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Railcoop is a French rail
cooperative society A cooperative (also known as co-operative, co-op, or coop) is "an autonomous association of persons united voluntarily to meet their common economic, social and cultural needs and aspirations through a jointly owned and democratically-control ...
, headquartered in Cambes, Lot. It is one of the first private passenger service companies to be created in the aftermath of the liberalisation of rail transportation in France and the end of the
monopoly A monopoly (from Greek el, μόνος, mónos, single, alone, label=none and el, πωλεῖν, pōleîn, to sell, label=none), as described by Irving Fisher, is a market with the "absence of competition", creating a situation where a speci ...
on passenger transit for the national railway operator SNCF. As the rail network remains state-owned by the public agency
SNCF Réseau The Société nationale des chemins de fer français (; abbreviated as SNCF ; French for "National society of French railroads") is France's national state-owned railway company. Founded in 1938, it operates the country's national rail traffic ...
, Railcoop operates as an independent rail operator by purchasing slots for operating its services; its schedules are regularly communicated to the national transport regulation authority. Railcoop was formally established during November 2019, at which point it set about recruiting members and raising funds with which to establish train operations; by February 2021, it had raised €1.3 million and had 5,500 shareholders, which included multiple local authorities. In September 2021, it was announced that Railcoop had received its rail operator license, and obtained confirmation of the necessary train paths for its initial operations. Two months later, the organisation launched its first train service, hauling freight three times per week between
Figeac Figeac (; oc, Fijac) is a commune in the Lot department in south-western France. Figeac is a sub-prefecture of the department. Geography Figeac is on the via Podiensis, a major hiking medieval pilgrimage trail which is part of the Way of S ...
and
Toulouse Toulouse ( , ; oc, Tolosa ) is the Prefectures in France, prefecture of the Departments of France, French department of Haute-Garonne and of the larger Regions of France, region of Occitania (administrative region), Occitania. The city is on t ...
; this was increased to a daily service in January 2022. From its founding, Railcoop's stated primary project is the reopening of a direct passenger service between
Bordeaux Bordeaux ( , ; Gascon oc, Bordèu ; eu, Bordele; it, Bordò; es, Burdeos) is a port city on the river Garonne in the Gironde department, Southwestern France. It is the capital of the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region, as well as the prefecture ...
and
Lyon Lyon,, ; Occitan: ''Lion'', hist. ''Lionés'' also spelled in English as Lyons, is the third-largest city and second-largest metropolitan area of France. It is located at the confluence of the rivers Rhône and Saône, to the northwest of ...
, a service which SNCF had opted to discontinue in 2014. It has obtained its own rolling stock and petitioned for suitable train paths to be allocated. At one point, the passenger service was set to commence in June 2022, however, it had to be postponed until December 2022. Railcoop had ambitions to launch several other passenger services in the future.


