As defined by FS-1037C and

ITU Radio Regulations The ITU Radio Regulations (RR) is a basic document of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) that regulates on law of nations scale radiocommunication services and the utilisation of radio frequencies. It is the supplementation to th ...

, radiodetermination is:

the determination of the position,
velocity Velocity is a measurement of speed in a certain direction of motion. It is a fundamental concept in kinematics, the branch of classical mechanics that describes the motion of physical objects. Velocity is a vector (geometry), vector Physical q ...
or other characteristics of an object, or the obtaining of information relating to these
parameter A parameter (), generally, is any characteristic that can help in defining or classifying a particular system (meaning an event, project, object, situation, etc.). That is, a parameter is an element of a system that is useful, or critical, when ...
s, by means of the propagation properties of
radio wave Radio waves (formerly called Hertzian waves) are a type of electromagnetic radiation with the lowest frequencies and the longest wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum, typically with frequencies below 300 gigahertz (GHz) and wavelengths g ...
s

There are two main fields to radiodetermination: * '' radionavigation'': "used for the purposes of

navigation Navigation is a field of study that focuses on the process of monitoring and controlling the motion, movement of a craft or vehicle from one place to another.Bowditch, 2003:799. The field of navigation includes four general categories: land navig ...

, including obstruction warning", which is mainly active; * ''

radiolocation Radiolocation, also known as radiolocating or radiopositioning, is the process of finding the location of something through the use of radio waves. It generally refers to passive, particularly radar—as well as detecting buried cables, wate ...

'': "used for purposes other than those of radionavigation", which is mainly passive.

Radar Radar is a system that uses radio waves to determine the distance ('' ranging''), direction ( azimuth and elevation angles), and radial velocity of objects relative to the site. It is a radiodetermination method used to detect and track ...

is a radiodetermination system based on the reflection (or retransmission) of a radio wave by an object at a position to be determined.

Examples

Radiotriangulation.jpg,

Triangulation In trigonometry and geometry, triangulation is the process of determining the location of a point by forming triangles to the point from known points. Applications In surveying Specifically in surveying, triangulation involves only angle m ...

using radiodetermination British Post Office interference finding truck 1927.jpg, British Post Office mobile RDF, 1927 NSGA Galeta Island Site.jpg, Direction-finding system Galeta Island Pelengator.jpg, Direction finder with direction-finding aerial

International regulation

Radiodetermination service is – according to Article 1.4 of the International Telecommunication Union's (ITU)

Radio Regulations Radio regulation refers to the regulation and licensing of radio in international law, by individual governments, and by municipalities. International regulation The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is a specialized agency of the Unit ...

(RR)ITU Radio Regulations, Section IV. Radio Stations and Systems – Article 1.40, definition: ''radiodetermination service '' – defined as "A radiocommunication service for the purpose of radiodetermination." Radiodetermination-satelliteservice is – according to Article 1.41 of the ITU-RR – defined as "A radiocommunication service for the purpose of radiodetermination involving the use of one or more space stations. This service may also include

feeder link A feeder link is – according to ''Article 1.115'' of the International Telecommunication Union´s (ITU) ITU Radio Regulations (RR)ITU Radio Regulations, Section IV. Radio Stations and Systems – Article 1.115, definition: ''feeder link'' – ...

s necessary for its own operation."

Classification

This ''radiocommunication service'' is classified in accordance with ITU-RR (article 1) as follows:
Radiodetermination service (article 1.40) *Radiodetermination-satellite service (article 1.41) * Radionavigation service (article 1.42) ** Radionavigation-satellite service (article 1.43) ** Maritime radionavigation service (article 1.444) *** Maritime radionavigation-satellite service (article 1.45) ** Aeronautical radionavigation service (article 1.46) *** Aeronautical radionavigation-satellite service (article 1.47) *

Radiolocation service Radiolocation, also known as radiolocating or radiopositioning, is the process of finding the geolocalization, location of something through the use of radio waves. It generally refers to passive, particularly radar—as well as detecting bur ...

(article 1.48) ** Radiolocation-satellite service (article 1.49)

Frequency allocation

The allocation of radio frequencies is provided according to Article 5 of the ITU-RR(edition 2012). In order to improve harmonisation in spectrum utilisation, the majority of service-allocations stipulated in this document were incorporated in national Tables of Frequency Allocations and Utilisations which is within the responsibility of the appropriate national administration. The allocation might be primary, secondary, exclusive, and shared. *primary allocation: is indicated by writing in capital letters *secondary allocation: is indicated by small letters *exclusive or shared utilization: is within the responsibility of administrations ; Example of

frequency allocation Frequency allocation (or spectrum allocation) is the part of spectrum management dealing with the designation and regulation of the electromagnetic spectrum into frequency bands, normally done by governments in most countries. Because radio pr ...

Stations

A radiodetermination station is – according to article 1.86 of the ITU-RRITU Radio Regulations, Section IV. Radio Stations and Systems – Article 1.86, definition: ''radiodetermination station'' – defined as "A radio station in the radiodetermination service." A radiodetermination station uses reception of

radio wave Radio waves (formerly called Hertzian waves) are a type of electromagnetic radiation with the lowest frequencies and the longest wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum, typically with frequencies below 300 gigahertz (GHz) and wavelengths g ...

s in order to determine the location of an object, under the condition that this thing is reflecting and/or transmitting radio waves. This designation may also be the collective name of any radar set in general, up to target location, illuminating, acquisition and tracking, as well as radar sigh, altimeter and precision-guided munitions or bombs. Each radiodetermination station shall be classified by the radiocommunication service in which it operates permanently or temporarily. In accordance with ITU-RR (article 1) this type of radio station might be classified as follows:
Radiodetermination station * Radionavigation mobile station (article 1.87) of the radionavigation service (article 1.42) *

Radionavigation land station Radio navigation or radionavigation is the application of radio waves to geolocalization, determine a position of an object on the Earth, either the vessel or an obstruction. Like radiolocation, it is a type of Radiodetermination-satellite servi ...

(article 1.88) of the radionavigation service *

Radiolocation mobile station Radiolocation, also known as radiolocating or radiopositioning, is the process of finding the location of something through the use of radio waves. It generally refers to passive, particularly radar—as well as detecting buried cables, wat ...

(article 1.89) of the radiolocation service (article 1.48) * Radiolocation land station (article 1.90) of the radiolocation service * Radio direction-finding station (article 1.91)

Gallery

Radar antenna.jpg, Tesla OPRL-4.jpg, Radar PRV-17 2009 G2.jpg, RAAF radar.jpg, Cavalierairforcestationparcs.jpg, APAR.jpg, ME-110G-2 at RAF Hendon.jpg, Mark 68 director containing SPG-53.jpg, US Navy 060109-N-3019M-012 The heavy lift vessel MV Blue Marlin enters Pearl Harbor, Hawaii with the Sea Based X-Band Radar (SBX) aboard.jpg, Bundesarchiv Bild 101I-356-1845-08, Frankreich, Radar an der Kanalküste.jpg, QuikScat.jpg, OSTM-06.jpg, Icesat.jpg,

Examples

International regulation

Classification

Frequency allocation

Stations

Gallery

See also

References

Further reading