Raimund Johann Abraham (July 23, 1933 – March 4, 2010) was an Austrian

architect An architect is a person who plans, designs and oversees the construction of buildings. To practice architecture means to provide services in connection with the design of buildings and the space within the site surrounding the buildings that h ...

.William Grimes, "Raimund Abraham, 76, Dies; Architect Known for Visionary Drawings"
''The New York Times'', March 6, 2010, retrieved 12 March 2010 Fassade exterieure ACF

Early life and formal education

Raimund Johann Abraham was born in 1933 in

Lienz Lienz (; Southern Bavarian: ''Lianz'') is a medieval town in the Austrian state of Tyrol. It is the administrative centre of the Lienz district, which covers all of East Tyrol. The municipality also includes the cadastral subdivision of ''Patr ...

East Tyrol East Tyrol, occasionally East Tirol (german: Osttirol), is an exclave of the Austrian state of Tyrol, separated from the main North Tyrol part by the short common border of Salzburg and Italian South Tyrol (''Südtirol'', it, Alto Adige). It ...

Austria Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine states, one of which is the capital, Vienna, the most populous ...

. Throughout a 40-year career, Abraham created visionary projects and built works of architecture in Europe and in the United States. From 1952-1958, Abraham studied at the

Graz University of Technology Graz University of Technology (german: link=no, Technische Universität Graz, short ''TU Graz'') is one of five universities in Styria, Austria. It was founded in 1811 by Archduke John of Austria and is the oldest science and technology research ...

. In 1959, he established a studio in

Vienna en, Viennese , iso_code = AT-9 , registration_plate = W , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = , timezone = CET , utc_offset = +1 , timezone_DST ...

, where he explored the depths and boundaries of architecture through building, drawing, and montage. Abraham's first book, the 1965 publication "Elementare Architektur" was made at a time of transition between architecture studies and practice. In this early volume on elemental structures, Abraham explores the built environment, absent aesthetic speculation, and determinations about design instead coming from the relative level of knowledge and also the desires of the builder. In 1964, Abraham emigrated to the United States.

Architecture career

Abraham was an influential architect in his native Austria and the New York avant-garde. Abraham's poetic architectural vision was influenced by the Viennese tradition to align

architecture Architecture is the art and technique of designing and building, as distinguished from the skills associated with construction. It is both the process and the product of sketching, conceiving, planning, designing, and constructing buildings ...

with

sculpture Sculpture is the branch of the visual arts that operates in three dimensions. Sculpture is the three-dimensional art work which is physically presented in the dimensions of height, width and depth. It is one of the plastic arts. Durable sc ...

, and also by the Austrian

physicist A physicist is a scientist who specializes in the field of physics, which encompasses the interactions of matter and energy at all length and time scales in the physical universe. Physicists generally are interested in the root or ultimate ca ...

and philosopher

Ernst Mach Ernst Waldfried Josef Wenzel Mach ( , ; 18 February 1838 – 19 February 1916) was a Moravian-born Austrian physicist and philosopher, who contributed to the physics of shock waves. The ratio of one's speed to that of sound is named the Mac ...

. Abraham theorized architecture on a ''collision'' course with the needs of humans, yet striving for coexistence, in a constant state of creative tension. Beginning in the late 1950s, his enigmatic architecture placed Abraham among the avant-garde, such as

Hans Hollein Hans Hollein (30 March 1934 – 24 April 2014) was an Austrian architect and designer

, Walter Pichler and

Günther Domenig Günther Domenig (6 July 1934 – 15 June 2012) was an Austrian architect. Domenig was born in Klagenfurt, and studied architecture at the Graz University of Technology (1953–1959). After working as an architectural assistant, he set u ...

. In 1958, Abraham collaborated with

Friedrich St. Florian Friedrich St. Florian (born 1932) is an Austrian-American architect. He moved to the United States in 1961, and became a naturalized U.S. citizen in 1973. Early life and education St. Florian was born Friedrich St. Florian Gartler in the Austri ...

, placing third in an international competition to design the Pan Arabian University of Saudi Arabia, and in 1959, placing second, for the design of the

Democratic Republic of the Congo The Democratic Republic of the Congo (french: République démocratique du Congo (RDC), colloquially "La RDC" ), informally Congo-Kinshasa, DR Congo, the DRC, the DROC, or the Congo, and formerly and also colloquially Zaire, is a country in ...

Cultural Center in

Léopoldville Kinshasa (; ; ln, Kinsásá), formerly Léopoldville ( nl, Leopoldstad), is the capital and largest city of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Once a site of fishing and trading villages situated along the Congo River, Kinshasa is now one ...