History

During 2009, liberalisation reforms were implemented in France, resulting in the opening of the rail transport market for international services. Shortly thereafter, the Italian private company Thello announced plans to operate its own service between the cities of
Paris Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. ...
and
Venice Venice ( ; it, Venezia ; vec, Venesia or ) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto region. It is built on a group of 118 small islands that are separated by canals and linked by over 400 bridges. The isla ...
. During 2020, the national
flag carrier A flag carrier is a transport company, such as an airline or shipping company, that, being locally registered in a given sovereign state, enjoys preferential rights or privileges accorded by the government for international operations. Hist ...
Air France Air France (; formally ''Société Air France, S.A.''), stylised as AIRFRANCE, is the flag carrier of France headquartered in Tremblay-en-France. It is a subsidiary of the Air France–KLM Group and a founding member of the SkyTeam global airl ...
was ordered by the French government to reduce its domestic flights that competed with rail travel in an effort to promote a shift in the travelling public towards the latter medium. French authorities were reportedly keen to welcome competition to its rail market, additional moves in this direction were implemented during the early 2020s. Despite this, there has been criticism voiced that the French rail sector is unwelcoming to new entrants. Operating in the context of a very weak use of the railways within France's low-populated areas and the dominance of high speed trains on major trunk routes, Railcoop aims to re-develop medium-size rail connections. During the early 2010s, Railcoop was initially structured as a
not-for-profit A nonprofit organization (NPO) or non-profit organisation, also known as a non-business entity, not-for-profit organization, or nonprofit institution, is a legal entity organized and operated for a collective, public or social benefit, in co ...
or voluntary association; it became a "cooperative society aiming at a collective interest" (SCIC), the first such entity, in November 2019. By this point, the organisation had gained the backing of a wide range of investors, including €500,000 from the regional government of
Grand Est Grand Est (; gsw-FR, Grossa Oschta; Moselle Franconian/ lb, Grouss Osten; Rhine Franconian: ''Groß Oschte''; german: Großer Osten ; en, "Great East") is an administrative region in Northeastern France. It superseded three former administ ...
, to support its ambitions. Reportedly, Railcoop was required to have a minimum
share capital A corporation's share capital, commonly referred to as capital stock in the United States, is the portion of a corporation's equity that has been derived by the issue of shares in the corporation to a shareholder, usually for cash. "Share capit ...
of €1.5 million as well as recruit 3,000 members in order to obtaining a railway operating license. By February 2021, the organisation had reportedly raised €1.3 million and had 5,500 shareholders, including multiple local authorities. On 9 June 2020, Railcoop confirmed its intentions with France's Regulatory Transport Authority (ART), which investigated whether the planned service conflicted with any existing public service. The same year, the recruitment of 100 staff members commenced. In September 2021, it was announced that Railcoop had received its rail operator license, a necessary step towards operating its own train services. That same month, French authorities confirmed the necessary train paths for such services to be run; furthermore, the organisation was closing in on obtaining its safety certificate, which would enable services to commence shortly thereafter.


