderson, T. (2003). E-Learning in the 21st century: A framework for research and practice. London: Routledge/Falmer. #Garrison, D. R., & Vaughan, N. (2008). Blended learning in higher education. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. #Cleveland-Innes, M., & Garrison, D. R. (Eds.) (2010). An introduction to distance education: Understanding teaching and learning in a new era. London: Routledge. #Garrison, D. R. (2011). E-Learning in the 21st century: A framework for research and practice (2nd ed.). London: Routledge/Taylor and Francis. #Akyol, Z., & Garrison, D. R. (Eds.) (2013). Educational communities of inquiry: Theoretical framework, research and practice. Hershey, PA: IGI Global. #Vaughan, N. D., Cleveland-Innes, M., & Garrison, D. R. (2013). Teaching in blended learning environments: Creating and sustaining communities of inquiry. Athabasca, Athabasca University Press. #Garrison, D. R. (2016). Thinking Collaboratively: Learning in a Community of Inquiry. London: Routledge/Taylor and Francis. #Garrison, D. R. (2017). E-Learning in the 21st Century: A Community of Inquiry Framework for Research and Practice (3rd edition). London: Routledge/Taylor and Francis. #Cleveland-Innes, M., & Garrison, D. R. (Eds.) (2021). An introduction to distance education: Understanding teaching and learning in a new era (2nd edition). London: Routledge.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Garrison, D. Randy 1945 births Living people Canadian cognitive scientists Academic staff of the University of Calgary University of Calgary alumni 20th-century Canadian mathematicians 21st-century Canadian mathematicians University of British Columbia alumni Academic staff of the University of Alberta Scientists from Alberta