Quneitra Offensive (2015)
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The Quneitra offensive (June 2015) was launched by Syrian rebel forces, during the Syrian Civil War, in order to capture the last government-held positions in Quneitra Governorate: Hader,
Madinat al-Baath Madinat al-Salam (, "City of Peace") is a town in the UNDOF Zone in the Golan Heights that is the administrative centre of the Quneitra Governorate of southern Syria. It is located on the Damascus– Quneitra road, 12 km north of Quneitra and 2 ...
, Khan Arnabah and the strategic hill of Tell Krum. The other objective was connecting southern rebel-held parts of Syria with Western Ghouta.


The offensive

The offensive was launched on 16 June 2015. It was unclear who started the operation, with some reports saying it was the Southern Front of the Free Syrian Army, while others that it was a newly formed coalition called
Jaish al-Haramoun Jaish al-Haramoun was an operations room of Syrian rebel factions that operated in eastern Quneitra and Rif Dimashq governorates of Syria. After the loss at the Battle of Zabadani (2015) the operations rooms became largely defunct. Members * ...
, which was established by the
al-Qaeda , image = Flag of Jihad.svg , caption = Jihadist flag, Flag used by various al-Qaeda factions , founder = Osama bin Laden{{Assassinated, Killing of Osama bin Laden , leaders = {{Plainlist, * Osama bin Lad ...
-linked
al-Nusra Front Al-Nusra Front or Jabhat al-Nusra or Jabhat Nusrat Ahl al-Sham, also known as Front for the Conquest of the Levant, and also later known as Jabhat Fatah al-Sham was a Salafi-jihadist organization that fought against Ba'athist Syria, Ba'athist ...
. According to the Southern Front, it specifically forbade the participation of al-Nusra, with a spokesman stating it does "not share the vision for a free Syria we are fighting for". The next day, the rebels surrounded the
Druze The Druze ( ; , ' or ', , '), who Endonym and exonym, call themselves al-Muwaḥḥidūn (), are an Arabs, Arab Eastern esotericism, esoteric Religious denomination, religious group from West Asia who adhere to the Druze faith, an Abrahamic ...
town of Hadar, after they seized the Tuloul al-Hamar area, including the strategic Tal Hamr hill north of the town. Also, the rebels launched simultaneous attacks targeting Tal Shaar, Tal al Bazzaq and the town of Jaba. The attacks were repelled by Syrian armed forces. On 19 June, the SOHR reported that rebels had captured a large quantity of ammunition and weapons during ongoing clashes in the Tuloul al-Hamar area, while local government reinforcements were deployed to aid the besieged Druze militia in Hader. Later that day, the Syrian Army's 9th Division recaptured Tal Hamr hill, making Hader no longer besieged. In response to the Army counter-attack, rebels brought in new reinforcements. On 20 June, the '
Army of Conquest The Army of Conquest () or Jaish al-Fatah, abbreviated JaF, was a joint command center of Sunni Islamist Syrian rebel factions participating in the Syrian Civil War. The alliance was formed in March 2015 under the supervision and coordinati ...
in the southern region' was established and immediately took part in the campaign in Quneitra, while the FSA announced the battle for the 160th Battalion, Infantry Battalion and Military Police barrier in
Quneitra Quneitra (also Al Qunaytirah, Qunaitira, or Kuneitra; , ''al-Qunayṭrah'' or ''al-Qunayṭirah'' ) is the largely destroyed and abandoned capital of the Quneitra Governorate in south-western Syria. It is situated in a high valley in the Golan ...
. The next day, FSA's First Army announced that it would not cooperate with the
Army of Conquest The Army of Conquest () or Jaish al-Fatah, abbreviated JaF, was a joint command center of Sunni Islamist Syrian rebel factions participating in the Syrian Civil War. The alliance was formed in March 2015 under the supervision and coordinati ...
. As of 23 June, fighting continued at the towns of Beit Jinn, Jabatha Al-Khashab and Ufaniya, while the rebels once again seized several positions in the Tuloul al-Hamar area, with the Army making attempts to regain them over the following several days. On 25 June, opposition activists claimed fighting took place in Jaba village, located along the primary supply line for the government forces stationed in some of the villages and hills north of Quneitra. The rebels also claimed they were in the process of opening the way to Beit Jinn, in an attempt to trap several military brigades in the surrounding al-Hamar highlands, and cut the supply lines of government forces to Quneitra. They also claimed to had seized heat-seeking anti-aircraft Cobra rockets from military installations in the al-Hamar highlands.