. Abraham criticized mainstream architecture's preoccupation with style, its indifference to history, and the rigid definition of

Modernism Modernism is both a philosophical and arts movement that arose from broad transformations in Western society during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The movement reflected a desire for the creation of new forms of art, philosophy, ...

at that time. Abraham went on to influence generations of professional architects through architectural drawings, projects, and teaching. A self-described ''incurable formalist,'' Abraham's notable built architecture includes ''

House Dellacher The House Dellacher is a residential building in Oberwart, Burgenland, Austria and a registered historic landmark. It was built between 1965 and 1969 by architect Raimund Abraham for a friend, photographer Max Dellacher. The design follows the trad ...

'' (1963–67), in the

Oberwart District Bezirk Oberwart ( hr, Kotar Borta) is a district of the state of Burgenland in Austria. Municipalities Towns (''Städte'') are indicated in boldface; market towns (''Marktgemeinden'') in ''italics''; suburbs, hamlets and other subdivisions ...

of Burgenland, Austria, ''Public Housing Complex,'' (1968–69), and ''Experimental Kindergarten'' (1969-70) in

Providence Providence often refers to: * Providentia, the divine personification of foresight in ancient Roman religion * Divine providence, divinely ordained events and outcomes in Christianity * Providence, Rhode Island, the capital of Rhode Island in the ...

Rhode Island Rhode Island (, like ''road'') is a state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It is the smallest U.S. state by area and the seventh-least populous, with slightly fewer than 1.1 million residents as of 2020, but i ...

. In 1973, Abraham was awarded the commission for ''Rainbow Plaza'' in

Niagara Falls Niagara Falls () is a group of three waterfalls at the southern end of Niagara Gorge, spanning the border between the province of Ontario in Canada and the state of New York in the United States. The largest of the three is Horseshoe Fall ...

, New York, which he co-designed with Giuliano Fiorenzoli. The same year, Abraham was asked to transform the New Essex Market Courthouse building, located at 32 Second Avenue,

New York City New York, often called New York City or NYC, is the most populous city in the United States. With a 2020 population of 8,804,190 distributed over , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the U ...

, for reuse as the

Anthology Film Archives Anthology Film Archives is an international center for the preservation, study, and exhibition of film and video, with a particular focus on independent, experimental, and avant-garde cinema.Friedrichstraße The Friedrichstraße () (lit. ''Frederick Street'') is a major culture and shopping street in central Berlin, forming the core of the Friedrichstadt neighborhood and giving the name to Berlin Friedrichstraße station. It runs from the northern ...

32-33 (1985–88), a major street in central

Berlin Berlin is Capital of Germany, the capital and largest city of Germany, both by area and List of cities in Germany by population, by population. Its more than 3.85 million inhabitants make it the European Union's List of cities in the European U ...

, which forms the core of the

Friedrichstadt Friedrichstadt (; da, Frederiksstad) is a town in the district of Nordfriesland, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is situated on the river Eider approx. 12 km south of Husum. History The town was founded in 1621 by Dutch settlers. Duk ...

neighborhood. The area was originally constructed to extend the city center, during the first half of the 18th century, in the Baroque style, and after significant damage during

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the World War II by country, vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great power ...

, and then partly rebuilt before the division of the Berlin Wall. Abraham explained the work as a tribute to ''"a city of memories, hope and despair. A City mutilated and fragmented by war, offended through reconstruction and isolated by political manipulations. Historical fragments remain, monuments of the past, elements for a new architectural beginning. New elements are suggested. First independent, then connected to form a dialectical topography of urban Architecture."'' Abraham contributed the design for ''Traviatagasse'' (1987-1991), in

Vienna en, Viennese , iso_code = AT-9 , registration_plate = W , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = , timezone = CET , utc_offset = +1 , timezone_DST ...

, with Carl Pruscha. Other buildings designed by Abraham include ''Residential/Commercial Building'' (1990–93), in

Graz Graz (; sl, Gradec) is the capital city of the Austrian state of Styria and second-largest city in Austria after Vienna. As of 1 January 2021, it had a population of 331,562 (294,236 of whom had principal-residence status). In 2018, the popu ...

; ''House Bernard'' (1985), ''Hypo-Bank'' and ''Hypo-House'' (1993–96), situated in the historic center of the small town of

Tyrol Tyrol (; historically the Tyrole; de-AT, Tirol ; it, Tirolo) is a historical region in the Alps - in Northern Italy and western Austria. The area was historically the core of the County of Tyrol, part of the Holy Roman Empire, Austrian Emp ...

, in

. In later years, Abraham designed his own home in Mazunte,

Mexico Mexico ( Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guate ...

. Among Abraham's many well known hypothetical projects is ''Seven Gates to Eden,'' a bold hand-drawn analysis of the suburban house, exhibited in the 1976

Venice Biennale The Venice Biennale (; it, La Biennale di Venezia) is an international cultural exhibition hosted annually in Venice, Italy by the Biennale Foundation. The biennale has been organised every year since 1895, which makes it the oldest of ...

