RTI-83
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RTI-83 ((–)-2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-ethylphenyl)tropane) is a
phenyltropane Phenyltropanes (PTs) were originally developed to reduce cocaine addiction and dependency. In general these compounds act as inhibitors of the plasmalemmal monoamine reuptake transporters. This research has spanned beyond the last couple decade ...
derivative which represents a rare example of an SDRI or serotonin-dopamine reuptake inhibitor, a drug which inhibits the
reuptake Reuptake is the reabsorption of a neurotransmitter by a neurotransmitter transporter located along the plasma membrane of an axon terminal (i.e., the pre-synaptic neuron at a synapse) or glial cell after it has performed its function of transmi ...
of the
neurotransmitter A neurotransmitter is a signaling molecule secreted by a neuron to affect another cell across a Chemical synapse, synapse. The cell receiving the signal, or target cell, may be another neuron, but could also be a gland or muscle cell. Neurotra ...
s
serotonin Serotonin (), also known as 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), is a monoamine neurotransmitter with a wide range of functions in both the central nervous system (CNS) and also peripheral tissues. It is involved in mood, cognition, reward, learning, ...
and
dopamine Dopamine (DA, a contraction of 3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamine) is a neuromodulatory molecule that plays several important roles in cells. It is an organic chemical of the catecholamine and phenethylamine families. It is an amine synthesized ...
, while having little or no effect on the reuptake of the related neurotransmitter
noradrenaline Norepinephrine (NE), also called noradrenaline (NA) or noradrenalin, is an organic chemical in the catecholamine family that functions in the brain and body as a hormone, neurotransmitter and neuromodulator. The name "noradrenaline" (from ...
. With a
binding affinity In biochemistry and pharmacology, a ligand is a substance that forms a complex with a biomolecule to serve a biological purpose. The etymology stems from Latin ''ligare'', which means 'to bind'. In protein-ligand binding, the ligand is usuall ...
(Ki) of 55 nM at DAT and 28.4 nM at SERT but only 4030 nM at
NET NET may refer to: Broadcast media United States * National Educational Television, the predecessor of the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) in the United States * National Empowerment Television, a politically conservative cable TV network ...
, RTI-83 has reasonable selectivity for DAT/SERT over NET However, further research has shown that by extending the ethyl chain even better selectivity can be achieved, with the 4′-(''cis''-propenyl) analogue having Ki values of 15 nM at DAT and 7.1 nM at SERT, vs 2800 nM at NET. However RTI-436 has an even better selectivity for DAT over NET (3.09 nM @ DAT and 1,960 nM @ NET, or a NET/DAT ratio of 634.3, but with lesser DAT/SERT equivalent potency with a ratio between them of 108) and RTI-88 has a still better ratio (984 NET/DAT with additionally having less selectivity than the former compound between DAT/SERT and having a more even spread of potency with the ratio between DAT and SERT being 88). Such drugs are speculated to be useful as potential
antidepressant Antidepressants are a class of medications used to treat major depressive disorder, anxiety disorders, chronic pain, and addiction. Common side effects of antidepressants include Xerostomia, dry mouth, weight gain, dizziness, headaches, akathi ...
s, but few examples have been reported in the literature as yet. However, while RTI-83 has been used for binding studies to model the
monoamine transporter Monoamine transporters (MATs) are proteins that function as integral Cell membrane, plasma-membrane Neurotransmitter transporter, transporters to regulate concentrations of extracellular monoamine neurotransmitters. The three major classes are se ...
proteins, its pharmacology ''in vivo'' has not been studied in detail.


See also

* 4-Ethylamphetamine *
4-Ethylmethcathinone 4-Ethylmethcathinone (4-EMC) is a recreational designer drug of the stimulant and entactogen class. It is a structural isomer of 4-MEC and 3,4-DMMC. It has been identified in many countries around the world, initially in Europe but was first found ...
*
UWA-101 UWA-101 (also known as α-cyclopropyl-MDMA) is a phenethylamine derivative researched as a potential treatment for Parkinson's disease. Its chemical structure is very similar to that of the illegal drug MDMA, the only difference being the replac ...


References


External links

* {{Dopaminergics Tropanes RTI compounds Serotonin–dopamine reuptake inhibitors Sympathomimetic amines Methyl esters Ethyl compounds Phenylene compounds