The Ramnulfids, or the House of Poitiers, were a French dynasty ruling the County of Poitou and Duchy of Aquitaine in the 9th through 12th centuries. Their power base shifted from

Toulouse Toulouse ( , ; oc, Tolosa ) is the Prefectures in France, prefecture of the Departments of France, French department of Haute-Garonne and of the larger Regions of France, region of Occitania (administrative region), Occitania. The city is on t ...

Poitou Poitou (, , ; ; Poitevin dialect, Poitevin: ''Poetou'') was a Provinces of France, province of west-central France whose capital city was Poitiers. Both Poitou and Poitiers are named after the Pictones Gallic tribe. Geography The main histori ...

. In the early 10th century, they contested the dominance of northern Aquitaine and the ducal title to the whole with the House of Auvergne. In 1032, they inherited the Duchy of Gascony, thus uniting it with Aquitaine. By the end of the 11th century, they were the dominant power in the southwestern third of France. The founder of the family was Ramnulf I, who became count in 835. Ramnulf's son, Ramnulf II, claimed the title of King of Aquitaine in 888, but it did not survive him. Through his illegitimate son Ebalus he fathered the line of dukes of Aquitaine that would rule continuously from 927 to 1204, from the succession of William III to the death of Eleanor, who brought the Ramnulfid inheritance first to

Louis VII of France Louis VII (1120 – 18 September 1180), called the Younger, or the Young (french: link=no, le Jeune), was King of the Franks from 1137 to 1180. He was the son and successor of King Louis VI (hence the epithet "the Young") and married Duchess ...

and then to

Henry II of England Henry II (5 March 1133 – 6 July 1189), also known as Henry Curtmantle (french: link=no, Court-manteau), Henry FitzEmpress, or Henry Plantagenet, was King of England from 1154 until his death in 1189, and as such, was the first Angevin king ...

. Several daughters of this house achieved high status.

Adelaide Adelaide ( ) is the list of Australian capital cities, capital city of South Australia, the state's largest city and the list of cities in Australia by population, fifth-most populous city in Australia. "Adelaide" may refer to either Greater A ...

married Hugh Capet and was thus the first Queen of France in the era of the Direct Capetians. Agnes married

Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor Henry III (28 October 1016 – 5 October 1056), called the Black or the Pious, was Holy Roman Emperor from 1046 until his death in 1056. A member of the Salian dynasty, he was the eldest son of Conrad II and Gisela of Swabia. Henry was raised ...

, and ruled as regent for her son, the young Henry IV. The most illustrious woman was certainly Aquitaine's ruler Eleanor, whose marriage to Henry II of England crafted the

Angevin Empire The Angevin Empire (; french: Empire Plantagenêt) describes the possessions of the House of Plantagenet during the 12th and 13th centuries, when they ruled over an area covering roughly half of France, all of England, and parts of Ireland and ...

which was to cause so much discord between France and England. The Ramnulfid house did much to encourage art, literature, and piety. Under

William V William V may refer to: * William V, Duke of Aquitaine (969–1030) * William V of Montpellier (1075–1121) * William V, Marquess of Montferrat (1191) *William V, Count of Nevers William is a male given name of Germanic origin.Hanks, Hardcast ...

, William IX, and William X, Aquitaine became the centre for the art of poetry and song in the vernacular; the

troubadour A troubadour (, ; oc, trobador ) was a composer and performer of Old Occitan lyric poetry during the High Middle Ages (1100–1350). Since the word ''troubadour'' is etymologically masculine, a female troubadour is usually called a '' trobai ...

tradition was born and raised there. The Peace and Truce of God were fostered and the ideal of courtly love invented.

Counts of Poitiers and Dukes of Aquitaine

The House of Poitiers produced many Dukes of Aquitaine, who were officially titled

Counts of Poitiers Among the people who have borne the title of Count of Poitiers (or ''Poitou'', in what is now France but in the Middle Ages became part of Aquitaine) are: *Bodilon * Warinus (638–677), son of Bodilon * Hatton (735-778) Carolingian Counts ...