, curated by

Francesco Dal Co Francesco Dal Co (born 29 December 1945) is an Italian historian of architecture. He graduated in 1970 at the University Iuav of Venice, and has been director of the Department of History of Architecture since 1994. He has been Professor of Hist ...

, and included in a 1981 show at the Yale School of Architecture, entitled ''Collisions,'' curated by New York architect

George Ranalli George Joseph Ranalli (born 1946) is an American modernist architect, scholar, curator, and fellow of the American Institute of Architects. He is based in New York City. Early life and education A native of The Bronx, New York, of Italian Ame ...

. Abraham's ''City Of Twofold Vision, Cannaregio West,'' (1978–80), is sited in Cannaregio, the northernmost of the six historic districts of the historic city of

Venice Venice ( ; it, Venezia ; vec, Venesia or ) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto region. It is built on a group of 118 small islands that are separated by canals and linked by over 400 bridges. The isla ...

Italy Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical ...

. Abraham also designed the ''Les Halles Redevelopment'' project (1980) for

Paris Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. ...

France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan ar ...

, and ''Interior'' (2001), and his design for ''The New Acropolis Museum'' (2002) in

Athens Athens ( ; el, Αθήνα, Athína ; grc, Ἀθῆναι, Athênai (pl.) ) is both the capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Greece, largest city of Greece. With a population close to four million, it is also the seventh List ...

Greece Greece,, or , romanized: ', officially the Hellenic Republic, is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the southern tip of the Balkans, and is located at the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and Africa. Greece shares land borders wit ...

articulates new ideas about the contextualization of monuments. In 2002, Abraham contributed a poetic artistic response to New York's World Trade Center attack on September 11, 2001. Abraham's proposal is a poignant symbol to regain footing while envisioning a new future architecture for the City of New York. Perhaps Abraham's best known work of architecture is the

Austrian Cultural Forum New York The Austrian Cultural Forum New York (ACFNY) is one of Austria's two cultural representation offices in the United States; the other is in Washington, D.C. It is part of the worldwide network of Austrian Cultural Forums overseen by the Austria ...

(1993-02), at 11 East 52nd Street; a building ingeniously arranged onto a site only 25 feet wide. Architectural historian

Kenneth Frampton Kenneth Brian Frampton (born 20 November 1930) is a British architect, critic and historian. He is the Ware Professor of Architecture at the Graduate School of Architecture, Planning, and Preservation at Columbia University, New York. He has b ...

has recognized the Austrian Cultural Forum as "the most significant modern piece of architecture to be realized in Manhattan since the

Seagram Building The Seagram Building is a skyscraper at 375 Park Avenue, between 52nd and 53rd Streets, in the Midtown Manhattan neighborhood of New York City. Designed by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe with minor assistance from Philip Johnson, Ely Jacques Ka ...

and

Guggenheim Museum The Guggenheim Museums are a group of museums in different parts of the world established (or proposed to be established) by the Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation. Museums in this group include: Locations Americas * The Solomon R. Guggenhei ...

in 1959." Another notable project, ''Musikerhaus'' or ''House for Musicians'' (1999), in Hombroich, near to

Düsseldorf Düsseldorf ( , , ; often in English sources; Low Franconian and Ripuarian: ''Düsseldörp'' ; archaic nl, Dusseldorp ) is the capital city of North Rhine-Westphalia, the most populous state of Germany. It is the second-largest city in ...

Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG),, is a country in Central Europe. It is the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany lies between the Baltic and North Sea to the north and the Alps to the sou ...

. The built atop a former

NATO The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO, ; french: Organisation du traité de l'Atlantique nord, ), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance between 30 member states – 28 European and two No ...

missile base. Abraham adapted the site for reuse as an artists' residence and exhibition gallery. Abraham's ''Musikerhaus'' was completed posthumously, under the supervision of Abraham's daughter Una, in 2013. In 2015, The German Architecture Museum (DAM) identified Abraham's ''Musikerhaus'' as a significant new building constructed in Germany. Abraham was awarded a ''Stone Lion'' (1985), at the 3rd International Architecture Exhibition for "Progetto Venezia," an international competition sponsored by the

, under the directorship of

Aldo Rossi Aldo Rossi (3 May 1931 – 4 September 1997) was an Italian architect and designer who achieved international recognition in four distinct areas: architectural theory, drawing and design and also product design. He was one of the leading expon ...

. He also earned the ''Grand Prize of Architecture'' (1995), and ''Gold Medal of Honor'' (2005) for ''meritorious service to the Province of

Vienna en, Viennese , iso_code = AT-9 , registration_plate = W , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = , timezone = CET , utc_offset = +1 , timezone_DST ...

''. In 2011, Abraham was part of the ensemble cast in the film ''"Sleepless nights stories,"'' which included

Marina Abramović Marina Abramović ( sr-Cyrl, Марина Абрамовић, ; born November 30, 1946) is a Serbian conceptual and performance artist. Her work explores body art, endurance art, feminist art, the relationship between the performer and aud ...

