The sixth Mandala of the
Rigveda has 75 hymns, mainly to
Agni and
Indra
Indra (; Sanskrit: इन्द्र) is the king of the devas (god-like deities) and Svarga (heaven) in Hindu mythology. He is associated with the sky, lightning, weather, thunder, storms, rains, river flows, and war. volumes/ref> I ...
. Most hymns in this book are attributed to the ' family of
Angirasas, especially to
Bharadvaja. It is one of the "family books" (mandalas 2–7), the oldest core of the Rigveda, which were composed in early vedic period(1500-1000 BCE).
Deities addressed besides Indra and Agni include the
Vishvadevas,
Pushan, the
Asvins
The Ashvins ( sa, अश्विन्, Aśvin, horse possessors), also known as Ashwini Kumara and Asvinau,, §1.42. are Hindu twin gods associated with medicine, health, dawn and sciences. In the ''Rigveda'', they are described as youthful div ...
,
Ushas (Dawn), the
Maruts,
Dyaus
Dyaus ( ), or Dyauspitar (Devanagari द्यौष्पितृ, ), is the Ṛigvedic sky deity. His consort is Prithvi, the earth goddess, and together they are the archetypal parents in the Rigveda.
Nomenclature
stems from Proto-Ind ...
and
Prthivi (Heaven and Earth),
Savitar,
Brhaspati
Brihaspati ( sa, बृहस्पति, ), also known as Guru, is a Hindu deity. In the ancient Vedic scriptures of Hinduism, Brihaspati is a deity associated with fire, and the word also refers to a rishi (sage) who counsels the devas (gods ...
and
Soma-
Rudra.
The
rivers
A river is a natural flowing watercourse, usually freshwater, flowing towards an ocean, sea, lake or another river. In some cases, a river flows into the ground and becomes dry at the end of its course without reaching another body of wate ...
mentioned in the sixth Mandala are the
Sarasvati,
Yavyavati and
Hariupiya. RV 6.61 is entirely dedicated to Sarasvati. In RV 6.45.31 the term Ganga occurs which refers to the River Ganges.
Talageri (2000), based on his proposition of an ''westward'' expansion early Rigvedic culture from
Haryana (contrary to the nearly universally assumed eastward expansion from
Gandhara
Gandhāra is the name of an ancient region located in the northwestern region of the Indian subcontinent, more precisely in present-day north-west Pakistan and parts of south-east Afghanistan. The region centered around the Peshawar Vall ...
) and his identification of some
Rigvedic rivers, claims this Mandala as the oldest of the family books.
[Talageri, Shrikant. (2000) '' The Rigveda: A Historical Analysis'']
List of incipits
The dedication as given by Griffith is in square brackets
6.1 (442) gni.
6.2 (443) gni.
6.3 (444) gni.
6.4 (445) gni.
6.5 (446) gni.
6.6 (447) gni.
6.7 (448) gni.
6.8 (449) gni.
6.9 (450) gni.
6.10 (451) gni.
6.11 (452) gni.
6.12 (453) gni.
6.13 (454) gni.
6.14 (455) gni.agnâ yó mártiyo dúvo
6.15 (456) gni.
6.16 (457) gni.
6.17 (458) ndra.píbā sómam abhí yám ugra tárda
6.18 (459) ndra.
6.19 (460) ndra.
6.20 (461) ndra.dyaúr ná yá indra abhí bhûma aryás
6.21 (462) ndra. Visvedevas.imâ u tvā purutámasya kārór
6.22 (463) ndra.
6.23 (464) ndra.
6.24 (465) ndra.
6.25 (466) ndra.yâ ta ūtír avamâ yâ paramâ
6.26 (467) ndra.śrudhî na indra hváyāmasi tvā
6.27 (468) ndra.kím asya máde kím u asya pītâv
6.28 (469) ows.â gâvo agmann utá bhadrám akran
6.29 (470) ndra.
6.30 (471) ndra.
6.31 (472) ndra.
6.32 (473) ndra.ápūrviyā purutámāni asmai
6.33 (474) ndra.
6.34 (475) ndra.
6.35 (476) ndra.kadâ bhuvan ráthakṣayāṇi bráhma
6.36 (477) ndra.satrâ mádāsas táva viśvájanyāḥ
6.37 (478) ndra.
6.38 (479) ndra.ápād itá úd u naś citrátamo
6.39 (480) ndra.mandrásya kavér diviyásya váhner
6.40 (481) ndra.índra píba túbhya * sutó mádāya
6.41 (482) ndra.
6.42 (483) ndra.
6.43 (484) ndra.yásya tyác chámbaram máde
6.44 (485) ndra.
6.45 (486) ndra.
6.46 (487) ndra.tuvâm íd dhí hávāmahe
6.47 (488) ndra, Etc.
6.48 (489) gni and Others.yajñâ-yajñā vo agnáye
6.49 (490) isvedevas.
6.50 (491) isvedevas.
6.51 (492) isvedevas.
6.52 (493) isvedevas.
6.53 (494) usan.vayám u tvā pathas pate
6.54 (495) usan.
6.55 (496) usan.
6.56 (497) usan.yá enam ādídeśati
6.57 (498) ndra and Pusan.
6.58 (499) usan.
6.59 (500) ndra-Agni.
6.60 (501) ndra-Agni.
6.61 (502) arasvati.
6.62 (503) svins.
6.63 (504) svins.kúva tyâ valgû puruhūtâ adyá
6.64 (505) awn.
6.65 (506) awn.
6.66 (507) aruts.
6.67 (508) itra-Varuna.
6.68 (509) ndra-Varuna.
6.69 (510) ndra-Visnu.
6.70 (511) eaven and Earth.
6.71 (512) avitar.
6.72 (513) ndra-Soma.
6.73 (514) rhaspati.
6.74 (515) oma-Rudra.sómārudrā dhāráyethām asuryàm
6.75 (516) eapons of War.
References
External links
* – English translation by
Ralph T. H. Griffith
{{Rigveda
Rigveda