. This line became extinct in the male-line in 1137, and in the female-line in 1204 with the death of

Eleanor of Aquitaine Eleanor ( – 1 April 1204; french: Aliénor d'Aquitaine, ) was Queen of France from 1137 to 1152 as the wife of King Louis VII, Queen of England from 1154 to 1189 as the wife of King Henry II, and Duchess of Aquitaine in her own right from ...

, who was by her first marriage Queen of France, and by her second marriage, Queen of England.

Princes of Antioch and Counts of Tripoli

A branch of the House of Poitiers settled in the Holy Land, founded by Raymond of Poitiers (1115-1149), a younger son of William IX of Aquitaine, from whom descended the last princes of Antioch and counts of Tripoli. * 1163-1201: Bohemond III († 1201), prince of Antioch, son of Raymond of Poitiers and Constance of Antioch. * 1201-1216: Bohemond IV (1172 † 1233), prince of Antioch and count of Tripoli, second son of Bohemond III and Orgueilleuse d'Harenc. * 1216-1219: Raymond-Roupen (1199 † 1221), son of Raymond IV, Count of Tripoli, (eldest son of Bohemond III and Orgueilleuse d'Harenc) and Alice of Armenia. * 1219-1233: Bohemond IV, restored. * 1233-1252:

Bohemond V Bohemond V of Antioch (1199 − January 17, 1252)Runciman, ''History of the Crusades, vol. III, p. 278 was ruler of the Principality of Antioch, a Crusader state, from 1233 to his death. He was simultaneously Count of Tripoli. Life Bohemond V ...

(† 1252), prince of Antioch and count of Tripoli, son of Bohemond IV and Plaisance of Gibelet. * 1252-1268: Bohemond VI ''the Fair'' (1237 † 1275), prince of Antioch and count of Tripoli, son of Bohemond V and Luciana de Caccamo-Segni. The city of Antioch was definitively lost in 1268, but Bohemond VI retained the title of Prince of Antioch until his death and passed it on to his descendants in the House of Poitiers. * 1275-1287:

Bohemond VII Bohemond VII (1261 – October 19, 1287) was the count of Tripoli and nominal prince of Antioch from 1275 to his death. The only part left of the once great Principality of Antioch was the port of Latakia. He spent much of his reign at war with the ...

(† 1287), prince of Antioch and count of Tripoli, son of preceding. * 1287-1299:

Lucia Lucia may refer to: Arts and culture * ''Lucía'', a 1968 Cuban film by Humberto Solás * ''Lucia'' (film), a 2013 Kannada-language film * '' Lucia & The Best Boys'', a Scottish indie rock band formerly known as ''LUCIA'' * "Lucia", a Swedish c ...

(† 1299), princess of Antioch and countess of Tripoli, sister of preceding, married Narjot de Toucy, Sicilian admiral.

Kings of Cyprus

Henry of Antioch Henry of Antioch (french: Henri; 1217-27 June 1276) was a nobleman from the Latin East who governed the Kingdom of Jerusalem from 1263 until 1264. He was made bailli by his wife, Isabella of Cyprus, who exercised regency on behalf of their nephe ...

(d. 1276), son of Bohemond IV of Antioch, married Isabella of Lusignan (d. 1264), heiress of the kingdom of Cyprus, and thus founded the second House of Lusignan. The lineage of the House of Poitiers became extinct in 1487 with the death of Queen Charlotte of Cyprus. * 1267-1284: Hugh III (1235 † 1284), King of Cyprus and Jerusalem, son of Henry of Antioch and Isabella of Lusignan. * 1284-1285: John II (1267 † 1285), King of Cyprus and Jerusalem, son of Hugues III and of Isabella of Ibelin. * 1285-1306: Henry II (1271 † 1324), King of Cyprus, son of Hugues III and of Isabelle of Ibelin. * 1306-1310:

Amalric, Prince of Tyre Amalric, Lord of Tyre, also called Amalric of Lusignan or Amaury de Lusignan (c. 1272 – June 5, 1310, in Nicosia) was a prince and statesman of the House of Lusignan, a younger son of King Hugh III of Cyprus and Isabella of the House of Ibelin. ...