, Thomas Boujut,

Louise Bourgeois Louise Joséphine Bourgeois (; 25 December 191131 May 2010) was a French-American artist. Although she is best known for her large-scale sculpture and installation art, Bourgeois was also a prolific painter and printmaker. She explored a varie ...

, Simon Bryant, Phong Bui, Pip Chodorov, Louis Garrel, Björk Gudmundsdottir, Flo Jacobs, Ken Jacobs, Harmony Korine, Lefty Korine, Rachel Korine-Simon, Kris Kucinskas, Hopi Lebel, Jean-Jacques Lebel, Diane Lewis, Jonas Lozoraitis, Adolfas Mekas, Oona Mekas, Sebastian Mekas, DoDo Jin Ming, Dalius Naujokaitis,

Benn Northover Benn Northover (born 3 January 1981) is an English-Irish actor, director and artist. He made his screen debut in the drama ''Hostage to Terror.'' Northover's other notable film roles include ''Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows'', ''The Bazt ...

, Hans Ulrich Obrist,

Yoko Ono Yoko Ono ( ; ja, 小野洋子, Ono Yōko, usually spelled in katakana ; born February 18, 1933) is a Japanese multimedia artist, singer, songwriter, and peace activist. Her work also encompasses performance art and filmmaking. Ono grew up i ...

, Nathalie Provosty, Carolee Schneeman,

Patti Smith Patricia Lee Smith (born December 30, 1946) is an American singer, songwriter, poet, painter and author who became an influential component of the New York City punk rock movement with her 1975 debut album ''Horses''. Called the "punk poet ...

, and Lee Stringer. The March 22, 2015 premiere of ''Scenes from the Life of Raimund Abraham'' (2013), by film diarist Jonas Mekas, is a

cinéma vérité Cinéma vérité (, , ; "truthful cinema") is a style of documentary filmmaking developed by Edgar Morin and Jean Rouch, inspired by Dziga Vertov's theory about Kino-Pravda. It combines improvisation with use of the camera to unveil truth or hi ...

style documentary of the lift of Raimund Abraham which carries its subject, the visionary architect, into the future.

Drawing architecture

Abraham's article entitled ''The Meaning of Place in Art and Architecture", published in 1983 refutes the opposition of Art and Architecture. Abraham is known for creating visionary architectural hand-drawings dominated by the elemental and archaic described in a few basic shapes. Throughout his career, Abraham asserted the autonomous, fundamental value of a drawing as a manifestation of architecture, stating, "The drawing is one of the tools we have available for the realization of an architectural idea." To Abraham, drawing was as much the work of the architect as building. Critics describe Abraham's drawings as ''architectural poetry on paper.'' Many of his visionary drawings are exhibited and collected as fine art. During the 1960s and 70s, Abraham's interest in the typology of the house inspired masterful, visually compelling, imaginative architectural drawings, accompanied by evocative titles and texts, such as ''Glacier City, from the Linear City Series Project, Sectional perspective'' (1964) - an invisible city, between walls, on either side of a wide valley; ''Universal City, project, Sectional perspective (''1966); ''Earth-Cloud House, project'' (1970); and ''The House with Curtains Project, Perspective'' (1972), about which Abraham notes, in the accompanying poem entitled "Elements of the House," the opposing sensations and feelings, natural elements and cycles, and spatial components characterizing his subject,''The House without Rooms, project, elevation and plan'' (1974). Abraham's drawn architecture explores human dwellings, the ritual of habitation, and the subjectivity of spatial conditions, especially interiority. Abraham's shadowy visions, such as ''Radar Cities,'' ''Terza Mostra d' Architettura,'' (1985); ''Jewish Museum Project, Judenplatz, Vienna, Austria Project,'' ''Exterior perspective'' (1997); and ''Metropolitan Core'' (2010) propose thoughtful architectural prototypes. The work is a prescient meditation on architectural scale, not only its relationship to the scale of the human body, but also the impact of scale upon multi-sensory perception and imagination. Abraham explained the inspiration for ''Nine Projects for Venice'' (1979–80): ''"the absence of the mechanical scale of land-bound transportation, Venice, as no other City, has been able to retain a physiological morphology which has consistently reversed all known spatial principles of Cartesian origins."'' Abraham populates the city of Venice with architectural inventions, such as ''Wall of Lost Journeys,'' ''House For Boats,'' ''Square of Solitude,'' and ''Tower of Wisdom.'' Abraham's drawn architecture is symbolic of the mythology for collisions and the potential of architectural expression. In the collection Reynolda House Museum of American Art, Abraham's Untitled (1982) drawing of a geometric structure set in a hilly landscape; along the edge is composed (from top to bottom) of an isometric view, a side elevation, and cross-section.

