''Rajmala'' is a
chronicle
A chronicle (, from Greek ''chroniká'', from , ''chrónos'' – "time") is a historical account of events arranged in chronological order, as in a timeline. Typically, equal weight is given for historically important events and local events ...
of the
Kings of Tripura, written in
Bengali verse in the 15th century under
Dharma Manikya I.
Overview
The ''Rajmala''
chronicles the history of the
Manikya kings of Tripura. While it serves as an invaluable source of information for the region, its historical accuracy in some aspects has been doubted.
The text is split up into six parts, written over the course of several centuries under the patronage of different Tripura monarchs. It was initially commissioned by
Dharma Manikya I in 1458,
who bestowed the task upon the royal priest Durlabhendra and two
Brahman
In Hinduism, ''Brahman'' (; IAST: ''Brahman'') connotes the highest universal principle, the ultimate reality of the universe.P. T. Raju (2006), ''Idealistic Thought of India'', Routledge, , page 426 and Conclusion chapter part XII In the ...
pandit
A pandit (; ; also spelled pundit, pronounced ; abbreviated Pt. or Pdt.) is an individual with specialised knowledge or a teacher of any field of knowledge in Hinduism, particularly the Vedic scriptures, dharma, or Hindu philosophy; in colonial-e ...
s, Sukheshwar and Baneshwar. Their work formed the first part of the text and covered the traditional period of Tripura's history and incorporated various mythological accounts. Subsequent portions were composed during the 16th, 17th, 18th and 19th centuries under
Amar Manikya,
Govinda Manikya,
Krishna Manikya and
Kashi Chandra Manikya respectively. The entire revised text was finally compiled by Durgamoni Uzir during the reign of
Krishna Kishore Manikya in the mid-19th-century.
Royal genealogy
The Rajmala presents a list of 149 kings of
Twipra as of 1431. The first king of the chronicle is
Chandra
Chandra (), also known as Soma (), is the Hindu god of the Moon, and is associated with the night, plants and vegetation. He is one of the Navagraha (nine planets of Hinduism) and Dikpala (guardians of the directions).
Etymology and other ...
, the Moon himself; the seventh is
Druhyu, one of the sons of
Yayati, a
Lunar dynasty
The Lunar dynasty (IAST: Candravaṃśa) is a legendary principal house of the Kshatriyas varna, or warrior–ruling varna (Social Class) mentioned in the ancient Indian texts. This legendary dynasty was said to be descended from moon-related ...
in mythology.
The 46th king is called ''Tripur'' (''Tripura'') as a kind of mythological
eponymous ancestor of the Sanskritic name of the kingdom.
The list of historical kings begins with the 145th king,
Ratna Fa (fl. 1280). He was the first to assume the title ''Manikya'' and as such can be considered the founder of the
Manikya Dynasty.
Mythological or legendary kings
*118. Hamtor Fa (Jujaru Fa or Himti or Birraj), see also
Twipra Era
The Tripuri calendar is the traditional solar calendar used by the Tripuri people, especially in the context of Tripuri irredentism. Its era, the "Twipra Era", "Tripura Era" or ''Tripurabda'' is set at 15 April AD 590.
The Tripura Era's New Year ...
*119. Jangi Fa (Rajendra or Janak Fa)
*120. Partha (Debrai or Debraj)
*121. Sebrai
*122. Durgur Fa (Dankuru Fa, Harirai, Kirit, Adhidharma Fa)
*123. Kharung Fa (Kurung Fa, Ramchandra)
*124. Sengfanai (Nrisingha, Singhafani)
*125. Lalit Rai
*126. Mukunda Fa (Kunda Fa)
*127. Kamal Rai
*128. Krishnadas
*129. Jash Fa (Jashoraj)
*130. Muchung Fa (Udwab)
*131. Sadhu Rai
*132. Pratap Rai
*133. Vishnuprasad
*134. Baneshwar (Baneeshwar)
*135. Beerbahu
*136. Samrat
*137. Champakeshwar (Champa)
*138. Meghraj (Megh)
*139. Sengkwchak (Dharmadhar)
*140. Sengthum Fa (Kirtidhar, Singhatung Fa)
*141. Achong Fa (Rajsurjya, Kunjaham Fa)
*142. Khichung Fa (Mohon)
*143. Dangar Fa (Harirai)
*144. Raja Fa
45. Dharma Manikya 146. Dhwaja Manikya 147. Dev Manikya
148. Indra Manikya 149. Vijay Manikya 150. Ananta Manikya
151. Uday Manikya 152. Jay Manikya 153. Amar Manikya
154. Rajdhar Manikya 155. Jasodhar Manikya 156. Kalyan Manikya
157. Govinda Manikya 158. Chatra Manikya 159. Ramdev Manikya
160. Ratna II 161. Narendra Manikya 162. Mahendra Manikya
163. Dharma II 164. Mukunda Manikya 165. Jay Manikya
166. Indra II 167. Vijay II 168. Krishna Manikya
169. Rajdhar Manikya 170. Ramganga Manikya 171. Durga Manikya
172. Kasicandra Manikya 173. Krishnakisor Manikya 174. Isan Manikya
175. Birchandra Manikya 176. Radhakisor Manikya 177. Birendra Kisor Manikya
178. Bir Bikram Kisor Manikya 179. Kirit Bikram Kisor Manik
Historical kings
:''see
List of Tripuri Kings for the post-Rajmala kings.''
*145. Ratna Fa (
Ratna Manikya) fl. 1280
*146.
Pratap Manikya
Pratap Manikya (d. 1487) was a Maharaja of Tripura during the late 15th century.
Reign
Though Pratap Manikya is stated in the '' Rajmala'' to be a son of Dharma Manikya I, later scholarship proved this to be chronologically improbable. It is in ...
*147.
Mukut Manikya (Mukunda)
*148.
Maha Manikya
*149.
Dharma Manikya fl. 1430
See also
*
Tripura
Tripura () is a States and union territories of India, state in northeastern India. The List of states and union territories of India by area, third-smallest state in the country, it covers ; and the seventh-least populous state with a populat ...
*
Tripuri people
The Tripuri people (Kokborok language, Kókborok: ''Tripuri dópha rok''), also known as Tripura, Tipra, Twipra, Tipperah, are a Tibeto-Burman-speaking ethnic group of Northeast India, Indian state of Tripura and Bangladesh. They are the descend ...
*
Tripura (princely state)
Tripura State, also known as Hill Tipperah, was a princely state in India during the period of the British Raj and for some two years after the departure of the British. Its rulers belonged to the Manikya dynasty and until August ...
References
{{reflist
External links
Tripura.com
History of Tripura
Manikya dynasty