(1272 † 1310), governor of Cyprus, son of Hugh III and of Isabella of Ibelin. * 1310-1324: Henry II of Jerusalem. * 1324-1359: Hugh IV (1295 † 1359), King of Cyprus, son of Guy of Cyprus (son of Hugh III and Isabella of Ibelin) and of Echive of Ibelin. * 1359-1369: Peter I (1328 † 1369), King of Cyprus, son of Hugh IV and of Alix of Ibelin. * 1369-1382: Peter II (1357 † 1382), King of Cyprus, son of Peter I and of Eleanor of Aragon. * 1382-1398: James I (1334 † 1398), King of Cyprus, son of Hugh IV and of Alix of Ibelin. * 1398-1432:

Janus In ancient Roman religion and myth, Janus ( ; la, Ianvs ) is the god of beginnings, gates, transitions, time, duality, doorways, passages, frames, and endings. He is usually depicted as having two faces. The month of January is named for Janu ...

(1375 † 1432), King of Cyprus, son of James I and of Helvis of Brunswick-Grubenhagen. * 1432-1458: John II (1418 † 1458), King of Cyprus, son of Janus and Charlotte de Bourbon. * 1458-1464:

Charlotte Charlotte ( ) is the List of municipalities in North Carolina, most populous city in the U.S. state of North Carolina. Located in the Piedmont (United States), Piedmont region, it is the county seat of Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, Meckl ...

(1442 † 1487), Queen of Cyprus, daughter of John II and of

Helena Palaiologina Helena Palaiologina ( el, ; 3 February 1428 – 11 April 1458) was a Byzantine princess of the Palaiologos family, who became Queen of Cyprus and Armenia, titular Queen consort of Jerusalem, and Princess of Antioch through her marriage to King ...

. * 1464-1473:

James II James II may refer to: * James II of Avesnes (died c. 1205), knight of the Fourth Crusade * James II of Majorca (died 1311), Lord of Montpellier * James II of Aragon (1267–1327), King of Sicily * James II, Count of La Marche (1370–1438), King C ...

, ''the Bastard'' (1418 † 1473), King of Cyprus, illegitimate son of John II and Marietta de Patras. * 1473-1474: James III, ''the Posthumous'' (1473 † 1474), son of James II and Catherine Cornaro.

Genealogy

House of Poitiers

********** William Aigret ********* Raymond of Poitiers, Prince of Antioch ********** '' House of Poitiers-Antioch'' ******** Hugh ****** Ebles **** Ebalus, Bishop of Limoges and Treasurer of St. Hilary of Poitiers ** Gauzbert ** Ebalus, Chancellor of France

House of Poitiers-Antioch

* Raymond of Poitiers, Prince of Antioch ** Bohemond III of Antioch *** Raymond IV, Count of Tripoli **** Raymond-Roupen ***

Bohemond IV of Antioch Bohemond IV of Antioch, also known as Bohemond the One-Eyed (french: Bohémond le Borgne; 1175–1233), was Count of Tripoli from 1187 to 1233, and Prince of Antioch from 1201 to 1216 and from 1219 to 1233. He was the younger son of Bohemond I ...

**** Raimond de Poitiers, Bailiff of Antioch ****

Bohemond V of Antioch Bohemond V of Antioch (1199 − January 17, 1252)Runciman, ''History of the Crusades, vol. III, p. 278 was ruler of the Principality of Antioch, a Crusader state, from 1233 to his death. He was simultaneously Count of Tripoli. Life Bohemond V ...

***** Bohemond VI of Antioch ******

Bohemond VII, Count of Tripoli Bohemond VII (1261 – October 19, 1287) was the count of Tripoli and nominal prince of Antioch from 1275 to his death. The only part left of the once great Principality of Antioch was the port of Latakia. He spent much of his reign at war with the ...

****

***** '' House of Poitiers-Lusignan'' *** Manuel de Poitiers *** Guillaume de Poitiers *** Bohemond de Poitiers, Lord Consort of Boutron **** Jean de Boutron **** Guillaume de Boutron, Lord of Boutron, Constable of Jerusalem ***** Jean de Boutron, Lord of Boutron **** Jacques de Boutron ***** Rostain de Boutron, Lord of Boutron ***** Guillaume de Boutron ** Baldwin ** Raymond

House of Poitiers-Lusignan

Hugh III of Cyprus Hugh III (french: Hugues; – 24 March 1284), also called Hugh of Antioch-Lusignan and the Great, was the king of Cyprus from 1267 and king of Jerusalem from 1268. Born into the family of the princes of Antioch, he effectively ruled as regen ...