Architecture education

Abraham explained his role as an educator as follows: ''"Teaching forces me to engage in a critical dialogue with somebody else, and find a level of objectivity that allows me to have a fair critical argument. My role as a teacher is simply to clarify, although that's a bit simplistic. When I give a problem to the students, it's my problem; I am trying to anticipate how I could solve that problem. And my joy is when the students come up with a solution I haven't thought of."'' After arriving in the United States in the mid-1960s, Abraham taught at

Rhode Island School of Design The Rhode Island School of Design (RISD , pronounced "Riz-D") is a private art and design school in Providence, Rhode Island. The school was founded as a coeducational institution in 1877 by Helen Adelia Rowe Metcalf, who sought to increase the ...

, in

, and then for 31-years, he was a professor of architecture at the

Cooper Union School of Art and Architecture The Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art (Cooper Union) is a private college at Cooper Square in New York City. Peter Cooper founded the institution in 1859 after learning about the government-supported École Polytechnique in ...

, New York, N.Y., and adjunct faculty member at

Pratt Institute Pratt Institute is a private university with its main campus in Brooklyn, New York. It has a satellite campus in Manhattan and an extension campus in Utica, New York at the Munson-Williams-Proctor Arts Institute. The school was founded in 1887 ...

Brooklyn Brooklyn () is a borough of New York City, coextensive with Kings County, in the U.S. state of New York (state), New York. Kings County is the most populous Administrative divisions of New York (state)#County, county in the State of New York, ...

, New York. Abraham was also variously a visiting professor in architecture design at the Open Atelier of Design and Architecture (OADA) in

;

Hines College of Architecture The Gerald D. Hines College of Architecture was founded in 1956 and is one of twelve academic colleges of the University of Houston. It offers both undergraduate and graduate level degree programs. In March 1997, Gerald D. Hines Gerald Doug ...

at the

University of Houston The University of Houston (UH) is a Public university, public research university in Houston, Texas. Founded in 1927, UH is a member of the University of Houston System and the List of universities in Texas by enrollment, university in Texas ...

Texas Texas (, ; Spanish language, Spanish: ''Texas'', ''Tejas'') is a state in the South Central United States, South Central region of the United States. At 268,596 square miles (695,662 km2), and with more than 29.1 million residents in 2 ...

; Yale School of Architecture and Environmental Studies;

Harvard Graduate School of Design The Harvard Graduate School of Design (GSD) is the graduate school of design at Harvard University, a private research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. It offers master's and doctoral programs in architecture, landscape architecture, urba ...

;

Architectural Association School of Architecture The Architectural Association School of Architecture in London, commonly referred to as the AA, is the oldest independent school of architecture in the UK and one of the most prestigious and competitive in the world. Its wide-ranging programme ...

London London is the capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of just under 9 million. It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a estuary dow ...

;

Southern California Institute of Architecture Southern California Institute of Architecture (SCI-Arc) is a private architecture school in Los Angeles, California. Founded in 1972, SCI-Arc was initially regarded as both institutionally and artistically avant-garde and more adventurous than ...

(SCI-Arc),

Los Angeles, California Los Angeles ( ; es, Los Ángeles, link=no , ), often referred to by its initials L.A., is the largest city in the state of California and the second most populous city in the United States after New York City, as well as one of the wo ...

; Technical Universities,

; and University of Strasbourg.

Exhibitions

The work of Raimund Abraham has been exhibited widely at museums and galleries worldwide, including

Moderna Museet Moderna Museet ("the Museum of Modern Art"), Stockholm, Sweden, is a state museum for modern and contemporary art located on the island of Skeppsholmen in central Stockholm, opened in 1958. In 2009, the museum opened a new branch in Malmö i ...

, Stockholm, Sweden;

Museo Correr The Museo Correr () is a museum in Venice, northern Italy. Located in St. Mark's Square, Venice, it is one of the 11 civic museums run by the Fondazione Musei Civici di Venezia. The museum extends along the southside of the square on the upper ...

;

Centre Pompidou The Centre Pompidou (), more fully the Centre national d'art et de culture Georges-Pompidou ( en, National Georges Pompidou Centre of Art and Culture), also known as the Pompidou Centre in English, is a complex building in the Beaubourg area of ...

;

Pinacotheca A pinacotheca (Latin borrowing from grc, πινακοθήκη, pinakothēkē = grc, πίναξ, pinax, (painted) board, tablet, label=none + grc, θήκη, thēkē, box, chest, label=none) was a picture gallery in either ancient Greece or anc ...

;

National Gallery (Berlin) The National Gallery (german: Nationalgalerie) in Berlin, Germany, is a museum for art of the 19th, 20th and 21st centuries. It is part of the Berlin State Museums. From the Alte Nationalgalerie, which was built for it and opened in 1876, its e ...

;

German Architecture Museum The German Architecture Museum (german: Deutsches Architekturmuseum, links=no) (DAM) is located on the Museumsufer in Frankfurt, Germany. Housed in an 18th-century building, the interior has been re-designed by Oswald Mathias Ungers in 1984 as ...