Services

On 15 November 2021, Railcoop launched a freight haulage service between
Figeac Figeac (; oc, Fijac) is a commune in the Lot department in south-western France. Figeac is a sub-prefecture of the department. Geography Figeac is on the via Podiensis, a major hiking medieval pilgrimage trail which is part of the Way of S ...
and
Toulouse Toulouse ( , ; oc, Tolosa ) is the Prefectures in France, prefecture of the Departments of France, French department of Haute-Garonne and of the larger Regions of France, region of Occitania (administrative region), Occitania. The city is on t ...
, traversing the freight line from
Decazeville Decazeville ( oc, La Sala) is a commune in the Aveyron department in the Occitanie region in southern France. The commune was created in the 19th century because of the Industrial Revolution and was named after the Duke of Decazes (1780–1 ...
, via
Capdenac Capdenac () is a commune in the Lot department in south-western France. It has been inhabited since prehistoric times. At one time Capdenac was thought to be identifiable as the Gaulish settlement of Uxellodunum which was besieged by Julius Ca ...
to
Saint-Jory Saint-Jory (; oc, Sent Jòri) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France. It is served by Saint-Jory station on the Bordeaux-Toulouse line. Population Sights The Château de Saint-Jory is a 16th-century castle whi ...
. Hauling mainly agricultural and industrial products, the rolling stock comprised a pair of locomotives provided by
DB Cargo DB Cargo (previously known as Railion and DB Schenker Rail) is an international transport and logistics company. It is responsible for all of the rail freight transport activities of the German railway company Deutsche Bahn (the DB Group) bot ...
while 24 wagons were leased from
Ermewa SNCF Logistics was the division of the SNCF group responsible for freight transportation and logistics. The division included the activities of: Geodis (and subsidiaries), general land transport and logistics; Fret SNCF the national rail freigh ...
. Initially being operated three times per week, the frequency was increased to daily in January 2022. This service is operated on an on-demand basis. The company has reportedly held talks with as many as 30 different companies to discuss options for fulfilling their freight needs by its rail services. The main project of the company is the Bordeaux-Lyon direct link, which was withdrawn by SNCF in 2014. The service is intended to run three times per day, one of which would be an overnight train. These are to call at destinations such as
Périgueux Périgueux (, ; oc, Peireguers or ) is a commune in the Dordogne department, in the administrative region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine, southwestern France. Périgueux is the prefecture of Dordogne, and the capital city of Périgord. It is al ...
,
Limoges Limoges (, , ; oc, Lemòtges, locally ) is a city and Communes of France, commune, and the prefecture of the Haute-Vienne Departments of France, department in west-central France. It was the administrative capital of the former Limousin region ...
,
Guéret Guéret (; Occitan: ''Garait'') is a commune and the prefecture of the Creuse department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in central France. Geography Guéret is a light industrial town, the largest in the department, with a big woodland ...
,
Montluçon Montluçon (; oc, Montleçon ) is a commune in central France on the river Cher. It is the largest commune in the Allier department, although the department's prefecture is located in the smaller town of Moulins. Its inhabitants are known ...
, and
Roanne Roanne (; frp, Rouana; oc, Roana) is a commune in the Loire department, central France. It is located northwest of Lyon on the river Loire. It has an important Museum, the ''Musée des Beaux-arts et d'Archéologie Joseph-Déchelette'' (Fre ...
, has a projected journey time of six hours and 47 minutes, as well as a forecast demand of 690,000 passengers that would use the service each year. The launch date was at one point expected to occur in June 2022, but has been postponed to December amid allegations that SNCF was unable to allocate suitable train paths for the service to be run. Initially efforts by the organisation to acquire its own
rolling stock The term rolling stock in the rail transport industry refers to railway vehicles, including both powered and unpowered vehicles: for example, locomotives, freight and passenger cars (or coaches), and non-revenue cars. Passenger vehicles can ...
were centred around locomotive-hauled rakes of coaches with which it intended to operate the service. Instead, by mid 2022, Railcoop had purchased nine SNCF Class X 72500s and commenced an internal refurbishment of each unit. In the long term, the organisation had stated its preference for obtaining Coradia Liner bi-mode multiple units, the same class used by SNCF on non-electrified intercity routes. Passengers are to be provisioned with various onboard services and comfort enhancement features; the trains have been configured with
catering Catering is the business of providing food service at a remote site or a site such as a hotel, hospital, pub, aircraft, cruise ship, park A park is an area of natural, semi-natural or planted space set aside for human enjoyment and r ...
facilities, large luggage storage areas (suitable for skis and surfboards), and a dedicated children's play area. Furthermore, their engines and transmissions were overhauled with the aim of improving their reliability. Railcoop has ambitions to operate additional routes within France. The company has publicly stated its expectation to reinvest over half of any profits generated into the business' development. During 2023, the company hopes to operate services between
Toulouse Toulouse ( , ; oc, Tolosa ) is the Prefectures in France, prefecture of the Departments of France, French department of Haute-Garonne and of the larger Regions of France, region of Occitania (administrative region), Occitania. The city is on t ...
and
Rennes Rennes (; br, Roazhon ; Gallo: ''Resnn''; ) is a city in the east of Brittany in northwestern France at the confluence of the Ille and the Vilaine. Rennes is the prefecture of the region of Brittany, as well as the Ille-et-Vilaine departm ...
, as well as
Lyon Lyon,, ; Occitan: ''Lion'', hist. ''Lionés'' also spelled in English as Lyons, is the third-largest city and second-largest metropolitan area of France. It is located at the confluence of the rivers Rhône and Saône, to the northwest of ...
and
Thionville Thionville (; ; german: Diedenhofen ) is a city in the northeastern French department of Moselle. The city is located on the left bank of the river Moselle, opposite its suburb Yutz. History Thionville was settled as early as the time of the ...
.


References

{{reflist Cooperatives in France Railway companies established in 2019 Railway companies of France 2019 establishments in France