Reaction

* – Israel, which has a large Druze population has been watching the offensive closely. The BBC reported that "thousands of Druze protested in villages across Israel, calling on the government and international community to come to the aid of their brethren in Syria". The Israeli government has stated that it will not send troops to Druze areas of Syria, though the government did lobby the United States for increased aid to the Druze populations on the Syrian side of the border. However, Gadi Eizenkot, Chief of Staff of the Israeli Defense Force has stated that the "IDF will do everything it can to prevent a massacre of Syrian refugees who have taken refuge near the border with Israel". * - Reactions among Druze politicians in Lebanon varied, though all expressed concern for Druze populations in Syria.
Walid Jumblatt Walid Kamal Jumblatt (; born 7 August 1949) is a Lebanese politician who was the leader of the Progressive Socialist Party from 1977 until 2023. A Druze and former militia commander, Jumblatt led the Lebanese National Resistance Front, allying ...
, leader of the predominantly Druze
Progressive Socialist Party The Progressive Socialist Party () is a Lebanese political party. Its confessional base is in the Druze sect and its regional base is in Mount Lebanon Governorate, especially the Chouf District. Founded by Kamal Jumblatt in 1949, the party ...
, "called on Syrian Druze to support the rebellion in their country, arguing that the real threat to them came from a government that killed dozens of people every day". Alternatively, Wiam Wahhab of the Lebanese Unification Movement, a supporter of
Bashar al-Assad Bashar al-Assad (born 11September 1965) is a Syrian politician, military officer and former dictator Sources characterising Assad as a dictator: who served as the president of Syria from 2000 until fall of the Assad regime, his government ...
, disagreed with Jumblatt's suggestion and instead "appealed for "money, volunteers, weapons" to help those in Suweida defend themselves".


Aftermath

In late July 2015, it was reported that the Syrian Armed Forces targeted the rebel contingents at the towns of Jabatha Al-Khashab, Turnajah, Al-Hamidiyah, Al-Samadaniyah Al-Sharqiyah, and Al-Ajraf. On 25 August 2015, it was reported that the rebels had control of the Tuloul al-Hamar, from which they sniped cars travelling on the three-kilometer dirt road between the government-held towns of Hader and Harfa. In late August and early September, rebel attacks on Madinat al-Baath and Khan Arnabah from Samadaniyah al-Gharbi-Al-Hamidiyah axis and Al-Huriyah-Ufaniyah axis were repelled. On 27 Sep 2015, it was reported that Israeli rockets had struck Syrian army positions in Brigade 90, Nabi' al-Fawwar and Tel ash Shahm army base.


See also

* 2014 Quneitra offensive *
Quneitra Governorate clashes (2012–14) Quneitra Governorate clashes may refer to: * Quneitra Governorate clashes (2012–2014) * Quneitra Governorate clashes (2024) See also * Quneitra offensive (disambiguation) {{disambiguation ...
* Battle of Bosra (2015) * Battle of Nasib Border Crossing (April 2015)


References

{{Reflist, 2 Military operations of the Syrian civil war in 2015 Military operations of the Syrian civil war involving the al-Nusra Front Quneitra Governorate in the Syrian civil war Military operations of the Syrian civil war involving the Syrian government Military operations of the Syrian civil war involving the Free Syrian Army