, Frankfurt; Krinzinger Gallery, Innsbruck;

Graham Foundation for Advanced Studies in the Fine Arts The Graham Foundation for Advanced Studies in the Fine Arts is a 501(c)3 non-profit that “fosters the development and exchange of diverse and challenging ideas about architecture and its role in the arts, culture, and society. The Graham realize ...

Chicago (''City in a Garden''); I Will , image_map = , map_caption = Interactive Map of Chicago , coordinates = , coordinates_footnotes = , subdivision_type = List of sovereign states, Count ...

, Illinois; and the

Museum of Modern Art The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) is an art museum located in Midtown Manhattan, New York City, on 53rd Street (Manhattan), 53rd Street between Fifth Avenue, Fifth and Sixth Avenues. It plays a major role in developing and collecting modern art, ...

and

Architectural League of New York The Architectural League of New York is a non-profit organization "for creative and intellectual work in architecture, urbanism, and related disciplines". The league dates from 1881, when Cass Gilbert organized meetings at the Salmagundi Club for ...

Solo exhibitions and programs

* 2016: ''Back Home: The architecture of Raimund Abraham retrospective''. Schloss Bruck Museum, Lienz * 2015: ''Scenes from the Life of Raimund Abraham (2013).'' Copenhagen Architecture Festival (CAFx) Premiere; Copenhagen, Denmark. * 2011: ''Raimund Abraham "Musikerhaus''

, New York, N.Y. * 2006: '' Under Pain of Death.'' Austrian Cultural Forum New York * 2005: ''Raimund Abraham: Jing Ya Ocean Entertainment Center.'' Frederieke Taylor Gallery, New York, N.Y. *2001: ''Raimund Abraham: Buildings, images 1990–2000.'' Aam Gallery, 9 Via Castelfidaro,

Milan, Italy Milan ( , , Lombard: ; it, Milano ) is a city in northern Italy, capital of Lombardy, and the second-most populous city proper in Italy after Rome. The city proper has a population of about 1.4 million, while its metropolitan city h ...

. * 1993: ''The New Austrian Cultural Institute by Raimund Abraham.''

The Museum of Modern Art The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) is an art museum located in Midtown Manhattan, New York City, on 53rd Street between Fifth and Sixth Avenues. It plays a major role in developing and collecting modern art, and is often identified as one of th ...

, New York. * 1993: ''The New Austrian Cultural Institute.''

, Urban Center. * 1991: ''Raimund Abraham: NUILT, 1961–1995.'' Arthur A. Houghton Jr. Gallery,

, New York, N.Y. * 1987: ''Raimund Abraham: NUILT.'' Gallery Krinzinger, Galerie Museum, Innsbruck, Switzerland. * 1983: ''Raimund Abraham: works and projects, 1960–1983'' (Raimund Abraham : obras y proyectos, 1960-1983).

Museo de Arte Moderno (Madrid) The Museum of Modern Art (''Museo de Arte Moderno'' or ''M.A.M.'') was the Spanish national museum dedicated to 19th- and 20th-century painting. It was set up in 1894. It closed in 1971, when its 19th-century collections were merged into those of ...

, Escuela T.S. de Arquitectura de Madrid and

Technical University of Madrid The Technical University of Madrid or sometimes called Polytechnic University of Madrid ( es, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, UPM) is a public university, located in Madrid, Spain. It was founded in 1971 as the result of merging different Te ...

. * 1983: ''Raimund Abraham Berlin Projects 1980 – 1983.'' Aedes, Galerie fur Architektur und Raum,

Berlin, Germany Berlin is the capital and largest city of Germany, both by area and by population. Its more than 3.85 million inhabitants make it the European Union's most populous city, as measured by population within city limits having gained this stat ...

. * 1981: ''Raimund Abraham, Collisions: Exhibition, October 26 - December 4, 1981.'' Yale School of Architecture,

New Haven New Haven is a city in the U.S. state of Connecticut. It is located on New Haven Harbor on the northern shore of Long Island Sound in New Haven County, Connecticut and is part of the New York City metropolitan area. With a population of 134,023 ...

, CT. * 1976: ''Raimund Abraham: Seven Gates to Eden.'' Art Net, 14 West Central Street,

London, England London is the capital and largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of just under 9 million. It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a estuary down to the North Sea, and has been a major s ...

. * 1975: ''Raimund Abraham: la casa, universo del hombre,'' (House, universe of man). Galería Universitaria Aristos,

Royal and Pontifical University of Mexico The Royal and Pontifical University of Mexico (in es, Real y Pontificia Universidad de México) was founded on 21 September 1551 by Royal Decree signed by Charles I of Spain, in Valladolid, Spain. It is generally considered the first university o ...

(UNAM). * 1973: ''Raimund Abraham: Works, 1960–1973.'' Galerie Grünangergasse 12,1010 Wien, Austria. * 1969: ''Zero Zones.''

