The Jayatu Sanskritam movement begin in 1947 AD(BS 2004), started by

student A student is a person enrolled in a school or other educational institution, or more generally, a person who takes a special interest in a subject. In the United Kingdom and most The Commonwealth, commonwealth countries, a "student" attends ...

s of the Tin Dhara Pakshala

Sanskrit Sanskrit (; stem form ; nominal singular , ,) is a classical language belonging to the Indo-Aryan languages, Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages. It arose in northwest South Asia after its predecessor languages had Trans-cultural ...

School in

Nepal Nepal, officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, is a landlocked country in South Asia. It is mainly situated in the Himalayas, but also includes parts of the Indo-Gangetic Plain. It borders the Tibet Autonomous Region of China Ch ...

. They demanded

democracy Democracy (from , ''dēmos'' 'people' and ''kratos'' 'rule') is a form of government in which political power is vested in the people or the population of a state. Under a minimalist definition of democracy, rulers are elected through competitiv ...

, basic

welfare Welfare may refer to: Philosophy *Well-being (happiness, prosperity, or flourishing) of a person or group * Utility in utilitarianism * Value in value theory Economics * Utility, a general term for individual well-being in economics and decision ...

, and the inclusion of modern subjects in their

curriculum In education, a curriculum (; : curriculums or curricula ) is the totality of student experiences that occur in an educational process. The term often refers specifically to a planned sequence of instruction, or to a view of the student's experi ...

. It was the first student

uprising Rebellion is an uprising that resists and is organized against one's government. A rebel is a person who engages in a rebellion. A rebel group is a consciously coordinated group that seeks to gain political control over an entire state or a ...

in Nepal's history, and led to the

Revolution of 1951 The revolution of 1951 () in Nepal, also referred to as Sat Salko Kranti, was a political movement against the direct rule by the Rana dynasty of Nepal which had lasted for 104 years. Background of Rana regime Organization for revolution Pop ...

and the fall of the Rana dynasty. Started by students of the Tin Dhara Pakshala hostel, and later also included students at a Rajkiya Sanskrit Vidyalaya school near the

Ranipokhari Rani Pokhari (; lit. queen's pond), originally known as Nhu Pukhu (; lit. new pond), is a historic artificial pond located in the heart of Kathmandu, Nepal. The square-shaped tank dates from the 17th century, and was built on the eastern side ...

; the protests centred around restrictions on education, as the only subject allowed in the Sanskrit schools was the study of

. This contrasted with the wider educational opportunities and higher status of students related to the ruling Rana clan. The protestors became known for the

slogan A slogan is a memorable motto or phrase used in a clan or a political, commercial, religious, or other context as a repetitive expression of an idea or purpose, with the goal of persuading members of the public or a more defined target group ...

they would call, ''jayatu Sanskritam'' ("victory to the cause of Sanskrit"). On 1 June 1947, the students submitted a written demand to Prime Minister Padma Shumsher requesting courses in geography, history, economics and political science. When the government ignored their demands, the students went on strike. The students continued to agitate for educational and social equality, including waving anti-Rana flags in protest. The strike lasted until 15 June, when the government agreed to expand the curriculum offered to the students. Although the protests were placated by promises from Prime Minister Padma Shumsher Jang Bahadur Rana, his military commander-in-chief

Mohan Shumsher Jang Bahadur Rana Field-Marshal Shree Maharaja Sir Mohan Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana (), GCB, GCIE, GBE (23 December 1885 – 6 January 1967) was the prime minister and foreign minister of Nepal from 30 April 1948 until 12 November 1951. He was the last prime ...

ordered arrests and imprisonments, and forcefully

deported Deportation is the expulsion of a person or group of people by a state from its Sovereignty, sovereign territory. The actual definition changes depending on the place and context, and it also changes over time. A person who has been deported or ...

forty-two students, who were identified as leaders of the movement. From India, many of these exiles joined

Bishweshwar Prasad Koirala Bishweshwar Prasad Koirala (; 8 September 1914 – 21 July 1982), better known as B. P. Koirala (), was a Nepali revolutionary, political leader, and writer. He was the Prime Minister of Nepal from 1959 to 1960. He led the Nepali Congress ...

and others agitating for the establishment of democracy in Nepal, which led to the 1951 revolution and the overthrow of the regime.

Leaders of the movement

Ram Prasad Neupane was born in the

Ramechhap District Ramechhap District (), a part of Bagmati Province, is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. The district, also known as Wallo Kirat Ramechhap, has its district headquarters in Manthali and covers an area of . In 2011, the district had a ...

of Nepal. He studied Sanskrit in Sanskrit Pradhan, Paathsaala, Ranipokhari and stayed at the Tin Dhara Paakshala hostel in

Durbar Marg Durbar Marg or Durbarmarg (; informally known as ''King's way'') is a broad, long avenue in the Nepali capital, Kathmandu. It can be considered the heart of the city, akin to the Champs Elysées and the chief avenues of many capitals. As it leads ...

Kathmandu Kathmandu () is the capital and largest city of Nepal, situated in the central part of the country within the Kathmandu Valley. As per the 2021 Nepal census, it has a population of 845,767 residing in 105,649 households, with approximately 4 mi ...

, Nepal. He was exiled with other leaders for protesting against the Rana regime. Other leaders included: * Rajeshwor Devkota * Kashinath Gautam * Sribhadra Sharma Khanal (from Tanahun) * Parasuram Pokhrel * Purna Prasad Brahman * Kamal Raj Regmi * Ganga Prasad Sharma * Gokarna Shastri

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Jayatu Sanskritam Rana regime 1947 in Nepal Conflicts in 1947 Student protests in Asia Nepalese democracy movements Student protests in Nepal