*** John I of Cyprus *** Bohemond of Lusignan *** Henry II of Jerusalem ***

**** Hugh of Lusignan, Lord of Crusoche **** Henry of Lusignan **** Guy of Lusignan, later Constantine II, King of Armenia ****

John of Lusignan John of Lusignan (French: ''Jean de Lusignan''; c. 1329 or 1329/1330 – 1375) was a regent of the Kingdom of Cyprus and titular Prince of Antioch. He was son of King Hugh IV of Cyprus and his second wife Alix of Ibelin. He was a member of the ...

, Constable and Regent of Cilicia ***** Bohemond of Lusignan ***** Leo V, King of Armenia (illegitimate) **** Bohemond of Lusignan ***** Barthelemy of Lusignan, Co-Regent of Armenia (illegitimate) *** Aimery of Lusignan, Constable of Cyprus *** Guy of Lusignan ****

Hugh IV of Cyprus Hugh IV (1293-1296 – 10 October 1359) was King of Cyprus from 31 March 1324 to his abdication, on 24 November 1358 and, nominally, King of Jerusalem, as Hugh II, until his death. The son of Guy, Constable of Cyprus (son of Hugh III of Cyprus) ...

***** Guy of Lusignan, Constable of Cyprus and Titular Prince of Galilee ****** Hugh of Lusignan, Titular Prince of Galilee, Senator of Rome *****

Peter I of Cyprus Peter I (9 October 1328 – 17 January 1369) was King of Cyprus and titular King of Jerusalem from his father's abdication on 24 November 1358 until his death in 1369. He was invested as titular Count of Tripoli in 1346. As King of Cypr ...

****** Peter II of Cyprus *****

****** James of Lusignan, Titular Count of Tripoli ******* John of Lusignan, Titular Count of Tripoli ******* Peter of Lusignan, Titular Count of Tripoli ******** Phoebus of Lusignan, Titular Marshal of Armenia and Titular Lord of Sidon (illegitimate) ****** John of Lusignan, Titular Lord of Beirut (illegitimate) ******* John of Lusignan, Titular Lord of Beirut (illegitimate) *****

James I of Cyprus James I (french: Jacques de Lusignan; 1334 – September 9, 1398) was the youngest son of King Hugh IV of Cyprus and by 1369 held the title "Constable of Jerusalem." When his nephew Peter II died in 1382, James became King of Cyprus. James was al ...

****** Janus of Cyprus ******* James of Lusignan *******

John II of Cyprus John II or III of Cyprus (16 May 1418 – 28 July 1458) was the King of Cyprus and Armenia and also titular King of Jerusalem from 1432 to 1458. He was previously a titular Prince of Antioch. History Born 16 May 1418 in Nicosia, John was th ...

******** Charlotte, Queen of Cyprus ********

James II of Cyprus James II (french: Jacques; c. 1438/1439 or c. 1440 – 10 July 1473) was the penultimate King of Cyprus (usurper), reigning from 1463 until his death. Archbishop of Nicosia James was born in Nicosia as the illegitimate son of John II of Cyp ...

(illegitimate) ********* James III of Cyprus ****** Philip of Lusignan, Constable of Cyprus ******* Lancelot of Lusignan, Cardinal, Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem (illegitimate) ******

Henry of Lusignan Henry of Lusignan or Henri de Lusignan (died 7 July 1426), Titular Prince of Galilee, a military leader in Egypt, killed in action at Khirokitia or Chirokhitia. He was son of James I of Cyprus and his first wife Helvis of Brunswick-Grubenhagen. He ...

, Titular Prince of Galilee ******* ''Illegitimate line'' (extinct 1660) ****** Odo of Lusignan, Titular Seneschal of Jerusalem ****** Hugues Lancelot de Lusignan, Cardinal Archbishop of Nicosia ****** Guy of Lusignan, Constable of Cyprus ***** Thomas of Cyprus {{Tree list/end