(Modern Museum),

Stockholm, Sweden Stockholm () is the capital and most populous city of Sweden as well as the largest urban area in the Nordic countries. Approximately 1 million people live in the municipality, with 1.6 million in the urban area, and 2.4 millio ...

. * 1969: ''Raimund Abraham: Hyperspaces.''

Group exhibitions

* 2015: ''Endless House: Intersections of Art and Architecture.''

New York New York most commonly refers to: * New York City, the most populous city in the United States, located in the state of New York * New York (state), a state in the northeastern United States New York may also refer to: Film and television * '' ...

, N.Y. * 2012: ''Vienna e dintorni: Raimund Abraham,

Hans Hollein Hans Hollein (30 March 1934 – 24 April 2014) was an Austrian architect and designer

, Max Peintner, Gianni Pettena, Walter Pichler,

Ettore Sottsass Ettore Sottsass (Innsbruck, Austria 14 September 1917 – Milan, Italy 31 December 2007) was a 20th century Italian architect, noted for also designing furniture, jewellery, glass, lighting, home and office wares, as well as numerous buildings an ...

.'' Galleria Giovanni Bonelli,

. * 2012: ''White Cube, Green Maze: New Art Landscapes.''

Carnegie Museum of Art The Carnegie Museum of Art, is an art museum in the Oakland neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Originally known as the Department of Fine Arts, Carnegie Institute and was at what is now the Main Branch of the Carnegie Library of Pittsbu ...

Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Pittsburgh ( ) is a city in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, United States, and the county seat of Allegheny County. It is the most populous city in both Allegheny County and Western Pennsylvania, the second-most populous city in Pennsyl ...

. * 2008: '' Dreamland: Architectural Experiments Since the 1970s.'' * 2004: ''Ex. Position: Avantgarde Tirol 1960/75,'' Tiroler Landesmuseum, (

Tyrolean State Museum The Tyrolean State Museum (german: Tiroler Landesmuseum), also known as the Ferdinandeum after Archduke Ferdinand, is located in Innsbruck, Austria. It was founded in 1823 by the Tyrolean State Museum Ferdinandeum Society (''Verein Tiroler Landes ...

Innsbruck, Austria Innsbruck (; bar, Innschbruck, label=Austro-Bavarian ) is the capital of Tyrol and the fifth-largest city in Austria. On the River Inn, at its junction with the Wipp Valley, which provides access to the Brenner Pass to the south, it had a po ...

. * 2004: ''Hombroich spaceplacelab: Laboratory for other modes of living, 9: 1 = landscape: building.'' International Exhibition of Architecture, Exhibition

Palazzo Zenobio The Ca' Zenobio degli Armeni (Palazzo Zenobio, Ca' Zenobio) is a Baroque-style palace structure in the sestiere of Dorsoduro, in Venice, Italy. The nearby bridge Ponte del Soccorso connects it to the Palazzo Ariani. History The palace initially ...

, Venice, Italy. * 2003: ''Global village: The 1960s.''

Dallas Museum of Art The Dallas Museum of Art (DMA) is an art museum located in the Arts District of downtown Dallas, Texas, along Woodall Rodgers Freeway between St. Paul and Harwood. In the 1970s, the museum moved from its previous location in Fair Park to the Art ...

(DMA),

Dallas, Texas Dallas () is the third largest city in Texas and the largest city in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex, the fourth-largest metropolitan area in the United States at 7.5 million people. It is the largest city in and seat of Dallas County wi ...

. * 2003: ''Civilization of living: The evolution of European domestic interiors,'' travel exhibition held first at La Triennale di Milano. * 2002: ''A new

World Trade Center World Trade Centers are sites recognized by the World Trade Centers Association. World Trade Center may refer to: Buildings * List of World Trade Centers * World Trade Center (2001–present), a building complex that includes five skyscrapers, a ...

: Design proposals from leading architects worldwide,'' Max Protetch Gallery,

. * 1999: ''The Architecture of the

.'' AZW Exhibition,

Vienna, Austria en, Viennese , iso_code = AT-9 , registration_plate = W , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = , timezone = CET , utc_offset = +1 , timezone_DST ...

. * 1996: ''Hombroich Architecture.'' The 6th International Exhibition of Architecture, Palazzo Vendramin,

Venice, Italy Venice ( ; it, Venezia ; vec, Venesia or ) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto Regions of Italy, region. It is built on a group of 118 small islands that are separated by canals and linked by over 400 ...

. * 1996: ''Planes.'' Petrie Great Hall and Joseph Gallery of the Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion, New York, N.Y. * 1991: ''13 Austrian positions.'' Fifth International Exhibition of Architecture,

. * 1985: Architecture Biennale,

* 1984: ''Follies: Landscape architecture for the late twentieth century.'' Leo Castelli Gallery, New York; James Corcoran Gallery, Los Angeles; MOPU Arquitectura, Madrid. * 1984: ''

Times Square Times Square is a major commercial intersection, tourist destination, entertainment hub, and neighborhood in Midtown Manhattan, New York City. It is formed by the junction of Broadway, Seventh Avenue, and 42nd Street. Together with adjacent ...

