Regulator of G-protein signaling 17 is a
protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, respon ...
that in humans is encoded by the ''RGS17''
gene
In biology, the word gene (from , ; "... Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a b ...
.
Function
This gene encodes a member of the regulator of
G-protein
G proteins, also known as guanine nucleotide-binding proteins, are a family of proteins that act as molecular switches inside cells, and are involved in transmitting signals from a variety of stimuli outside a cell to its interior. Their ...
signaling family. This protein contains a conserved, 120 amino acid motif called the
RGS domain RGS is the abbreviation of:
* Burgos Airport, Spain, by IATA airport code
* Congregation of Our Lady of Charity of the Good Shepherd
* Raffles Girls' School (Secondary)
* Rapid Global School, Uttar Pradesh, India
* Redland Green School, Bristol
* ...
and a cysteine-rich region. The protein attenuates the signaling activity of G-proteins by binding to activated, GTP-bound G alpha subunits and acting as a
GTPase
GTPases are a large family of hydrolase enzymes that bind to the nucleotide guanosine triphosphate (GTP) and hydrolyze it to guanosine diphosphate (GDP). The GTP binding and hydrolysis takes place in the highly conserved P-loop "G domain", a ...
activating protein (GAP), increasing the rate of conversion of the GTP to GDP. This hydrolysis allows the G alpha subunits to bind G beta/gamma subunit heterodimers, forming inactive G-protein heterotrimers, thereby terminating the signal.
Along with
RGS4,
RGS9
Regulator of G-protein signalling 9, also known as RGS9, is a human gene, which codes for a protein involved in regulation of signal transduction inside cells. Members of the RGS family, such as RGS9, are signaling proteins that suppress the acti ...
and
RGS14,
RGS17 plays an important role in termination of signalling by
mu opioid receptors and development of tolerance to
opioid
Opioids are substances that act on opioid receptors to produce morphine-like effects. Medically they are primarily used for pain relief, including anesthesia. Other medical uses include suppression of diarrhea, replacement therapy for opioi ...
analgesic drugs.
Clinical significance
RGS17 is a putative lung cancer susceptibility gene in the lung cancer associated locus on chromosome 6q in humans. RGS17 is overexpressed in lung and prostate cancers, induces cAMP production, CREB phosphorylation and CREB responsive gene expression
Expression of RGS17 is required for maintenance of proliferation in lung tumor cell lines.
References
Further reading
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