In
enzymology
Enzymes () are proteins that act as biological catalysts by accelerating chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrates, and the enzyme converts the substrates into different molecules known as products. A ...
, a pyruvate oxidase () is an
enzyme that
catalyzes
Catalysis () is the process of increasing the rate of a chemical reaction by adding a substance known as a catalyst (). Catalysts are not consumed in the reaction and remain unchanged after it. If the reaction is rapid and the catalyst recyc ...
the
chemical reaction
:pyruvate + phosphate + O
2 acetyl phosphate + CO
2 + H
2O
2
The 3
substrates of this enzyme are
pyruvate
Pyruvic acid (CH3COCOOH) is the simplest of the alpha-keto acids, with a carboxylic acid and a ketone functional group. Pyruvate, the conjugate base, CH3COCOO−, is an intermediate in several metabolic pathways throughout the cell.
Pyruvic aci ...
,
phosphate, and
O2, whereas its 3
products are
acetyl phosphate
In organic chemistry, acetyl is a functional group with the chemical formula and the structure . It is sometimes represented by the symbol Ac (not to be confused with the element actinium). In IUPAC nomenclature, acetyl is called ethanoyl, ...
,
CO2, and
H2O2.
This enzyme belongs to the family of
oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donor with oxygen as acceptor. The
systematic name of this enzyme class is pyruvate:oxygen 2-oxidoreductase (phosphorylating). Other names in common use include pyruvic oxidase, and phosphate-dependent pyruvate oxidase. This enzyme participates in
pyruvate metabolism
Pyruvic acid (CH3COCOOH) is the simplest of the alpha-keto acids, with a carboxylic acid and a ketone functional group. Pyruvate, the conjugate base, CH3COCOO−, is an intermediate in several metabolic pathways throughout the cell.
Pyruvic aci ...
. It has 2
cofactors
Cofactor may also refer to:
* Cofactor (biochemistry), a substance that needs to be present in addition to an enzyme for a certain reaction to be catalysed
* A domain parameter in elliptic curve cryptography, defined as the ratio between the orde ...
:
FAD, and
Thiamin diphosphate.
Structural studies
As of late 2007, 12
structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with
PDB accession codes , , , , , , , , , , , and .
References
*
*
EC 1.2.3
Flavoproteins
Thiamin diphosphate enzymes
Enzymes of known structure
{{1.2-enzyme-stub