Tower Project, New York, N.Y.''

Municipal Art Society The Municipal Art Society of New York (MAS) is a non-profit membership organization for preservation in New York City, which aims to encourage thoughtful planning and urban design and inclusive neighborhoods across the city. The organization was ...

, New York, N.Y. * 1983: ''Trends in contemporary architecture.'' National Gallery Alexander Soutzos Museum, Greece. * 1981: ''Inventions:

Piranesi Giovanni Battista (or Giambattista) Piranesi (; also known as simply Piranesi; 4 October 1720 – 9 November 1778) was an Italian Classical archaeologist, architect, and artist, famous for his etchings of Rome and of fictitious and atmospheric " ...

and architectural fantasies in the present; December 13, 1981 – February 10, 1982,'' Kunstverein Hannover, German Werkbund Lower Saxony and Bremen. * 1980: ''Ten images for Venice: Raimund Abraham,

Carlo Aymonino Carlo Aymonino (18 July 1926 – 3 July 2010) was an Italian architect and urban planner best known for the Monte Amiata housing complex in Milan. Early life Born in Rome, he studied at the University of Rome, obtaining his degree in 1950. In ...

, Peter Eisenman,

John Hejduk John Quentin Hejduk (July 19, 1929 – July 3, 2000) was an American architect, artist and educator of Czech origin who spent much of his life in New York City. Hejduk is noted for having had a profound interest in the fundamental issues of shap ...

, Bernhard Hoesli,

Rafael Moneo José Rafael Moneo Vallés (born 9 May 1937) is a Spanish architect. He won the Pritzker Prize for architecture in 1996, the RIBA Royal Gold Medal in 2003 and La Biennale's Golden Lion in 2021. Biography Born in Tudela, Spain, Moneo studied at ...

, Valeriano Pastor, Gianugo Polesello,

, Luciano Semerani; Our projects for Cannaregio West, Venice; Napoleonic Wing, April 1st – 30th April 1980.''

. * 1979: ''Visionary drawings of architecture and planning: 20th century through the 1960s.'' Smithsonian Institution, Traveling Exhibition Service (SITES). * 1978: ''Architecture: Seven Architects.'' Institute of Contemporary Art of the

University of Pennsylvania The University of Pennsylvania (also known as Penn or UPenn) is a private research university in Philadelphia. It is the fourth-oldest institution of higher education in the United States and is ranked among the highest-regarded universit ...

. * 1977: ''Architecture: 7 Architects: Raimund Abraham,

Emilio Ambasz Emilio Ambasz (born June 13, 1943, in Resistencia, Chaco, Argentina) is an Argentinian-US architect and award-winning industrial designer. From 1969 to 1976 he was Curator of Design at the Museum of Modern Art, in New York. Ambasz has been label ...

Richard Meier Richard Meier (born October 12, 1934) is an American abstract artist and architect, whose geometric designs make prominent use of the color white. A winner of the Pritzker Architecture Prize in 1984, Meier has designed several iconic buildings ...

, Walter Pichler,

, James Stirling,

Robert Venturi Robert Charles Venturi Jr. (June 25, 1925 – September 18, 2018) was an American architect, founding principal of the firm Venturi, Scott Brown and Associates, and one of the major architectural figures of the twentieth century. Together with ...

and

John Rauch John Rauch (August 20, 1927 – June 10, 2008), also known by his nickname Johnny Rauch, was an American football player and coach. He was head coach of the Oakland Raiders in the team's loss to the Green Bay Packers in Super Bowl II in early ...

).''

Leo Castelli Leo Castelli (born Leo Krausz; September 4, 1907 – August 21, 1999) was an Italian-American art dealer who originated the contemporary art gallery system. His gallery showcased contemporary art for five decades. Among the movements which ...

Gallery, New York City. * 1976: ''Seven Gates to Eden: Studio in Venice (hommage to Franco della Puppa). Urban Center-Suburban Alternatives: 11 American Projects,''

Exhibition of Architecture,

. * 1967: ''Architectural Fantasies: Drawings from the Museum's Collection.''

References

External links

Raimund Abraham - Works & Researches
(written by Hans Höger for the Japanese magazin
SHIFT
{{DEFAULTSORT:Abraham, Raimund 1933 births 2010 deaths People from Lienz Austrian architects Austrian expatriates in the United States Architecture educators Cooper Union faculty Pratt Institute faculty Rhode Island School of Design faculty

Early life and formal education

Architecture career

Drawing architecture

Architecture education

Exhibitions

Solo exhibitions and programs

Group exhibitions

References

Further reading

External links